412 research outputs found

    Cinema, the Body and Embodiment

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    Crossing Borders, Establishing Dialogues

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    UIDB/00183/2020 UIDP/00183/2020publishersversionpublishe

    Purification and biochemical/molecular characterisation of antimicrobial peptides produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and evaluation of their mode of action

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    Doutoramento em Engenharia Alimentar / Instituto Superior de AgronomiaThe antagonistic effect exerted by Saccharomyces cerevisiae against other microbial species during wine fermentations was recently ascribed to its capacity to secrete antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The main goal of the present work was to purify, identify and characterize those AMPs. Firstly, the AMPs were purified by means of chromatographic techniques (sizeexclusion and ion-exchange) and then characterized regarding their amino acid sequence, codifying genes and antimicrobial/biochemical properties. Analysis of the purified AMPs by mass spectrometry revealed that the natural biocide is mainly composed by two peptides (AMP1 and AMP2/3) derived from the isoenzymes of the glycolytic protein glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). The spectrum of action of the naturally-excreted AMPs, which we named saccharomycin, is wide and includes several wine-related non-Saccharomyces yeasts, such as Hanseniaspora guilliermondii, Torulaspora delbrueckii, Kluyveromyces marxianus, Lachancea thermotolerans and Dekkera bruxellensis, as well as bacteria such as Oenococcus oeni. The antimicrobial effect of saccharomycin is significantly higher than that of synthetic analogues (AMP1 and AMP2/3) and depends on their complementary action and relative proportion. The mode of action of the AMPs was evaluated against sensitive yeast cells. The AMPs induce cell membrane permeabilization, loss of pH homeostasis and increase/decrease of H+-influx/-efflux. They also induce cell molecular markers typical of death by apoptosis in H. guilliermondii. Our work also revealed the accumulation of these GAPDHderived peptides on the surface of stationary-grown (48 h) cells of S. cerevisiae, which induce death of non-Saccharomyces yeasts (H. guilliermondii and L. thermotolerans) by direct cell-cell contact. Finally, S. cerevisiae strains over-expressing these AMPs prevented growth of D. bruxellensis in co-fermentations, decreasing the levels of sulphur dioxide needed to control wine spoilage. Thus, the potential of these AMPs to be used as biopreservative in wine seems promisingN/

    Editorial

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    Editorial

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    Portuguese Cinema and Philosophy

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    UID/FIL/00183/2013publishersversionpublishe

    (Re)Thinking Islamic Imagery

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    UID/FIL/00183/2013publishersversionpublishe

    Cinema Português e Filosofia

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    UID/FIL/00183/2013publishersversionpublishe

    A odisseia da transformação do Direito da Família (1974-2010): um contributo da Sociologia Política do Direito

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    A odisseia da transformação e da regulação jurídica da família em Portugal segue as tendências europeias, tendo, contudo, começado o seu percurso mais tardiamente, designadamente após 25 de abril de 1974. No presente texto, analisamos, desde 1974 até 2010, as relações entre a transformação socioeconómica das famílias portuguesas e as mudanças e opções políticas dominantes nestas matérias, bem como as decorrentes mutações no Direito da Família ocorridas em Portugal. E concluímos que a vontade de mudança política e as ações político-institucionais são aceleradoras da transformação do Direito da Família, mais do que as mutações das famílias

    Resposta de animais geriátricos à suplementação com levotiroxina sódica

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    Orientação: Lénio Ribeiro ; co-orientação: Ângela MartinsA diminuição dos valores de tiroxina total pode ter uma origem tiroideia ou extra-tiroideia. Com a entrada na geriatria, e perante a doença, o diagnóstico de um hipotiroidismo verdadeiro fica comprometido, pelo que vários estudos têm vindo a ser efectuados com o intuito de compreender as alterações no metabolismo periférico das hormonas tiroideias e as implicações que essas alterações têm a nível dos tecidos. Várias têm sido as propostas da suplementação do doente, sem, no entanto, existir um consenso no que se refere à relevância da mesma para o seu bem-estar. Os objectivos da presente dissertação de mestrado consistiram em avaliar se a suplementação com levotiroxina sódica beneficia clinicamente animais geriátricos e com doenças não tiroideias que apresentem diminuições de tiroxina total associadas a sinais clínicos de quebra metabólica. Com base nesses objectivos, considerou-se uma amostra de 31 cães com idade superior a cinco anos, com doenças concomitantes, que apresentassem valores de tiroxina total baixos ou normal-baixos e sinais clínicos compatíveis com hipotiroidismo à primeira consulta. A suplementação dos animais foi monitorizada em três controlos, nos quais se avaliou a progressão do estado clínico e os valores séricos de tiroxina total de cada animal. Embora a amostra do estudo não tenha sido suficiente para a obtenção de resultados conclusivos do ponto de vista estatístico, verificou-se uma normalização dos valores de tiroxina total associada à melhoria clínica dos animais no primeiro controlo. O sinal clínico letargia foi o que apresentou melhorias mais evidentes, estando de acordo com os objectivos pretendidos e ainda com a capacidade de, na prática clínica, promover um aumento na qualidade de vida dos animais nos critérios referidos.The decrease of total T4 values can have a thyroidal or extra-thyroidal origin. With aging and disease, the diagnosis of a true hypothyroidism may be compromised, and several studies have been carried out to understand the changes in the peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones and the implications that they have in tissues. There have been several proposals for the supplementation in the non-thyroidal illness syndrome, although without consensus in the patient’s well-being. The following work aimed to evaluate if the supplementation with levothyroxine sodium benefits geriatric dogs and dogs with non-thyroidal illnesses that presented low serum thyroxine levels associated to clinical signs of low metabolism. The subjects of the following study consisted in 31 dogs over five years old, with non-thyroidal disease, that presented low to low-normal total thyroxine values and clinical signs of hypothyroidism at the first evaluation. The supplementation was monitored in three follow-ups, in which clinical status and serum levels of thyroxine were evaluated. Although the study didn’t present results statistically conclusive due to a small sample, there was a normalization of the serum thyroxine values and a clinical improvement of most animals in the first follow-up. The clinical sign with better improvement was lethargy, which was the aim of this work, allowing us, in clinical practice, to promote an increased quality of life in animals with this clinical presentation
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