Ovarian teratomas: clinicopathological study at tertiary care center

Background: Teratomas are belonging to a group of germ cell tumors. It is also referred to as dermoid cyst. Teratomas are most common germ cell tumor of the ovary. Teratomas are composed of various histological types. In this article we are presenting various morphological patterns, its clinical manifestation and its clinical significance.Methods: This is prospective study for a period of 3 years from March 2016 to February 2019 at tertiary care hospital. It consists of total evaluation of 82 cases of ovarian lesions which were surgically excised for clinically or radiologically suspected of ovarian neoplasm.Results: A total of 82 cases of ovarian specimen were included out of which 18 cases were of ovarian teratoma. In these 17 cases were benign teratomas, 1 case of immature teratoma. All the cases of mature teratoma were predominantly of cystic type with focal solid areas. Right sided ovary was involved in44.5% cases while left sided in 55.5% cases. The tumor size ranges from 2.5 cm to 20.8 cms. The age range in this study was from 20 to 60 year. The common age observed for ovarian teratoma was in group of 31-40 years, having 6 cases. The clinically most of cases were asymptomatic or presented with unexplained abdominal pain or palpable mass. USG finding in most of cases were diffuse or partial echogenic mass lesion with cystic nature and echogenic bands.Conclusions: In our study showed mature cystic teratoma is the most common type of ovarian teratomas. The immature and monodermal types are rare. The histopathological examination plays important role in final diagnosis   and patient management

Clinicocytopathological study of breast lump in the non-malignant categories

Background: Benign breast lesions are common clinical presentation in women. The early detection and diagnosis play an important role in the treatment of various breast lesions.Aims and Objectives: The aim is to study various cytological changes in non-malignant breast lesions and its clinical correlation.Materials and Methods: This is prospective, observational, analytical study in a consecutive 50 cases of breast lump at tertiary care hospital.Results: A total of 50 breast lumps were studied for fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Among which, 48 patients were female and 2 were male. The age range was from 15 to 62 years. The common age group affected was in 21–30 years of age. The most common clinical presentation was breast lump followed by pain in the breast. The left side breast was more affected (56%) than the right side. Among non-malignant breast lesions, fibroadenoma (48%) was common diagnosis, followed by mastitis (28%), fibrocystic change (10%), papilloma (4%), gynecomastia (4%), lipoma (2%), simple cyst (2%), and benign phyllodes (2%). The cytological diagnosiswas correlated with histopathology which showed accuracy in 91.66%.Conclusion: In our study, benign breast lesion of fibroadenoma was the most common benign breast lesion and the younger age group 21–30 years was found most commonly affected. FNAC is also very useful in diagnosing inflammatory lesions so that they can be treated as early as possible