Evaluation of a Recreational Lake Rehabilitation Project

Lake Herman, a recreational, shallow, warm water prairie lake near Madison, South Dakota drain in extensively cultivated watershed and acts as a siltation basin for a chain of four lakes. The lake is more than half silted in and since 1968 various rehabilitation efforts have been made, including the construction of silt traps and lake dredging. Continuation of the monitoring of twenty plus chemical levels and biological populations of green algae, blue-green algae and diatoms has revealed two major changes: (1) ortho phosphate and total phosphorus levels (which increased markedly with the beginning of dredging) have decreased since dredging has ceased, and (2) other parameters including conductivity, chloride, hardness, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium have been gradually increasing since 1968. The former change is probably a direct consequence of dredging and the discontinuation of dredging, but the latter change is more likely to have resulted from natural aging of the lake. Lake bottom core samples show a pattern of decreasing levels of extractable and total phosphorus with depth. Silt deposit area cores, however, show no consistent variation of phosphorus with depth, and furthermore have significantly lower levels of extractable phosphorus than the upper portion of the lake cores. These observations lend credence to the hypothesis that the increased lake level of phosphorus which occurred with the commencement of dredging activity was the direct result of mechanical mixing of lake water and lake bottom silt. Measurement of the silt depth at forty sites in Lake Herman and comparison of these measurements with those taken at the same sites in 1967 have revealed that the silt volume of the lake has increased by 2,022 acre feet or 23.8% during the eight years from 1967 to 1975. Experiments done with wheat and barley indicate that the lake silt supports the growth of these grains better than any of the four standard soil types under cultivation on the lake watershed

The Contribution of Outdoor Recreation on Rural Property Sales in Mississippi

To estimate the contribution of outdoor recreation on rural property sales in Mississippi, information was collected from lenders and appraisers associated with the Federal Land Bank, Mossy Oak Properties, and Rutledge Investment Company on properties sold from 2003-2008 in three regions of Mississippi: Mississippi Delta/Hills Region, North Mississippi Region and South Mississippi Region. Property sales information was collected on 102,747 hectares (ha) of rural properties valued at $475.1 million. Hedonic regression analysis was used to quantify the contribution of outdoor recreation on Total Sale Value (TSV). Outdoor recreation contributed$160.6 million of the TSV. Forests comprised 71% of land coverage statewide. Attributes that were related to TSV statewide were row crop lands, bottomland hardwood forests, mixed pine-hardwood forests, planted pine forests, pasture/fallow fields, natural pine forests, upland hardwood forests, cutover woodland forests, and overnight sleeping quarters. Attributes related to TSV varied across the three regions. Statewide, hunting was expected to be conducted on at least 96% of the properties sold. In the Mississippi Delta/Hills Region, outdoor recreation contributed the greatest percent increase in land value (55.4%) and properties leased for a greater value ($58.70 per ha). Information provided by this study will encourage rural property owners to justify enhancements of wildlife habitats, provide recreational opportunities, and enhance their income. Rural land appraisers will use the information to appraise lands more accurately, and resource and regulatory agencies will use it to protect wetlands and other sensitive lands or mitigate for adverse impacts

Selectivity in Imaging the First Emperor

The story of Qin may vaunt grandiose armies and new empires that encompass all under heaven, but it also extends to more humble images: Li Si, [the chief minister of Qin], was a man of Shangcai in Chu. In his youth, when he was a minor clerk in the province, he noticed rats eating filth in the latrines of the clerks’ hostel; and if they approached a man or dog, they were generally scared of them. But when Si entered a granary, he observed that the rats in the granary were eating the stored-up grain, living underneath the main chamber of the granary, and not being worried by either man or dog. At this Li Si sighed and said: “A man’s status is just the same as with rats. It simply depends on where one locates oneself!” Excavated Qin legal statutes indeed allude to granary rodent problems in which three mouse holes equated with one rat hole, two rat holes warranted a beating and three or more a fine.[1] Yet the opportunist rat in these opening lines of the chief minister’s biography is intended to characterize the political entrepreneur Li Si in the Warring States Period (481-221 B.C.E.), an era that marked the end of the Zhou Dynasty (1122-256 B.C.E.). The biography’s author, Sima Qian, would elsewhere extend this trait of opportunism to the new ruler whom Li Si would serve. That is, Sima Qian took a dim view of the First Emperor of Qin and his advisors in general – much dimmer than does modern popular culture – and he brands the ruler as a cruel charlatan who, like Li Si, simply put himself in the right place at the right time.[2] Both Li Si and the First Emperor merely took advantage of the situation and didn’t endeavor to nourish the people through moral rectitude

Incapacity and the Infancy Illation

As the population of elderly Americans swells in coming decades, growing numbers of citizens will experience some degree of cognitive incapacity and require the assistance of surrogate decision-makers. Consequently, the decisions of guardians, conservators, and agents will become increasingly important. Experts have frequently noted that, despite modern reforms, doctrines concerning surrogate decision-making are problematic and often do not result in outcomes that maximize autonomy and promote respect for the unique personhood of the adult with diminished capacity. Unlike other writings that seek to refashion or clarify surrogate decision-making statutes and standards, this Article suggests that a more fundamental problem lies in our inherent, if unwitting, tendency to infantilize the elderly and other adults with diminished capacity. Until we acknowledge and examine our biases and prejudices about age and incapacity, we as surrogate decision-makers will continue to make unfortunate choices for those whom we seek to assist, regardless of definitional changes in decision-making statutes and standards

Farm and Home Research: 52-1

In this Issue: [Page] 1- Director’s comments [Page] 2- Ag Communications [Page] 3- Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering [Page] 4- Animal and Range Science [Page] 5- Biology and Microbiology [Page] 6- Chemistry and Biochemistry [Page] 7- Dairy Science [Page] 8- Economics [Page] 9 – College of Family and Consumer Sciences [Page] 10- Horticulture, Forestry, Landscape and Parks [Page] 11 – Plant Science [Page] 12- Rural Sociology [Page] 13- Veterinary Science [Page] 14-Wildlife and Fisheries [Page] 15- Service Labs [Page] 19- Out-State Stations [Page] 113th Annual Repor

Knowledge, Perception, and Clinical Management Strategies of US Pediatric Dentists on Molar Incisor Hypomineralization

Purpose: The purpose of this cross-sectional, survey-based study is to determine current US pediatric dentists’ knowledge, perceptions, and clinical management strategies for patients with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH). Methods: Following appropriate protocol and authorizations, all active pediatric dentists, general dentists, and post-doctoral student members identified by the 2020 American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry’s membership list were invited to partake in an anonymous email survey. Data regarding participants sociodemographic, education, and clinical backgrounds were collected in addition to information obtained from MIH-focused questions. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used to compare and analyze data. A significance level was set at 0.05. Results: A total of 594 out of 6623 responses were received (9%). Almost all participants have encountered MIH (98%). Majority (66%) reported a prevalence rate of Conclusion: MIH is a well-recognized dental condition by U.S. pediatric dentists. Discrepancies and challenges identified in treatment interventions and management strategies, paired with low confidence levels regarding treatment necessitate the need for continued research and subsequent training of dental practitioners involving MIH

A Methodology for Evaluating the Role and Impact of Planning Support System Technologies and Scientific Information in a Planning and/or Decision-Making Process

This thesis focuses on the application of scientific information and planning support system (PSS) technologies to community planning and decision-making processes. Years of scientific research and recent technologicaladvances have produced a wealth of information and increased accessibility to this information. Technological advances have also enhanced the types of analysis that can be done to support planning and decision-making processes. However, having the capability to access this wealth of information and perform advanced analyses does not necessarily mean it results in incorporation of the data and analysis into. the planning or decision-making process. The main objective of this research is to devise a methodology to evaluate the role and impact of PSS technologies and scientific information on community level planning and decision-making processes. The methodology consists of six areas of focus: (l) issue of concern; (2) characteristics of the planning and decision-making process; (3) relevance of science to the issue; (4) capabilities ofthe PSS system; (5) roles and capabilities of the planners and decision-makers; and (6) impact of the science. The methodology is applied to Walden, Tennessee as the town goes through the process of creating a conservation-oriented zoning ordinance