A triptofán metabolizmus vizsgálata agydaganatokban

Brain tumors are relatively rare in adults but represent the most common solid tumors in children. In all ages, brain tumors carry a significant mortality, and, therefore, are considered to be a major health care issue. The majority of newly-diagnosed brain masses are metastatic tumors, while the rest represent a variety of primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. There are a few known risk factors associated with brain tumors, such as ionizing radiation and genetic predisposition. Genetic susceptibility for brain tumors may exist, however, the majority of brain tumors are sporadic. On the other hand, autoimmune conditions and allergies are inversely correlated with glioma risk. The most common primary brain tumor is meningioma, followed by glioblastoma. Based on Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program, 2016, in the adult population above age 40 years, the average annual age-adjusted incidence rate of primary CNS tumors is 40.10/100,000. The 5-year relative survival of primary malignant CNS tumors between 1995-2013 was 34.7% (higher in females), but it was modified significantly by age, histology and clinical behavior, while in non-malignant CNS tumors, 5-year survival was 90.4% in US

Hol tartunk most, avagy a genomika és az élsport kapcsolatának áttekintése

A sport és a genetika tudománya közötti kapcsolat feltárása csupán néhány évtizedes múltra tekint vissza, mégis elmondható, hogy többszáz gén polimorfizmust hoztak összefüggésbe különböző, a szervezetben beltöltött szerepük alapján a sportolói teljesítménnyel. Átfogó elemzésünkben összesen 131, a témában készült szakirodalom áttekintésével 13 génváltozattal foglalkoztunk, valamint az eddig született eredmények alapján feltérképeztük, hogy a különböző polimorfizmusokat mely képesség csoportokkal kapcsolták össze az eddigi vizsgálatokban. Így írásunkban helyet kaptak azok a gének, amelyeket az állóképességi-, az erő-dominanciájú, és/vagy a csapatsportok képviselői körében leggyakrabban vizsgáltak. Számos génváltozat eltérő gyakoriságú megjelenése már igazolt az eddigi mérések alapján, azonban a két tudományterület mélyebb kapcsolatainak feltárása folyamatosan zajlik, számos nyitott kérdés merül fel a jövőben is, így tanulmányunk ennek a hosszú folyamatnak a jelenlegi fázisát szemlélteti

Exercise is a potent stimulus for enhancing circulating DNase activity

AbstractObjectivesTo elucidate cell free DNA (cfDNA) clearance kinetics following an acute bout of high intensity exercise by measuring circulating DNase activity reduction (AR).Design and methodsSerum cfDNA concentration and DNase-AR were measured prior to and post (immediately post, 7 and 30min post) an acute bout of rowing exercise until exhaustion.ResultsSerum cfDNA concentration was significantly (P≤.001) elevated immediately post (2.5-fold) and 7min post exercise (2.3-fold) with a return close to baseline at 30min post exercise (1.5-fold). The rise in cfDNA was accompanied by a concomitant, significant (P≤.001) decrease in serum DNase-AR from 15.1% prior to exercise to 3.1% AR at cessation of the exercise test and 7min post exercise (3.9% AR). DNase-AR returned close to baseline at 30min post exercise (5.2% AR).ConclusionsA single bout of high intensity exercise is a potent stimulus for enhancing circulating DNase activity in healthy people. Acute exercise may therefore be considered as a non-pharmacological stimulus to trigger DNase activity.This finding may be relevant for pathological conditions associated with increased cfDNA concentrations like cystic fibrosis, where pharmacological recombinant human DNase (rhDNase) treatment has been successfully used to improve patients' health and physical function

Levodopa/carbidopa intestinalis gél kezelés hatása az életminőségre

Background - The levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) therapy can improve the severe fluctuations associated with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). Our aim was to assess the improvement in the health related quality of life of PD patients treated with LCIG at University of Pécs. Methods - Eight PD patients were evaluated (age: 68.1±4.4 years, disease duration: 14,5±6,2 years, duration of fluctuations: 8.9±3.1 years). Before the initiation of LCIG treatment and 6 and 12 months later, the health-related quality of life (PDQ-39 and EQ-5D-5L), severity of PD-related symptoms (MDS-UPDRS, Hoehn-Yahr Scale, Clinical Global Improvement - Severity) and major non-motor symptoms (PD Sleep Scale 2nd version: PDSS-2, Epworth Scale and Beck Depression Inventory: BDI) were assessed. Results - Health-related quality life improved after LCIG treatment measured by both EQ-5D-5L (from 0.257 to 0.662, p=0.009) and PDQ-39 (from 34 to 26 points, p=0.038). Meanwhile PD-related symptoms (MDS-UPDRS total score: from 105 points to 68 points, p<0.05) sleep quality (PDSS-2: from 25 to 22 points, p<0.05), daytime sleepiness (Epworth: from 12 to 7 points, p<0.05) and depression (BDI: from 20 to 15 points, p<0.05) also improved. Median ON time improved form 4.5 hours to 10.0 hours; whereas, the OFF time decreased from 4.5 to 0.5 hours (p<0.05). Conclusion - Both the quality of life and the clinical features of PD can be improved by LCIG treatment in advanced PD

Are branded and generic extended-release ropinirole formulations equally efficacious? A rater-blinded, switch-over, multicenter study

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of the branded and a generic extended-release ropinirole formulation in the treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). Of 22 enrolled patients 21 completed the study. A rater blinded to treatment evaluated Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale, Nonmotor Symptoms Assessment Scale, and a structured questionnaire on ropinirole side effects. Besides, the patients self-administered EQ-5D, Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS-2), and Beck Depression Inventories. Branded and generic ropinirole treatment achieved similar scores on all tests measuring severity of motor symptoms (primary endpoint, UPDRS-III: 27.0 versus 28.0 points, P = 0.505). Based on patient diaries, the lengths of "good time periods" were comparable (10.5 and 10.0 hours for branded and generic ropinirole, resp., P = 0.670). However, generic ropinirole therapy achieved almost 3.0 hours shorter on time without dyskinesia (6.5 versus. 9.5 hours, P < 0.05) and 2.5 hours longer on time with slight dyskinesia (3.5 versus. 1.0 hours, P < 0.05) than the branded ropinirole did. Except for gastrointestinal problems, nonmotor symptoms were similarly controlled. Patients did not prefer either formulation. Although this study has to be interpreted with limitations, it demonstrated that both generic and branded ropinirole administration can achieve similar control on most symptoms of PD

Are Branded and Generic Extended-Release Ropinirole Formulations Equally Efficacious? : A Rater-Blinded, Switch-Over, Multicenter Study

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of the branded and a generic extended-release ropinirole formulation in the treatment of advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Of 22 enrolled patients 21 completed the study. A rater blinded to treatment evaluated Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale, Nonmotor Symptoms Assessment Scale, and a structured questionnaire on ropinirole side effects. Besides, the patients self-administered EQ-5D, Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS-2), and Beck Depression Inventories. Branded and generic ropinirole treatment achieved similar scores on all tests measuring severity of motor symptoms (primary endpoint, UPDRS-III: 27.0 versus 28.0 points, P=0.505). Based on patient diaries, the lengths of “good time periods” were comparable (10.5 and 10.0 hours for branded and generic ropinirole, resp., P=0.670). However, generic ropinirole therapy achieved almost 3.0 hours shorter on time without dyskinesia (6.5 versus. 9.5 hours, P<0.05) and 2.5 hours longer on time with slight dyskinesia (3.5 versus. 1.0 hours, P<0.05) than the branded ropinirole did. Except for gastrointestinal problems, nonmotor symptoms were similarly controlled. Patients did not prefer either formulation. Although this study has to be interpreted with limitations, it demonstrated that both generic and branded ropinirole administration can achieve similar control on most symptoms of PD