Impact of recycled aggregate brick on the physical-mechanical and environmental characteristics of cement treated bases

Recycled aggregate brick (RAB) constitutes a significant waste stream in developed countries, originating from brick manufacturing and demolition processes. This paper investigates the potential utilization of various sizes of RAB as replacements for natural aggregate (NA) in cement-treated bases (CTB), along with an assessment of their mechanical and environmental properties. The study includes a life cycle analysis to evaluate the environmental impacts of different CTB formulations. The novelty of this study lies in the environmental evaluation of four types of CTB, including natural, recycled, and mixed CTB. The physical and mechanical properties of the recycled brick and natural materials are characterized and compared. Results indicate that recycled brick aggregates, when combined with a cement mixture, can be used as a base and sub-base layer with good mechanical performance. Moreover, environmental analyses demonstrate that recycled aggregate generates fewer impacts than natural aggregates. Consequently, this study suggests that the utilization of recycled aggregates brick in CTB offers a sustainable waste management solution while simultaneously contributing to the reduction of environmental impacts associated with construction activities

Solar Energy for the Benefit of Water Treatment: Solar Photoreactor

AbstractIn the field of the purification of wastewater the solar photocatalysis offers an interesting alternative. A process that uses luminous solar radiations to initiate chemical reactions which resists the attack and the destruction of the organic pollutants and the pathogenic agents. These characteristics allow the solar photocatalysis to be indispensable like an alternative technology for cleaning up as well as the disinfection of wastewater and integrates it in the concept of the durable development. Preliminary test results showed that the solar photocatalytic treatment of linuron gave a removal rate of 70% for more than 300minutes

Rheological and mechanical performance evaluation of high performance mortar based natural pozzolan

This paper presents an experimental study on the rheological and mechanical properties of High Performance Mortar (HPM) based on natural pozzolan (NP). The specific surface BET of NP was 370 m²/kg used with different contents by weight of cement (5, 10, 15 and 20%). Two (w/b) water-binder ratios (0.35and 0.40) were used, the dosage of Superplasticizer (Sp) was kept constant (0.32 by weight of cement). The experimental results show that rheological properties of HPM increased with increasing NP content when w/b kept constant, but the increasing of (w/b) ratio led to decrease of both yield stress and plastic viscosity of mixtures.The mechanical characteristics were improved with increasing NP content when w/b kept constant, but the increasing of (w/b) ratio led to decrease of both compressive strength. The optimal percentage substitution was 15% of NP, reducing CO2 emission by 20% for each cubic meter of mortar production

Rheological and mechanical performance evaluation of high performance mortar based natural pozzolan

This paper presents an experimental study on the rheological and mechanical properties of High Performance Mortar (HPM) based on natural pozzolan (NP). The specific surface BET of NP was 370 m²/kg used with different contents by weight of cement (5, 10, 15 and 20%). Two (w/b) water-binder ratios (0.35and 0.40) were used, the dosage of Superplasticizer (Sp) was kept constant (0.32 by weight of cement). The experimental results show that rheological properties of HPM increased with increasing NP content when w/b kept constant, but the increasing of (w/b) ratio led to decrease of both yield stress and plastic viscosity of mixtures.The mechanical characteristics were improved with increasing NP content when w/b kept constant, but the increasing of (w/b) ratio led to decrease of both compressive strength. The optimal percentage substitution was 15% of NP, reducing CO2 emission by 20% for each cubic meter of mortar production

Impact of recycled aggregate brick on the physical-mechanical and environmental characteristics of cement treated bases

Recycled aggregate brick (RAB) constitutes a significant waste stream in developed countries, originating from brick manufacturing and demolition processes. This paper investigates the potential utilization of various sizes of RAB as replacements for natural aggregate (NA) in cement-treated bases (CTB), along with an assessment of their mechanical and environmental properties. The study includes a life cycle analysis to evaluate the environmental impacts of different CTB formulations. The novelty of this study lies in the environmental evaluation of four types of CTB, including natural, recycled, and mixed CTB. The physical and mechanical properties of the recycled brick and natural materials are characterized and compared. Results indicate that recycled brick aggregates, when combined with a cement mixture, can be used as a base and sub-base layer with good mechanical performance. Moreover, environmental analyses demonstrate that recycled aggregate generates fewer impacts than natural aggregates. Consequently, this study suggests that the utilization of recycled aggregates brick in CTB offers a sustainable waste management solution while simultaneously contributing to the reduction of environmental impacts associated with construction activities

The evaluation of culture in EFL textbook for middle school in Algeria

Learning a foreign language entails more than just memorising words. What matters is that you are familiar with the foreign values, norms, way of life, history, and social background. Hence, it is essential to remember that language is not distinct from culture and the social order. What language learners require in terms of education is an understanding of how language and culture are intertwined to operate communicatively in a land of diverse cultures. To effectually communicate using languages, it is necessary to comprehend culturally varying patterns of interaction as well as perspectives and views of people. This study examines how cultural content is represented in My Book of English, a fourth-level English textbook for middle school. The findings indicate that aesthetic sense dominates the frequency of cultural matter in My Book of English, followed by sociological and semantic reasons. Notably, the pragmatic sense was missing entirely. The existence of source culture has the topmost percentage, followed by international culture, while target culture has the lowest rate. Furthermore, the findings revealed that My Book of English does not assist learners in enhancing their cultural knowledge or communicating in circumstances of intercultural communication. The observations of this research are designed to aid in teaching and to learn English by providing beneficial, helpful action to people responsible for selecting relevant cultural material for schools

Integrating Solar Photovoltaics in Residential Buildings: Towards Zero Energy Buildings in Hail City, KSA

In recent years, most cities have faced great demand for electricity supply due to rapid population growth and industrialization. Supplying sufficient electrical energy, while reducing greenhouse gas emissions, is one of the major concerns of policymakers and scientists all over the world. In Saudi Arabia, local authorities are increasingly aware of the necessity of reducing the environmental impact of nonrenewable energy by exploring alternative sustainable energy sources and improving buildings’ energy efficiency. Recently, building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) technology has been regarded as a promising technology for generating instantaneous sustainable energy for buildings. To achieve a substantial contribution regarding zero energy buildings, solar energy should be widely used in residential buildings within the urban context. This paper examines how to achieve an appropriate model for integrating photovoltaics on the rooftop of residential buildings in Hail city to provide alternative energy sources. The estimated rooftop areas in Hail city, utilizable for PV application were calculated. Using PV*SOL simulation software, the performance ratio and the system efficiency, as well as the annual energy output in several tilt angles, were determined and presented. The amount of energy expected when using all effective roof area in the city was also calculated. The amount of CO2 emissions that could be reduced as a result of using a PV system was estimated. The results show a significant area of rooftop suitable for PV system in residential buildings in Hail city, which exceeds 9 million square meters. On the other hand, the performance ratio and the system efficiency are affected by the tilt angle of the PV module, where the efficiency increases with higher tilt angle, this is due to the PV module temperature, where, with the decrease in the PV module temperature its efficiency increases. The results indicate that the 30° tilt PV produced the highest amount of energy, whereas the 75° tilt PV records the smallest one although it achieves the best possible efficiency. There is a significant amount of energy produced from the use of all residential rooftops in Hail, and there is also a significant reduction in the amount of CO2 emissions. It is expected that this research would develop innovative building design strategies and specifications allowing for better climate and energy efficiency as well