Molecular mechanisms of enhanced [18F] fluorodeoxy glucose (FDG) uptake in isochemically injured myocardium: the role of glucose transporter and hexokinase expression. Final technical report for period August 1, 1993--November 30, 1997

We determined that there were no regional differences in GLUT1 or GLUT4 expression in normal dog heart. We demonstrated that glucose uptake was relatively enhanced in regions of severe ischemia in this model. We showed that GLUT1 mRNA and polypeptide expression but not GLUT4 expression were substantially and significantly increased in both ischemic and nonischemic myocardial regions after 6 hours. We also found that GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake induced by ischemia in perfused rat hearts were not inhibited by Wortmannin, a PI3 kinase inhibitor, whereas insulin-stimulatd increases in GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake were inhibited. To determine whether some of the same phenomena occurred in humans with chronic myocardial ischemia, we investigated myocardial GLUT mRNA expression in 11 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. We have cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and tested the effects of several factors including hypoxia and insulin

The deacylase sirtuin 5 reduces malonylation in nonmitochondrial metabolic pathways in diabetic kidney disease

Early diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is marked by dramatic metabolic reprogramming due to nutrient excess, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased renal energy requirements from hyperfiltration. We hypothesized that changes in metabolism in DKD may be regulated by Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5), a deacylase that removes posttranslational modifications derived from acyl-coenzyme A and has been demonstrated to regulate numerous metabolic pathways. We found decreased malonylation in the kidney cortex (∼80% proximal tubules) of type 2 diabetic BKS db/db mice, associated with increased SIRT5 expression. We performed a proteomics analysis of malonylated peptides and found that proteins with significantly decreased malonylated lysines in the db/db cortex were enriched in nonmitochondrial metabolic pathways: glycolysis and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation. To confirm relevance of these findings in human disease, we analyzed diabetic kidney transcriptomic data from a cohort of Southwestern American Indians, which revealed a tubulointerstitial-specific increase in Sirt5 expression. These data were further corroborated by immunofluorescence data of SIRT5 from nondiabetic and DKD cohorts. Furthermore, overexpression of SIRT5 in cultured human proximal tubules demonstrated increased aerobic glycolysis. Conversely, we observed reduced glycolysis with decreased SIRT5 expression. These findings suggest that SIRT5 may lead to differential nutrient partitioning and utilization in DKD. Taken together, our findings highlight a previously unrecognized role for SIRT5 in metabolic reprogramming in DKD. © 2023 The AuthorsOpen access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]