New records for the poorly-known monotypic genera Exallostreptus and Guaporeptus, and a list of species from Mato Grosso state, Brazil (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Spirostreptidae)

New records for the species Exallostreptus vanzolinii Hoffman, 1988 and Guaporeptus paradisius Hoffman, 1988, known only from the state of Rondônia, are made from the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Figures of gonopods, first and second leg-pair of males are provided. In addition, an updated list of 19 Spirostreptidae species from Mato Grosso is provided, with the species Plusioporus salvadorii, Trichogonostreptus (Oreastreptus) mattogrossensis, and Urostreptus tampiitauensis widely distributed in the state

Annotated checklist of the millipede family Chelodesmidae Cook, 1895 from São Paulo state, Brazil (Diplopoda: Polydesmida)

A checklist of the family Chelodesmidae Cook, 1895 (order Polydesmida) from state of São Paulo, Brazil has been performed based on literature and examined material from the collection of the Instituto Butantan, São Paulo (IBSP). A total of 15 genera (7 tribes and 5 genera considered incertae sedis) with 64 species are listed. Among these species, 30 presented a single one record in the state, 19 with more than one record and four recorded for the first time for the state of São Paulo, and 11 species occurring in other Brazilian states. The most distributed species is Brasilodesmus paulistus paulistus (Brölemann, 1902) with 52 records of occurrence. In addition, a complete bibliography list of the chelodesmidan fauna from the state is compiled, as well as distribution maps for all species are provided

Revisão e análise cladística de Arthrosolaenomeridini Hoffman, 1976 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae)

Chelodesmidae is one of the most diverse family belonging to Polydesmida, comprising almost 800 described species distributed in 172 genera, 20 tribes and two subfamilies. Among the tribes within the Neotropical subfamily Chelodesminae, Arthrosolaenomeridini represents a very interesting group occurring in the Central-West region of Brazil. Currently the tribe contains three genera: Arthrosolaenomeris Schubart, 1943, Gangugia Schubart, 1947, and Angelodesmus Schubart, 1962. In this study, we conducted a cladistic analysis including 18 species of Arthrosolaenomeridini and 7 species of other associated Chelodesminae tribes as an outgroup. The matrix is composed of 64 morphological characters, 39 characteres are herein proposed for the first time and 25 characters were scored based on the previous cladistic analysis for Chelodesmidae groups. The data was analyzed under the parsimony criterion, using TNT 1.5. Based on the results, Arthrosolaenomeridini was recovered as monophyletic with Macrocoxodesmini + Telonychopodini as sister group. The genera Arthrosolaenomeris Schubart, 1943 and Gangugia Schubart, 1947 was recovered as monophyletic. The genus Angelodesmus Schubart, 1962 was recovered as paraphyletic and redefined as monotypic. The tribe is now composed by the genera Arthrosolaenomeris Schubart, 1943 (6 spp.), Gangugia Schubart, 1947 (6 spp.), Angelodesmus Schubart, 1962 (monotypic), Abiliodesmus gen. nov. (4 spp.) and Folcloredesmus gen. nov. (monotypic). The resulting synapomorphies for the tribe are: presence of lateral macrosetae, in mesal aspect, in gonocoxae; telopodite with a cingulum on the lateral margin and solenomere as a single branch. In addition, we conduct a taxonomic revision of the tribe Arthrosolaenomeridini. We provided in this study detailed redescriptions, drawings and distribution maps for all species and genera, as well for the two new genera and the ten new species. Two new genera are described: Abiliodesmus gen. nov and Folcloredesmus gen. nov; as well ten new species: Arthrosolaenomeris saci sp. nov.; A. curupira sp. nov.; A. caipora sp. nov.; A. iara sp. nov.; Gangugia boitata sp. nov.; G. cuca sp. nov.; G. boto sp. nov.; G. mula sp. nov.; Abiliodesmus mapinguari sp. nov. and Folcloredesmus thomasi sp. nov. In addition, we include an identification key to all the genera and species of ArthrosolaenomeridiniChelodesmidae é uma das famílias mais diversas de Polydesmida, compreendendo cerca de 800 espécies descritas, distribuídas em 172 gêneros, 20 tribos e duas subfamílias. Entre as tribos que compõem a subfamília Neotropical Chelodesminae, Arthrosolaenomeridini representa um grupo extremamente interessante que ocorre na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Atualmente, a tribo contém três gêneros: Arthrosolaenomeris Schubart, 1943, Gangugia Schubart, 1947, e Angelodesmus Schubart, 1962. Neste estudo, realizamos uma análise cladística incluindo 18 espécies de Arthrosolaenomeridini e 7 espécies de outras tribos de Chelodesminae associadas como grupo externo. A matriz é composta por 64 caracteres morfológicos, 39 caracteres são aqui propostos pela primeira vez e 25 caracteres foram selecionados com base em análises cladísticas anteriores para outros grupos de Chelodesmidae. Os dados foram analisados sob o critério de parcimônia, utilizando TNT 1.5. Com base nos resultados, Arthrosolaenomeridini foi recuperado como monofilético com Macrocoxodesmini + Telonychopodini como grupo irmão. Os gêneros Arthrosolaenomeris Schubart, 1943 e Gangugia Schubart, 1947 foram recuperados como monofiléticos. O gênero Angelodesmus Schubart, 1962 foi recuperado como parafilético e redefinido como monotípico. A tribo agora é composta pelos gêneros Arthrosolaenomeris Schubart, 1943 (6 spp.), Gangugia Schubart, 1947 (6 spp.), Angelodesmus Schubart, 1962 (monotípico), Abiliodesmus gen. nov. (4 spp.) e Folcloredesmus gen. nov. (monotípico). As sinapomorfias resultantes para a tribo são: presença de macrosetas laterais, em aspecto mesal, nas gonocoxas; telopódito com um cingulum na margem lateral e solenômero como um único ramo. Além disso, foi realizada a revisão taxonômica da tribo Arthrosolaenomeridini. São fornecidas neste estudo redescrições detalhadas, desenhos e mapas de distribuição para todas as espécies e gêneros, bem como para os dois novos gêneros e as dez novas espécies. Dois novos gêneros são descritos: Abiliodesmus gen. nov e Folcloredesmus gen. nov; bem como dez novas espécies: Arthrosolaenomeris saci sp. Nov.; A. curupira sp. nov.; A. caipora sp. nov.; A. iara sp. nov.; Gangugia boitatá sp. nov.; G. cuca sp. nov.; G. boto sp. nov.; G. mula sp. nov.; Abiliodesmus mapinguari sp. nov. e Folcloredesmus thomasi sp. nov. Além disso, foram incluídas chaves de identificação para todos os gêneros e espécies de Arthrosolaenomeridin

Pseudonannolene Silvestri 1895

Genus <i>Pseudonannolene</i> Silvestri, 1895 <p> <i>Pseudonannolene</i> Silvestri, 1895a 34: 775.</p> <p> <i>Pseudonannolene</i> – Silvestri 1895b: 7; 1896: 170; 1897a: 651. — Cook 1895: 6. — Brölemann 1902a: 120; 1929: 7. — Carl 1913a: 174; 1914: 855. — Attems 1926: 206. — Verhoeff 1943: 269. — Jeekel 1971: 113. — Mauriès 1977: 248; 1983: 250; 1987: 170. — Hoffman 1980: 91. — Hoffman & Florez 1995: 116. — Hoffman <i>et al.</i> 1996: 14. — Golovatch <i>et al.</i> 2005: 279. — Iniesta & Ferreira 2013a: 92. — Shelley & Golovatch 2015: 7. — Hollier <i>et al</i>. 2017: 218. — Iniesta <i>et al.</i> 2020: 5.</p> Type species <p> <i>Pseudonannolene typica</i> Silvestri, 1895, by subsequent designation (Silvestri 1896: 170).</p> Etymology <p> From the Greek prefix ‘pseudo’ = ‘false, not genuine’, + ‘ <i>nannolene</i> ’, in reference to the apparent similarity with the cambalidean genus <i>Nannolene</i> Bollman, 1887. The name is regarded as a feminine noun.</p> Diagnosis <p> A genus of Pseudonannolenidae easily diagnosed by the presence of a longitudinal suture on the promentum (Fig. 19E–F). Gonopods of <i>Pseudonannolene</i> resemble those of <i>Epinannolene</i> (Pseudonannoleninae) by the presence of rows of papillae on the mesal region of the gonocoxae and by two well-developed distal branches, but differ by the presence of a narrow internal branch enfolding the telopodite basally (Fig. 35A, C, E), vs internal branch parallel to the telopodite in <i>Epinannolene</i>. Females of <i>Pseudonannolene</i> are recognized by the vulvae connecting only distally (Fig. 39A), vs vulvae connected along their entire mesal portion in <i>Epinannolene</i>.</p> Redescription <p>MEASUREMENTS. Euanamorphic species, body in adults with 50–81 body rings (1–3 apodous + telson); length 20–137.5 mm; maximum midbody diameter 1.2–6.8 mm.</p> <p>COLOR. Variable, from depigmented (troglomorphic species) (Fig. 18B, E) to darker brown or blackish (Figs 17, 18A–D, F); most species with brownish body and metazonites with a reddish posterior band.</p> <p> HEAD. Slightly convex, with a row of labral setae and 3+3 supralabral setae (Fig. 19A–B); scattered setae on frontal region in <i>P. centralis</i> and <i>P. occidentalis</i> (Fig. 19B). Labrum with three medial teeth (Figs 19A–B, 23A). Antennae usually elongated, slender (Figs 21–22, 163–164); bacilliform setae on antennomere V and VI (Figs 21B–E, 22B–D), and four large apical cones (Figs 21B, D, 22B, E). Ommatidial cluster well-developed; ommatidia depigmented to brownish, elliptical, arranged horizontally in 4–6 rows (Fig. 19D). Mandibular stipes usually with margin narrow; external tooth long, with 2–3 lobes; internal tooth with 4–5 lobes decreasing in size from posterior to anterior (Fig 20C–E); number of pectinate lamellae variable (Fig. 20D–E), fringes positioned basally (Fig. 20E–F). Molar plate with distal transverse groove (Fig. 20A–B, D). Epipharynx with 1+1 lateral keel and one medial keel, long fringes positioned distally; outer and inner subcylindrical palps (Fig. 24).</p> <p> GNATHOCHILARIUM (Figs 19E–F, 167–176). Mentum pentagonal, males with medial depression deeply invaginated; paired projections observed in males of <i>P. bucculenta</i> sp. nov., and long setae in males of <i>P. morettii</i> sp. nov. and <i>P. parvula</i>. Promentum subtriangular, setose, with transverse suture separating it from mentum and a longitudinal suture separating promentum into two equal halves. Lamellae linguales with scattered setae surrounding central pads. Stipes slightly S-shaped, males of some species with distal region swollen (Fig. 108C); number of distal setae variable, stipital spurs absent; with proximal projections bearing setae in males of <i>P. granulata</i> sp. nov. (Figs 175A, 198B) and <i>P. callipyge</i> (Fig. 168D).</p> <p> BODY RINGS. Collum with lateral lobes broadly rounded, densely striated (Fig. 19C); in some species, the lobes are strongly curved ectad (Fig. 66A). Following body rings very faintly constricted between prozonite and metazonite (Figs 26A–B, 27A); prozonites smooth; metazonites laterally with transverse striae below ozopore (Fig. 26C), in some species metazonites are strongly granulated (Fig. 26D). Anterior sternites subrectangular; slightly curved medially (Figs 25A–B, 167–176), in some species with transverse striae. Posterior sternites elliptical (Fig. 25A–B). Spiracles positioned proximally (Fig. 25C–F). Ozopore positioned at midlength of metazonite (Figs 26A–B, E, 27A), ozadene oval (Fig. 27C). Epiproct with rounded tip (Fig. 28A, C); with subtriangular process in <i>P. buhrnheimi</i> and <i>P. granulata</i> sp. nov. (Figs 28D, 53B, 54, 153B). Paraproct with small setae on distal margin (Fig. 28); with projections bearing setae in <i>P. alegrensis</i> (Figs 44B, 202C). Hypoproct subrectangular (Fig. 28A– B). Midbody legs as long as half body diameter; without ventral pads; femur elongated. Prefemur, femur, postfemur, and tibia with long setae on mesal region (Figs 29A–D, 165–166); tarsus densely setose (Fig. 29A–D), with tarsal claw (Fig. 29E).</p> <p> FIRST LEG-PAIR OF MALES. Coxae elongated and setose, ranging from subtriangular (Fig. 30A) to subrectangular shape (Fig. 30B), with the base slightly arched; prefemoral process subcylindrical in most species (Fig. 30A–D), hexagonal in <i>P. erikae</i> (Fig. 30F) or absent in <i>P. anapophysis</i> Fontanetti, 1996 (Fig. 49A–B); densely setose along entire extension or up to median region; remaining podomeres with setae along the mesal region. Tarsal claw present.</p> <p>SECOND LEG-PAIR OF MALES. Coxae fused basally, only distally paired (Fig. 31A); large, rounded or subrectangular-shaped; penis located at the proximal region, rounded (Fig. 31C, F); penial bases fused, extended basally in some species (Fig. 31C). Gonopore positioned distally, with short apical setae (Fig. 31C–F). Prefemur compressed dorsoventrally; remaining podomeres setose, with long setae on the mesal region (Fig. 31B); tarsal claw present.</p> <p>SECOND LEG-PAIR OF FEMALES. Coxae fused basally; large, subrectangular-shaped (Fig. 39A); vulvar sacs large, located basally in anal view (Fig. 39B–C). Prefemur compressed dorsoventrally; remaining podomeres densely setose, with setae on the mesal region (Fig. 39C); tarsal claw present.</p> <p>GONOPODS (Figs 2, 32–36, 38). Gonocoxa elongated, twice as long as telopodite; with base slightly arched; antero-posteriorly flattened; with rows of papillae positioned mesally. A large cavity located mesally on gonocoxa (Fig. 32A–B); with globular projection bearing setae (Fig. 32D–F); seminal groove curved, arising medially on mesal cavity and terminating apically on the seminal apophysis. Shoulder of gonocoxa positioned apically, present in most species. Gonopods distally divided into telopodite and internal branch (Fig. 35A, C, E). Telopodite separated from gonocoxa by shallow furrow; trunk of telopodite glabrous; with rounded laterad projection in some species. Solenomere with squamous surface, rounded apically, without or with subtriangular processes: apicomesal, ectal, and medial (Figs 35, 36A– C, 217); form, length, and position of these processes are variable in most species. Seminal apophysis located at mesal, medial or ectal portion on solenomere. Internal branch located at the base of telopodite, with setae marginally or apically; the form and length of the branch is variable, in some species it is narrow (Fig. 35A), swollen apically (Fig. 35C) or with a horizontal plate (Fig. 222E). Some species with internal branch twisted 180° (Fig. 222D) and with distal projection (Fig. 222F).</p> <p>VULVAE (Figs 40, 177–179). Vulvae embedded behind second leg-pair (Fig. 32A–C). Bursa subtriangular; glabrous (Fig. 32D–F). Internal valve subtriangular; connected with opposite internal valve only distally. Operculum narrow; situated laterally. External valve wide; subtriangular.</p> Distribution <p> Known only from the South American continent, ranging from French Guiana (<i>P. rugosetta</i>) down to southern Argentina (<i>P. patagonica</i> Brölemann, 1902). Despite the wide distribution of the genus throughout the Chacoan biogeographic subregion (sensu Morrone 2014) (Fig. 13), most of the species are narrowly distributed, often known only from the type locality (Figs 180–191).</p> Taxonomic notes <p> For some species described by Silvestri between the years 1895–1902 and collected by Alfredo Borelli in surrounding areas from the rivers Apa and La Plata, the type material was not found in collections where they were supposedly deposited. The same situation has been noted in other millipedes groups (for instance, Chelodesmidae Cook, 1895, Paradoxosomatidae Daday, 1889, Spirostreptidae) and centipedes (Geophilomorpha Pocock, 1895) (Jeekel 1965; Hoffman 1981, 1982; Krabbe 1982; Pena-Barbosa <i>et al.</i> 2013; Calvanese <i>et al.</i> 2019). A list of species described by Silvestri with their respective repositories was compiled by Viggiani (1973), although some species of <i>Pseudonannolene</i> were not listed by the author.</p> Ecological remarks <p> The biology of species of <i>Pseudonannolene</i> is poorly known, with some information restricted to species regarded as agricultural pests or cave-dwelling (Schubart 1942, 1944, 1945a, 1947, 1949, 1958, 1960; Bock & Lordello 1952; Lordello 1954; Freitas <i>et al.</i> 2004; Iniesta & Ferreira 2013a). The available data on the phenology of species suggest that they tend to have a predilection to warm and humid periods, varying from a subtropical climate to tropical in the Chacoan subregion (Fig. 13).</p> <p> The species <i>P. paulista</i> Brölemann, 1902 and <i>P. tricolor</i> have been reported to feed on potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.), melon (<i>Cucumis melo</i> L.), and beet (<i>Beta</i> spp. L.) (Bock & Lordello 1952; Lordello 1954). In addition to <i>P. ophiiulus</i> Schubart, 1944, these species have been also observed in second-growth forests, <i>Eucalyptus</i> spp. and <i>Musa</i> spp., and in open areas with a predominance of shrub species (Schubart 1944, 1945a). The species <i>P. leucomelas</i> has been recorded only from growing areas in northwestern Mato Grosso, Brazil (Schubart 1944), while <i>P. leucocephalus</i> Schubart, 1944, <i>P. silvestris</i> Schubart, 1944, and <i>P. urbica</i> Schubart, 1945 have been found in any area with availability of organic deposits (Schubart 1944, 1945a). The species <i>P. alegrensis</i>, <i>P. leucocephalus</i>, <i>P. ophiiulus</i>, <i>P. paulista</i>, <i>P. silvestris</i>, <i>P. tricolor</i>, and <i>P. urbica</i> are also reported in man-made and disturbed habitats such as houses, gardens, farms, and roadsides (Silvestri 1897c; Schubart 1944, 1945a, 1949; Bock & Lordello 1952).</p> <p> Most species of <i>Pseudonannolene</i> are found in outcrops of limestone rocks (Trajano 1987; Trajano & Gnaspini-Netto 1991; Pinto-da-Rocha 1995; Fontanetti 1996; Trajano <i>et al.</i> 2000; Freitas <i>et al</i>. 2004; Iniesta & Ferreira 2014; Gallo & Bichuette 2019). The species <i>P. ambuatinga</i>, <i>P. lundi</i> Iniesta & Ferreira, 2015, and <i>P. spelaea</i> are restricted to caves, presenting troglomorphisms such as depigmentation and body size reduction (Iniesta & Ferreira 2013 a, 2015). The troglophilic species <i>P. microzoporus</i>, <i>P. robsoni</i>, and <i>P. tocaiensis</i> Fontanetti, 1996 have been found near vegetal debris (for instance, rotten trunks and litter) or guano of <i>Desmodus rotundus</i> (Geoffroy, 1810) (Chiroptera) inside caves, while <i>P. robsoni</i>, <i>P. leopoldoi</i> Iniesta & Ferreira, 2014, and <i>P. callipyge</i> Brölemann, 1902 (Fig. 17B–C) have been commonly observed feeding on fungi and organic debris in aphotic zones and cave entrances.</p>Published as part of <i>Iniesta, Luiz Felipe Moretti, Bouzan, Rodrigo Salvador & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2023, A reassessment of the Neotropical genus Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895: cladistic analysis, biogeography, and taxonomic review (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae), pp. 1-312 in European Journal of Taxonomy 867 (1)</i> on pages 16-18, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.867.2109, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7891021">http://zenodo.org/record/7891021</a&gt

Leiodesmus Silvestri 1897

<i>Leiodesmus</i> sp. <p>BRAZIL • 1 ♂; Mato Grosso do Sul, Miranda, Fazenda Cayman; 20°14′27″ S, 56°22′42″ W; Oct. 1992; A. Eterovic coll.; IBSP1080.</p>Published as part of <i>Bouzan, Rodrigo Salvador, Iniesta, Luiz Felipe Moretti & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2019, Cladistic analysis and description of a new species of the Brazilian genus Atlantodesmus Hoffman, 2000 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae), pp. 1-17 in European Journal of Taxonomy 538</i> on page 15, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.538, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3346493">http://zenodo.org/record/3346493</a&gt

Gangugia Schubart 1947

<i>Gangugia</i> Schubart, 1947 <p> <i>Gangugia</i> Schubart, 1947: 7.</p> <p> Type species: <i>G. tapirapensis</i> Schubart, 1947, by original designation; Schubart, 1958: 205; Jeekel, 1971: 264; Hoffman, 1976: 177; Hoffman, 1980: 151.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b>. Males of <i>Gangugia</i> differ from those of other Arthrosolaenomeridini genera by the combination of the following characters: gonocoxae globose (Fig. 32B); prefemoral process 225° descending in its initial portion (Fig. 12D) (except <i>G. cuca</i> <b>n. sp.</b>); prefemoral process narrow and sharply curved, in ventral view (Fig. 12E).</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> <i>General characters</i>: Body length between 39.07 mm (<i>G. boitata</i> <b>n. sp.</b>) and 69.42 mm (<i>G. mula</i> <b>n. sp.</b>). Coloration (specimens long preserved in 70% ethanol) variable between species, ranging from ocher to brown, in general the paranota tip and posterior border of the metaterga slightly whitish (<i>G. cuca</i> <b>n. sp.</b> show the coloration of the prozonite reddish brown). Gnathochilarium: lingual plate covered by several setae; mentum only centrally covered by setae, with smooth edges and stipes sparsely covered. Body rings: cuticle slightly rough; alignment of paranota in posterior view curved ventrally (straight in <i>G. mula</i> <b>n. sp.</b>). Sternite of the fourth segment with a pair of projections, sternite of the fifth segment with two pairs of projections covered with setae and sixth segment with two pairs of intumescences also covered by setae, the posterior pair being less conspicuous; absence of a pair on the seventh sternite (present in <i>G. boto</i> <b>n. sp.</b>) and post-gonopodal sternites with two pairs of small rounded ventral projections (Fig. 30D) (acuminate in <i>G. boitata</i> <b>n. sp.</b>; <i>G. cuca</i> <b>n. sp.</b>). Paranota form: round to slightly rectangular (Figs 12B, 14B). Legs: podomeres without thick ventral setae, dorsal lobe of prefemur conspicuous, ventral projection on the coxae (Fig. 31B) present only in <i>G. boto</i> <b>n. sp.</b> and <i>G.</i> <i>mula</i> <b>n. sp.</b>, presence of granules in the tibia and tarsus (Fig. 31F) (absent in <i>G. cuca</i> <b>n. sp.</b>) and a ventroapical projection in the prefemur of the postgonopod legs (Fig. 31E).</p> <p> <i>Male characters</i>: Leg pair of the third body ring with the coxae presenting the rectangular genital papilla. Posterior edge of the gonopod aperture excavated and smooth. Gonopods: gonocoxae equivalent to about half the length of the telopodite, globose, without a spiniform process. Prefemoral process (Figs 12D–F): elongate and thin, completely covering the solenomere in ectal view (except in <i>G. simplex</i> and <i>G. cuca</i> <b>n. sp.</b>) presence of a dorsobasal process (rounded in <i>Gangugia tapirapensis, G. boto</i> <b>n. sp.,</b> <i>G. mula</i> <b>n. sp.</b> and sub-triangular in <i>Gangugia simplex, G. boitata</i> <b>n. sp.,</b> <i>G. cuca</i> <b>n. sp.</b>) and a basal secondary process is present in <i>G. boto</i> <b>n. sp.,</b> <i>G. mula</i> <b>n. sp.</b>). Cingulum in basal position (middle position in <i>G. simplex</i> and <i>G. cuca</i> <b>n. sp.</b>). Solenomere long and thin with a hook-shaped apex (Figs 13D–F).</p> <p> <i>Female characters</i>: Vulvae: oval-shaped. In lateral view: rounded in <i>G. mula</i> <b>n. sp.</b> and rectangular in <i>G. tapirapensis</i>.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> States of Pará, Tocantins, Goiás and Mato Grosso, Brazil (Fig. 18).</p> <p> <b>Composition.</b> <i>Gangugia tapirapensis</i> Schubart, 1947; <i>Gangugia simplex</i> Schubart, 1958; <i>G. boitata</i> <b>n. sp.</b>; <i>G. cuca</i> <b>n. sp.</b>; <i>G. boto</i> <b>n. sp.</b>; <i>G. mula</i> <b>n. sp.</b></p>Published as part of <i>Bouzan, Rodrigo Salvador, Iniesta, Luiz Felipe M. & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2021, Cladistic analysis and taxonomic review of the millipede tribe Arthrosolaenomeridini Hoffman, 1976 (Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae), pp. 201-256 in Zootaxa 4970 (2)</i> on pages 223-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.2.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4761544">http://zenodo.org/record/4761544</a&gt

Atlantodesmus pickeli

<i>Atlantodesmus pickeli</i> (Schubart, 1946) <p>BRAZIL • 1 ♂; São Paulo, São Paulo, Jardim São Bento; 46°38′0″ W, 23°33′0″ S; 1939; Dom B.J. Pickel coll.; IBSP 29 • 1 ♀; same collection data; IBSP 4433.</p>Published as part of <i>Bouzan, Rodrigo Salvador, Iniesta, Luiz Felipe Moretti & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2019, Cladistic analysis and description of a new species of the Brazilian genus Atlantodesmus Hoffman, 2000 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae), pp. 1-17 in European Journal of Taxonomy 538</i> on page 16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.538, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3346493">http://zenodo.org/record/3346493</a&gt

Angelodesmus costalimai Schubart 1962

Angelodesmus costalimai Schubart, 1962 Figures 19, 28 Angelodesmus costalimai Schubart, 1962: 258, figs 3−4. Male holotype from Jataí (17° 52’54”S, 51°42’51”W), Goiás, Brazil, I.1955, M. Carrera coll., deposited in MZSP, examined; Hoffman, 1976: 174. Diagnosis. Same for the genus. Description. Male (Holotype, MZSP). Coloration (long-preserved in 70% ethanol): Head and antennae ocher whitish. Body ocher with the edges of the paranota whitish (Figs 19A–C). Legs whitish. Telson ocher whitish. Total length: 52.69. Total width: 10.5. Collum, length 1.97, width 6.67. Antennomere lengths (1>7): 0.66; 1.74; 1.53; 1.33; 1.29; 1.29; 0.37. Podomeres lengths (1>7): 0.91; 1.13; 2.16; 0.99; 1.28; 1.51; 0.42. Gonopod aperture, length 1.10, width 2.02. Telson, length 1.22. Gonopod: length 2.14, width 1.50. Gonocoxae: length 0.68, width 0.91. Telopodite: length 2.14, width 0.72. Prefemoral process long (size equal to the solenomere), sinuous and narrow, covering the apex of the solenomere (Figs 19D, F). Solenomere long and narrow (Fig. 19D). Cingulum in medial position (Fig. 19F). Apex of the solenomere acuminate and ascending with the terminal zone marked by a stretch mark (Figs 19D, F, arrows). Female. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 28).Published as part of Bouzan, Rodrigo Salvador, Iniesta, Luiz Felipe M. & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2021, Cladistic analysis and taxonomic review of the millipede tribe Arthrosolaenomeridini Hoffman, 1976 (Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae), pp. 201-256 in Zootaxa 4970 (2) on page 234, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/476154

Arthrosolaenomeris iara Bouzan & Iniesta & Brescovit 2021, n. sp.

Arthrosolaenomeris iara n. sp. Figures 9, 10G–H, 11 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: AEBF860A-7309-4E68-BE80-F2A27710CDD0 Type material. Male holotype from Usina Hidrelétrica Guaporé, Vale São Domingos and Pontes de Lacerda (15°11’60”S, 59°22’00”W), Mato Grosso, Brazil, 03.X.2002, G. Marçal coll., deposited in IBSP 1577. Paratypes: one male and one female from Chapada dos Parecis, Diamantino (14°09’43”S, 57°08’01”W), Mato Grosso, Brazil, XI.1993, D. Novais and R. Pardini coll., deposited in IBSP 7537. Additional material. BRAZIL: Mato Grosso: Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade (15°00’00”S, 59°57’00”W), Fazenda Barranco Alto, 4♂, 2♀ and one juvenile, 14.XI.2015, A. Chagas-Jr and A.B. Kury coll. (CZUFMT 841); Porto Esperidião (15°51’11”S, 58°27’36”W), 1♂, 18–22.XII.1976, P.E. Vanzolini coll. (MZSP 1081). Diagnosis. Adult males differ from all other species of the genus by the absence of the secondary process in the prefemoral process (Fig. 9D). Description. Male (Holotype, IBSP 1577). Coloration (long-preserved in 70% ethanol): Head and antennae ochre with the seventh antennomere darker. Body ocher and paranota tip with the same color as the body (Figs 9A– C). Legs ocher whitish. Telson ocher. Total length: 68.40. Total width: 10.13mm. Collum 2.93 length, 9.89 width. Antennomere lengths (1>7): 0.77; 2.12; 1.93; 1.62; 1.70; 1.49; 0.44. Podomeres lengths (1>7): 1.24; 1.70; 2.64; 1.51; 1.96; 2.00; 0.56. Gonopod aperture 2.13 length, 3.83 width. Telson 1.43 length. Gonopod: 2.92 length, 2.90 width. Gonocoxae: 1.18 length, 1.50 width. Telopodite: 2.92 length, 1.48 width. Prefemoral region 1/3 the size of telopodite. Prefemoral process long and acute, starting from an angle of 180°, ascending parallel to the solenomere and partially covering it in mesal view (Fig. 9D). Solenomere long, wide in the middle zone due to the presence of the cingulum and narrowing at the apex (Fig. 9F). Cingulum in medial position (Fig. 9F). Apex of the solenomere abruptly descending (Fig. 9D). Female (paratype, IBSP 7537). Body as in male, except for sternites with triangular projections, legs showing dorsal projections not conspicuous and without granules. Total length: 69.42. Total width: 9.49. Collum 3.15 length, 8.82 width. Antennomere lengths (1>7): 0.73; 1.95; 1,45; 1.30; 1.35; 1.22; 0.35. Podomeres lengths (1>7): 0.83; 1.06; 2.06; 1.04; 1.44; 1.50; 0.46. Telson 1.46 length. Epigyne rounded with irregular edges. Vulvae (Figs 10G–H): 1.42 length, 0.67 width. External valve: 1.01 length, 0.30 width. Internal valve: 0.99 length, 0.28 width. Operculum: 0.44 length, 0.54 width. Distribution. Mato Grosso, Brazil (Fig. 11). Etymology. The species epithet is a reference of the Brazilian folkloric character “Iara”. According to the indigenous legend, Iara is a beautiful mermaid that inhabits the rivers of the north of the country. Noun in apposition.Published as part of Bouzan, Rodrigo Salvador, Iniesta, Luiz Felipe M. & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2021, Cladistic analysis and taxonomic review of the millipede tribe Arthrosolaenomeridini Hoffman, 1976 (Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae), pp. 201-256 in Zootaxa 4970 (2) on pages 220-221, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/476154

Arthrosolaenomeris Schubart 1943

<i>Arthrosolaenomeris</i> Schubart, 1943 <p> <i>Arthrosolaenomeris</i> Schubart, 1943: 143.</p> <p> Type species: <i>A. chapadensis</i> Schubart, 1943, by original designation; Schubart, 1958: 205; Schubart, 1960: 453; Jeekel, 1971: 249; Hoffman, 1976: 177; Hoffman, 1980: 151.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b>. Males of <i>Arthrosolaenomeris</i> differ from those of other Arthrosolaenomeridini genera by the combination of the following characters: rectangular ventral projections in the post-gonopodal sternites (Fig. 30E) (acuminated in <i>A. curupira</i> <b>n. sp.</b> and <i>A. caipora</i> <b>n. sp.</b>); posterior edge of the gonopod aperture with a small dentiform process; presence of a secondary process in medial portion in the prefemoral process of the gonopod (Fig. 4D–F) (absent in <i>A. iara</i> <b>n. sp.</b>); presence of a rounded extension of the gonocoxae, in oral view (Fig. 32D); and apex of the solenomere abruptly descending (Fig. 4D).</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> <i>General characters</i>: Body length between 47.78 mm (<i>A. caipora</i> <b>n. sp.</b>) and 69.42 mm (<i>A. iara</i> <b>n. sp.</b>). Coloration (specimens long preserved in 70% ethanol) variable between species, ranging from ocher to reddish brown, paranota tip and posterior border of the metaterga slightly whitish (some specimens of <i>A. pantanalensis</i> show a purple coloration for the whole body). Gnathochilarium: lingual plate covered by several setae; mentum centrally covered by setae, with smooth edges and stipes covered by thick setae (sparsely covered in <i>A. curupira</i> <b>n. sp.</b> and <i>A. caipora</i> <b>n. sp.</b>). Body rings: cuticle slightly rough; alignment of paranota in posterior view curved ventrally (straight in <i>A. caipora</i> <b>n. sp.</b>). Sternite of the fourth segment with a pair of projections, sternite of the fifth segment with two pairs of projections covered with setae. Sternite of sixth body ring with two pairs of ventral projections; seventh body ring with a pair of ventral projections (absent in <i>A. chapadensis</i>) and post-gonopodal sternites with two pairs of rectangular ventral projections (acuminate in <i>A. curupira</i> <b>n. sp.</b> and <i>A. caipora</i> <b>n. sp.)</b>. Paranota form: round to slightly rectangular (Figs 4B, 8B). Legs: podomeres with several thick ventral setae (Fig. 31A) and granules in the tibia and tarsus (Fig. 31F) (except in <i>A. curupira</i> <b>n. sp.</b> and <i>A. caipora</i> <b>n. sp.</b>), dorsal lobe of prefemur conspicuous of the anterior legs (Fig. 31A) and a ventroapical projection in the prefemur of the post-gonopod legs (Fig. 31E).</p> <p> <i>Male characters</i>: Leg pair of the third body ring with the coxae presenting the rectangular genital papilla. Gonopod aperture on seventh body ring with the posterior margin excavated and with a small process. Gonopods: gonocoxae equivalent to about half the length of the telopodite, cylindrical, without a spiniform process. Prefemoral process (Figs 4D–F): elongate with a dorso-basal process and a secondary process in its medial portion (long in <i>A. chapadensis</i>, <i>A. pantanalensis</i>, <i>A. saci</i> <b>n. sp.</b>, <i>A. iara</i> <b>n. sp.</b> and short in <i>A. curupira</i> <b>n. sp.</b>, <i>A. caipora</i> <b>n. sp.</b>). Cingulum in an apical position (Fig. 4F) (middle position in <i>A. caipora</i> <b>n. sp.</b>). Solenomere long and thin with its apex abruptly descending (Fig. 4D–F).</p> <p> <i>Female characters</i>: Vulvae: oval-shaped, having equal proportions in lateral view, with an operculum advanced (Figs 10A–B).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> States of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and São Paulo (Fig. 11).</p> <p> <b>Composition.</b> <i>Arthrosolaenomeris chapadensis</i> Schubart, 1943; <i>A. pantanalensis</i> Schubart, 1943; <i>A. saci</i> <b>n. sp.</b>; <i>A. curupira</i> <b>n. sp.</b>; <i>A. caipora</i> <b>n. sp.</b>; <i>A. iara</i> <b>n. sp.</b></p>Published as part of <i>Bouzan, Rodrigo Salvador, Iniesta, Luiz Felipe M. & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2021, Cladistic analysis and taxonomic review of the millipede tribe Arthrosolaenomeridini Hoffman, 1976 (Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae), pp. 201-256 in Zootaxa 4970 (2)</i> on page 212, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.2.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4761544">http://zenodo.org/record/4761544</a&gt