RDA comme outil pour la transition bibliographique : la position française

This article presents the process adopted by the France to bring library catalogs to the Web of data and the RDA role in this general strategy. After analising RDA limits and inconsistencies, inherited from the tradition of AACR and MARC21 catalogues, the authors present the French approach to RDA and its positioning in correlation to international standards like ISBD and FRBR. The method adopted in France for FRBRising the catalogues go through a technical work of creating alignment beteween existing data, exploiting the technologies applied to the creation of data.bnf.fr and through a revision of the French cataloguing rules, allowing FRBRised metadata creation. This revision is based on RDA and it is setting up a French RDA application profile, keeping the analysis on the greater differences. RDA adoption, actually, is not a crucial issue in France and not a self standing purpose; it is just a tool for the transition of bibliographic data towards the Web of data.Questo articolo presenta il processo adottato dalla Francia per portare i cataloghi di biblioteca nel Web dei dati e il ruolo di RDA in questa strategia generale. Dopo aver analizzato i limiti e le contraddizioni di RDA, ereditate dalla tradizione delle AACR e dei cataloghi MARC21, gli autori presentano l'approccio francese a RDA e il suo posizionamento in relazione a standard internazionali come ISBD e FRBR. Il metodo adottato in Francia per FRBRizzare i cataloghi passa attraverso un lavoro tecnico di allineamento tra i dati esistenti, l'uso delle tecnologie applicate alla creazione di data.bnf.fr e attraverso una revisione delle regole di catalogazione francesi. Tale revisione è basata su RDA e si sta configurando come la creazione di un application profile francese di RDA, mantenendo l'analisi sulle maggiori differenze.L'adozione di RDA, in realtà, non è un tema cruciale per la Francia e non è un obiettivo in sé; si tratta solo di uno strumento per la transizione dei dati bibliografici verso il Web dei dati.Cet article présente la démarche adoptée par la France pour mettre les catalogues des bibliothèques dans le Web de données et le rôle dévolu à RDA dans cette stratégie plus générale. Après une analyse des contradictions et limites de RDA héritées de de la tradition des AACR et des catalogues en MARC 21, les auteurs présentent l’approche française vis-à-vis de RDA, quant à son positionnement par rapport aux normes internationales de référence comme l’ISBD et à la mise en œuvre du modèle FRBR. La méthode retenue en France pour FRBRiser les catalogues passe par un chantier technique de création d’alignements entre données existantes, en exploitant les technologies mises en œuvre dans l’application data.bnf.fr, et par une révision des règles françaises de catalogage pour permettre un catalogage FRBRisé dès la création des métadonnées. Cette révision s’appuie sur RDA et vise à préparer un profil français d’application de RDA, mais maintient l’analyse française sur les points de divergence majeurs. En effet, l’adoption de RDA n’est pas un enjeu crucial pour la France, ni une fin en soi ; ce n’est qu’un outil au service de la transition bibliographique vers le Web de données

Single crystal growth, crystal structure and surface characterisation of the binary phase Al45Cr7.

International audienc

A new ternary compound with the BGa8Ir4 structure type in the Al-Au-Ir system

International audienceFollowing the recent determination of the Al3AuIr structure, a new ternary phase has been identified in the Al-Au-Ir phase diagram. It has a chemical composition Al 9 (Au;Ir)4 with an apparently low gold content. Its crystal structure has been determined with single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The new compound crystallizes in the tetragonal crystal system and has been successfully solved in space group I4 1/acd (Pearson symbol tI104) with lattice parameters a = 8.6339 (2) and c = 21.8874 (7) Å. Atomic environments are described as well as similarities with the BGa8Ir4 compound

Evaluation of a simple approach for crop evapotranspiration partitioning and analysis of the water budget distribution for several crop species

International audienceClimate variability and climate change induce important intra- and inter-annual variability of precipitation that significantly alters the hydrologic cycle. The surface water budgets and the plant or ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE) are in turn modified. Obtaining greater insight into how climatic variability and agricultural practices affect water budgets and regarding their components in croplands is, thus, important for adapting crop management and limiting water losses. Therefore, the principal objectives of this study are: (1) to assess the contribution of different components to the agro-ecosystem water budget and (2) to evaluate how agricultural practices and climate modify the components of the surface water budget. To achieve these goals, we tested a new method for partitioning evapotranspiration (ETR), measured by means of an eddy-covariance method, into soil evaporation (E) and plant transpiration (TR) based on marginal distribution sampling (MDS). The partitioning method proposed requires continuous flux recording and measurements of soil temperature and humidity close to the surface, global radiation above the canopy and assessment of leaf area index dynamics. This method is well suited for crops because it requires a dataset including long bare-soil periods alternating with vegetated periods for accurate partitioning estimation. We compared these estimations with calibrated simulations of the ICARE-SVAT double source mechanistic model. The results showed good agreement between the two partitioning methods, demonstrating that MDS is a convenient, simple and robust tool for estimating E with reasonable associated uncertainties. During the growing season, the proportion of E in ETR was approximately one-third and varied mainly with crop leaf area. When calculated on an annual time scale, the proportion of E in ETR reached more than 50%, depending on the crop leaf area and on the duration and distribution of bare soil within the year

Agent Based Control for the Thermoforming Process

Peer reviewed: NoNRC publication: Ye

Modeling actual water use under different irrigation regimes at district scale: Application to the FAO-56 dual crop coefficient method

The modeling of irrigation in land surface models are generally based on two soil moisture parameters SMthreshold and SMtarget at which irrigation automatically starts and stops, respectively. Typically, both parameters are usually set to optimal values allowing to fill the soil water reservoir with just the estimated right amount and to avoid crop water excess at all times. The point is that agricultural practices greatly vary according to many factors (climatological, crop, soil, technical, human, etc.). To fill the gap, we propose a new calibration method of SMthreshold and SMtarget to represent the irrigation water use in any (optimal, deficit or even over) irrigation regime. The approach is tested using the dual-crop coefficient FAO-56 model implemented at the field scale over an 8100 ha irrigation district in northeastern Spain where the irrigation water use is precisely monitored at the district scale. Both irrigation parameters are first retrieved at monthly scale from the irrigation observations of year 2019. The irrigation simulated by the FAO-56 model is then evaluated against observations at district and weekly scale over 5 years (2017–2021) separately. The performance of the newly calibrated irrigation module is also assessed by comparing it against three other modules with varying configurations including default estimates for SMthreshold and SMtarget. The proposed irrigation module obtains systematically the best performance for each of the 5 years with an overall correlation coefficient of 0.95 ± 0.02 and root-mean square error of 0.27 ± 0.07 hm3/week (0.64 ± 0.17 mm/day). Unlike the three irrigation modules used as benchmark, the new irrigation module is able to reproduce the farmers’ practices throughout the year, and especially, to simulate the actual water use in the deficit and excess irrigation regimes occurring in the study area in spring and summer, respectively.This study was supported by the IDEWA project ( ANR-19-P026-003 ) of the Partnership for research and innovation in the Mediterranean area ( PRIMA ) program and by the Horizon 2020 ACCWA project (grant agreement # 823965 ) in the context of Marie Sklodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE) program. The authors wish to acknowledge the "Comunitat de Regants Canal Algerri Balaguer" and the Ebro Hydrographic Confederation (SAIH Ebro) for providing the observation irrigation data used in this study

Agrometerological study of semi-arid areas : an experiment for analysing the potential of time series of FORMOSAT-2 images (Tensift-Marrakech plain)

Earth Observing Systems designed to provide both high spatial resolution (10m) and high capacity of time revisit (a few days) offer strong opportunities for the management of agricultural water resources. The FORMOSAT-2 satellite is the first and only satellite with the ability to provide daily high-resolution images over a particular area with constant viewing angles. As part of the SudMed project, one of the first time series of FORMOSAT-2 images has been acquired over the semi-arid Tensift-Marrakech plain. Along with these acquisitions, an experimental data set has been collected to monitor land-cover/land-use, soil characteristics, vegetation dynamics and surface fluxes. This paper presents a first analysis of the potential of these data for agrometerological study of semi-arid areas