Fungicides alternatives for pre-flowering linseed

This work aims to reveal control alternatives for foliar diseases through different anti-fungal molecules applied in pre-flowering in the linseed crop. The experiment took place in the experimental area of Escola Fazenda, Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul - UNIJUÍ, located in the municipality of Augusto Pestana – RS. The experimental design used randomized blocks, with ten fungicide treatments in foliar application and three replications, totaling 30 experimental units. In the useful area of ​​each experimental unit, the following characteristics were measured: plant height, plants per square meter, number of grains per plant, weight of grains per plant, grain yield, normalized green red difference index, green leaf index, spectral saturation index. The active ingredient Pyraclostrobin + Fluxapyroxad can contribute favorably to the maintenance of floral units, capsules and grains per plant. The correct positioning of the use of the molecule is decisive and requires further studies in linseed culture.Molecule rotation in the control of fungal diseases is essential to ensure sustainability and avoid the tolerance of pathogens to fungicides. Evidencing managements that promote greater efficiency in the control can contribute to increase the efficiency in the control of diseases.This work aims to reveal control alternatives for foliar diseases through different anti-fungal molecules applied in pre-flowering in the linseed crop. The experiment took place in the experimental area of Escola Fazenda, UNIJUÍ, located in the municipality of Augusto Pestana (RS). The experimental design used randomized blocks, with ten fungicide treatments in foliar application and three replications, totaling 30 experimental units. In the useful area of ​​each experimental unit, the following characteristics were measured: plant height, plants per square meter, number of grains per plant, weight of grains per plant, grain yield, normalized green red difference index, green leaf index, spectral saturation index.  The data obtained were submitted to descriptive analysis and to the assumptions of analysis of variance, such as homogeneity of residual variances by Bartlett's test and normality of errors by Shapiro Wilk. Afterwards, analysis of variance was carried out at 5% probability, with the significant variables, Tukey's test of multiple comparison of means was applied at the level of 5% of probability. In order to identify the tendency of association between the characters, Pearson's linear correlation was determined at 5% probability by t test. The active ingredient Pyraclostrobin + Fluxapyroxad can contribute favorably to the maintenance of floral units, capsules and grains per plant. The correct positioning of the use of the molecule is decisive and requires further studies in linseed culture

Semantics in active surveillance for men with localized prostate cancer - results of a modified Delphi consensus procedure

Active surveillance (AS) is broadly described as a management option for men with low-risk prostate cancer, but semantic heterogeneity exists in both the literature and in guidelines. To address this issue, a panel of leading prostate cancer specialists in the field of AS participated in a consensus-forming project using a modified Delphi method to reach international consensus on definitions of terms related to this management option. An iterative three-round sequence of online questionnaires designed to address 61 individual items was completed by each panel member. Consensus was considered to be reached if >= 70% of the experts agreed on a definition. To facilitate a common understanding among all experts involved and resolve potential ambiguities, a face-to-face consensus meeting was held between Delphi survey rounds two and three. Convenience sampling was used to construct the panel of experts. In total, 12 experts from Australia, France, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands, Japan, the UK, Canada and the USA participated. By the end of the Delphi process, formal consensus was achieved for 100% (n = 61) of the terms and a glossary was then developed. Agreement between international experts has been reached on relevant terms and subsequent definitions regarding AS for patients with localized prostate cancer. This standard terminology could support multidisciplinary communication, reduce the extent of variations in clinical practice and optimize clinical decision making.Peer reviewe

Avaliação da fragilidade de idosos em tratamento quimioterápico ambulatorial

Aim: to characterize and verify the fragility of the elderly in outpatient chemotherapy treatment in a university hospital of southern Brazil, and to identify the association between fragility and the following variables: chemotherapeutic effect, treatment time and selfreported diseases. Method: cross-sectional study conducted with 70 elderly in the chemotherapy outpatient, from August to September 2014 by means of Edmonton Frail Scale and characterization form. Results: fifty percent did not present fragility, 31.4% were apparently vulnerable and 18.6% had some level of fragility. Among the frail elderly, 15.7% had mild fragility, 1.4% moderate and 1.4% severe. The association between frailty and self-reported diseases, time of treatment and chemotherapeutic effects was not statistically significant. Conclusion: it was point to applicability of the scale to identify predisposing factors for the fragility syndrome and to enable preventive actions for the elderly in chemotherapeutic treatmentObjetivo: caracterizar y verificar la fragilidad de los ancianos en tratamiento de quimioterapia ambulatoria, en un hospital universitario, en el sur de Brasil, e identificar la asociación entre la fragilidad y las variables de efecto quimioterapéutico, relacionadas al tiempo de tratamiento y la enfermedad auto reporte. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 70 ancianos de un ambulatorio de quimioterapia, entre agosto y septiembre de 2014, a través de la Edmonton Frail Scale y forma de caracterización. Resultados: 50% no presentaron fragilidad, 31,4% eran aparentemente vulnerables y 18,6% tenía algún nivel de fragilidad. Entre los ancianos frágiles 15,7% tenían una fragilidad leve, 1,4% moderada y 1,4% severa. La asociación entre fragilidad y enfermedades auto referidas, y tiempo de tratamiento y efectos quimioterápicos no presentó significancia estadística. Conclusión: se observó la aplicabilidad de la escala para identificar factores predisponentes para el síndrome de fragilidad y viabilizar acciones preventivas a los ancianos en tratamiento quimioterápico.Objetivo: caracterizar e verificar a fragilidade de idosos em tratamento quimioterápico ambulatorial em um Hospital Universitário da região Sul do Brasil e, identificar a associação entre a fragilidade e as variáveis: efeito quimioterápico, tempo de tratamento e doenças autorreferidas. Método: estudo transversal desenvolvido com 70 idosos em um ambulatório de quimioterapia, de agosto a setembro de 2014, por meio da Edmonton Frail Scale e do formulário de caracterização. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences versão 21. Resultados: houve predomínio de idosos do sexo masculino (61,4%), casados (62,8%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (71,4%), com renda mensal de até dois salários mínimos (82,8%) e a metade não apresentava fragilidade (50%). Conclusão: as variáveis analisadas não apresentaram significância, portanto não representam um fator de risco para a fragilidade de idosos em tratamento quimioterápico

Expert consensus document: Semantics in active surveillance for men with localized prostate cancer — results of a modified Delphi consensus procedure

Active surveillance (AS) is broadly described as a management option for men with low-risk prostate cancer, but semantic heterogeneity exists in both the literature and in guidelines. To address this issue, a panel of leading prostate cancer specialists in the field of AS participated in a consensus-forming project using a modified Delphi method to reach international consensus on definitions of terms related to this management option. An iterative three-round sequence of online questionnaires designed to address 61 individual items was completed by each panel member. Consensus was considered to be reached if ≥70% of the experts agreed on a definition. To facilitate a common understanding among all experts involved and resolve potential ambiguities, a face-to-face consensus meeting was held between Delphi survey rounds two and three. Convenience sampling was used to construct the panel of experts. In total, 12 experts from Australia, France, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands, Japan, the UK, Canada and the USA participated. By the end of the Delphi process, formal consensus was achieved for 100% (n = 61) of the terms and a glossary was then developed. Agreement between international experts has been reached on relevant terms and subsequent definitions regarding AS for patients with localized prostate cancer. This standard terminology could support multidisciplinary communication, reduce the extent of variations in clinical practice and optimize clinical decision making

Willingness to pay for multifunctional megaprojects: A stated preference analysis among firms in the Amsterdam Zuidas area

http://hdl.handle.net/1871/1621

Functional mechanisms underlying pleiotropic risk alleles at the 19p13.1 breast-ovarian cancer susceptibility locus

A locus at 19p13 is associated with breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) risk. Here we analyse 438 SNPs in this region in 46,451 BC and 15,438 OC cases, 15,252 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 73,444 controls and identify 13 candidate causal SNPs associated with serous OC (P=9.2 × 10-20), ER-negative BC (P=1.1 × 10-13), BRCA1-associated BC (P=7.7 × 10-16) and triple negative BC (P-diff=2 × 10-5). Genotype-gene expression associations are identified for candidate target genes ANKLE1 (P=2 × 10-3) and ABHD8 (P<2 × 10-3). Chromosome conformation capture identifies interactions between four candidate SNPs and ABHD8, and luciferase assays indicate six risk alleles increased transactivation of the ADHD8 promoter. Targeted deletion of a region containing risk SNP rs56069439 in a putative enhancer induces ANKLE1 downregulation; and mRNA stability assays indicate functional effects for an ANKLE1 3′-UTR SNP. Altogether, these data suggest that multiple SNPs at 19p13 regulate ABHD8 and perhaps ANKLE1 expression, and indicate common mechanisms underlying breast and ovarian cancer risk

The influence of obesity-related factors in the etiology of renal cell carcinoma-A mendelian randomization study.

BACKGROUND: Several obesity-related factors have been associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but it is unclear which individual factors directly influence risk. We addressed this question using genetic markers as proxies for putative risk factors and evaluated their relation to RCC risk in a mendelian randomization (MR) framework. This methodology limits bias due to confounding and is not affected by reverse causation. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Genetic markers associated with obesity measures, blood pressure, lipids, type 2 diabetes, insulin, and glucose were initially identified as instrumental variables, and their association with RCC risk was subsequently evaluated in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 10,784 RCC patients and 20,406 control participants in a 2-sample MR framework. The effect on RCC risk was estimated by calculating odds ratios (ORSD) for a standard deviation (SD) increment in each risk factor. The MR analysis indicated that higher body mass index increases the risk of RCC (ORSD: 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.44-1.70), with comparable results for waist-to-hip ratio (ORSD: 1.63, 95% CI 1.40-1.90) and body fat percentage (ORSD: 1.66, 95% CI 1.44-1.90). This analysis further indicated that higher fasting insulin (ORSD: 1.82, 95% CI 1.30-2.55) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP; ORSD: 1.28, 95% CI 1.11-1.47), but not systolic blood pressure (ORSD: 0.98, 95% CI 0.84-1.14), increase the risk for RCC. No association with RCC risk was seen for lipids, overall type 2 diabetes, or fasting glucose. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides novel evidence for an etiological role of insulin in RCC, as well as confirmatory evidence that obesity and DBP influence RCC risk