Las concepciones sobre la competencia deportiva y los objetivos de logro

El objetivo de esta investigación fue examinar las relaciones entre las concepciones acerca de la naturaleza de la competencia deportiva y los objetivos de logro en dos muestras de individuos con diferentes relaciones con el deporte. En el primer estudio participaron 498 atletas federados de ambos sexos (396 varones y 102 mujeres), con edades entre los 12 y los 33 años. En lo segundo estudio participaron 576 estudiantes (309 varones y 268 mujeres), con edades entre los 12 y los 17 años, que practicaban deporte pero no de modo competitivo. Las concepciones sobre la naturaleza de la competencia deportiva fueran evaluadas por el Conception of the Nature of Athletic Ability Questionnaire (CNAAQ; Sarrazin et al., 1995) y los objetivos de logro fueran evaluados por el Task and Ego in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ; Duda & Nicholls, 1989). La relación entre las seis dimensiones del CNAAQ (es decir, talento natural, mejorable, estable, específica, aprendizaje, y general) y las dos dimensiones del TEOSQ (tarea y ego) se investigó usando el análisis de la correlación canónica que identificó en los dos estudios las dos mismas correlaciones canónicas estadísticamente significativas. La primera función canónica reveló que los atletas que creían más en que la habilidad deportiva es una consecuencia del aprendizage, mejorable, y específico tendían a ser más orientados a la tarea. La segunda función canónica mostró que los atletas que creían más en que la habilidad deportiva es un talento natural, estable, y general tendian a ser más orientados al ego. Las implicaciones motivacionales y comportamentales de las dos funciones parecen ser completamente distintas. Mientras la primera parece constituirse como adaptativa a una práctica deportiva regular y sistematica la segunda parece implicar exactamente lo opuesto.The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationships between the conceptions about the nature of the sport competence with the achievement goal orientations among two samples with different relationships with sport. In the first study participated 498 male (396) and female (102) competitive athletes, aged 12-33 years. In the second study participated 576 male (309) and female (268) students, aged 12-17 years, that practise sport but not in a competitive way. The conceptions about the nature of the sport competence were measured by the Conception of the Nature of Athletic Ability Questionnaire (CNAAQ; Sarrazin et al., 1995) and the achievement goal orientations were measured by the Task and Ego in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ; Duda & Nichols, 1989). The relationships between the six dimensions of the CNAAQ (i.e., natural gift, incremental, stable, specific, learning, and general) and the two dimensions of the TEOSQ (task and ego) were investigated using a canonical correlation analysis, which identified in both studies the same two statistically significant canonical correlations. The first canonical function revealed that athletes with the highest beliefs that sport competence is learnable, incremental, and specific tended to be more task oriented. The second canonical function showed that athletes with the highest beliefs that sport competence is a natural gift, stable, and general tended to be more goal oriented. The motivational and behavioral implications of the two functions seem to be completely different. While the first seems to be adapted to a regular and systematic sport practice, the second seems to imply precisely the opposite

Adaptive collocation methods for the numerical solution of differential models

A PDE integration algorithm that associates a Method of Lines (MOL) strategy based on finite differences or high resolution space discretizations, with a collocation strategy based on increasing level one or two-dimensional dyadic grids is presented. It reveals potential either as a grid generation procedure for predefined steep localised functions, and as an integration scheme for moving steep gradient PDE problems, namely 1D and 2D Burgers equations. Therefore, it copes satisfactorily with an example characterized by a steep 2D travelling wave and an example characterised by a forming steep travelling shock, which confirms its flexibility in dealing with diverse types of problems, with reasonable demands of computational effort

Application of adaptive methods based on finite difference discretizations to systems of PDAEs

In this paper two adaptive algorithms are presented for the solution of systems of evolutive one-dimensional Partial Differential/ AIgebraic Equations (PDAEs). A spatial discretization based on finite difference approximations on arbitrarily spaced grids: transforms the original problem in a set of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs), solved via an implicit integrator package (DASSL). The temporal integration is coupled with a spatial adapting strategy. The identification of the spatial subdomains: where the introduction of grid adaptivity is needed, is done through the comparison of the solutions computed with two fixed grids of different sizes. The subproblems generated are solved by two adaptive strategies: the Grid Refinement Method (GRM), that refines the subgrids detected in the previous step, and the Moving Mesh Method (MMM), that includes an additional differential equation for the nodal mobility in each original subproblem. In this paper, these algorithms were successfully applied to the solution of two problems: an isothermal tubular reactor model and a fiame propagation system described by two PDEs referring to fuel mass density and temperature dynamics. The performance of each algorithm is compared to the results obtained by Duarte [1], based on the application of a formulation of the Moving Finite Elements Method, with cubic Hermite polynomials approximations. The MMM algorithm revealed its robustness in dealing with the chosen models. The GRM algorithm originated poorer results, mainly due to errors associated with the boundary conditions procedure

Adaptive collocation methods for the solution of partial differential equations

An integration algorithm that conjugates a Method of Lines (MOL) strategy based on finite differences space discretizations, with a collocation strategy based on increasing level dyadic grids is presented. It reveals potential either as a grid generation procedure and a Partial Differential Equation(PDE) integration scheme. It copes satisfactorily with a example characterized by a steep travelling wave and a example that presented a forming steep shock, which demonstrates its versatility in dealing with different types of steep moving front problems, exhibiting features like advection-diffusion, widely common in the standard Chemical Processes simulation models

Application of adaptive methods based on finite difference discretizations in the simulation of a tubular reactor system

In this paper two adaptive algorithms are presented for the solution of systems of evolutive one-dimensional Partial Differential/ Algebraic Equations (PDAEs). The temporal integration is coupled with a spatial adapting strategy. The identification of the spatial subdomains. where a regridding technique is introduced, is done through the comparison of the solutions computed with two fixed grids of different sizes. The subproblems generated are solved by two adaptive strategies: the Grid Refinement Method (GRM), that promotes the refinement of the subgrids detected in the previous step, and the Moving Mesh Method (MMM) includes an additional differential equation for the nodal mobility. The two algorithms proposed were successfully applied to the solution of an nonisothermal tubular reactor pseudo-homogeneous model described by two PDEs referring to reagent concentration and system temperature dynamics. The performance of each algorithm is compared to the results obtained by [3], based on the application of a formulation of the Moving Finite Elements Method, with cubic Hermite polynomials approximations

Identification of microservices from monolithic applications through topic modelling

Dissertação de mestrado em Informatics EngineeringMicroservices emerged as one of the most popular architectural patterns in the recent years given the increased need to scale, grow and flexibilize software projects accompanied by the growth in cloud computing and DevOps. Many software applications are being submitted to a process of migration from its monolithic architecture to a more modular, scalable and flexible architecture of microservices. This process is slow and, depending on the project’s complexity, it may take months or even years to complete. This dissertation proposes a new approach on microservices identification by resorting to topic modelling in order to identify services according to domain terms. This approach in combination with clustering techniques produces a set of services based on the original software. The proposed methodology is implemented as an open-source tool for exploration of monolithic architectures and identification of microservices. An extensive quantitative analysis using the state of the art metrics on independence of functionality and modularity of services was conducted on 200 open-source projects collected from GitHub. Cohesion at message and domain level metrics showed medians of roughly 0.6. Interfaces per service exhibited a median of 1.5 with a compact interquartile range. Structural and conceptual modularity revealed medians of 0.2 and 0.4 respectively. Further analysis to understand if the methodology works better for smaller/larger projects revealed an overall stability and similar performance across metrics. Our first results are positive demonstrating beneficial identification of services due to overall metrics’ results.Os microserviços emergiram como um dos padrões arquiteturais mais populares na atualidade dado o aumento da necessidade em escalar, crescer e flexibilizar projetos de software, acompanhados da crescente da computação na cloud e DevOps. Muitas aplicações estão a ser submetidas a processos de migração de uma arquitetura monolítica para uma arquitetura mais modular, escalável e flexivel de microserviços. Este processo de migração é lento, e dependendo da complexidade do projeto, poderá levar vários meses ou mesmo anos a completar. Esta dissertação propõe uma nova abordagem na identificação de microserviços recorrendo a modelação de tópicos de forma a identificar serviços de acordo com termos de domínio de um projeto de software. Esta abordagem em combinação com técnicas de clustering produz um conjunto de serviços baseado no projeto de software original. A metodologia proposta é implementada como uma ferramenta open-source para exploração de arquiteturas monolíticas e identificação de microserviços. Uma análise quantitativa extensa recorrendo a métricas de independência de funcionalidade e modularidade de serviços foi conduzida em 200 aplicações open-source recolhidas do GitHub. Métricas de coesão ao nível da mensagem e domínio revelaram medianas em torno de 0.6. Interfaces por serviço demonstraram uma mediana de 1.5 com um intervalo interquartil compacto. Métricas de modularidade estrutural e conceptual revelaram medianas de 0.2 e 0.4 respetivamente. Uma análise mais aprofundada para tentar perceber se a metodologia funciona melhor para projetos de diferentes dimensões/características revelaram uma estabilidade geral do funcionamento do método. Os primeiros resultados são positivos demonstrando identificações de serviços benéficos tendo em conta que os valores das métricas são de uma forma global positivos e promissores

Financial constraints and firm post-entry performance

Firms finance production by internally generated funds and external loans. The benefits of leverage, however, come with a cost. This cost is related to the uncertainty banks face about the firm's quality and output price. As time evolves banks learn about the firm and adjust the terms of the loan contract. Because of this, firms do not have equal access to credit: small, young firms face greater binding debt constraints than more mature firms with well-known prospects. The firm survival rate, as well as the firm rate of growth, are, therefore, important issues in analyzing firm post-entry performance.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

1D and 2D modeling and simulation of radial combustion propagation on Fe 2O 3/Al thermite systems

In previous works, a one-dimensional model was built to simulate the nonsteady radial combustion propagation on thin disk-shaped samples of Fe2O3/aluminum thermite mixtures and was successfully tested. Now, the purpose is to extend the referred model to the more sensible two-dimensional features of the samples, maintaining the main characteristics of the previous model: zero-order kinetics, conductive/radiative heat transfer, assumption of phase transitions, temperature and composition dependency for all system properties during propagation. Therefore, an adaptive numerical algorithm that conjugates a method of lines (MOL) strategy based on finite differences space discretizations, with a collocation scheme based on increasing level dyadic grids is applied for the solution of the problem. The particular integration method proves to cope satisfactorily with the steep traveling thermal wave in 1D and 2D spatial domains, either for trivial uniform mixing conditions, as in complex examples developed to feature more sophisticated circumstances, such as nonhomogeneous reactant mixing, which realistically replicate the observed experimental conditions

Modeling and simulation of radial combustion propagation of Fe2O3/Al thermite systems

In previous works, a one-dimensional model was built to simulate the non-steady radial combustion propagation on thin disk shaped samples of Fe2O3/Aluminum thermite mixtures and was successfully tested. Now, the purpose is to extend the referred model to the more sensible two-dimensional features of the samples, maintaining the main characteristics of the previous model: zero order kinetics, conductive/radiative heat transfer, assumption of phase transitions, temperature and composition variation of all system properties during propagation. Therefore, an adaptive numerical algorithm that conjugates a Method of Lines (MOL) strategy based on finite differences space discretizations, with a collocation scheme based on increasing level dyadic grids is applied for the solution of the problem. The model validation implies the comparison of numerical results with available experimental data obtained in similar conditions. Thus, the particular integration method proves to cope satisfactorily with the steep travelling thermal wave in 1D and 2D spatial domain supports, either for trivial uniform mixing conditions, as in complex examples developed to feature more sophisticated circumstances, such as non-homogeneous reactant mixing, and selective pseudo-random directional flame extinction, which realistically replicate the observed experimental phenomena