Correction: "Epidemiology and aetiology of influenza-like illness among households in metropolitan Vientiane, Lao PDR": A prospective, community-based cohort study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214207.]

"Epidemiology and aetiology of influenza-like illness among households in metropolitan Vientiane, Lao PDR": A prospective, community-based cohort study.

Respiratory diseases are a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in many tropical countries, including Lao PDR. However, little has been published regarding viral or bacterial pathogens that can contribute to influenza-like illness (ILI) in a community setting. We report on the results of a community-based surveillance that prospectively monitored the incidence of ILI and its causative pathogens in Vientiane capital in Lao PDR. A cohort of 995 households, including 4885 study participants, were followed-up between May 2015 and May 2016. Nasopharyngeal swabs, throat swabs, and sputum specimens were collected from ILI cases identified through active case-finding. Real-Time PCR was used to test nasopharyngeal swabs for 21 respiratory pathogens, while throat and sputum samples were subjected to bacterial culture. Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess potential risk factors for associations with ILI. In total, 548 episodes of ILI were reported among 476 (9.7%) of the study participants and 330 (33.2%) of the study households. The adjusted estimated incidence of ILI within the study area was 10.7 (95%CI: 9.4-11.9) episodes per 100 person-years. ILI was significantly associated with age group (p<0.001), sex (p<0.001), and number of bedrooms (p = 0.04) in multivariate analysis. In 548 nasopharyngeal swabs, the most commonly detected potential pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae (17.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.3%), influenza A (11.1%; mostly subtype H3N2), rhinovirus (7.5%), and influenza B (8.0%). Streptococci were isolated from 42 (8.6%) of 536 throat swabs, most (27) of which were Lancefield Group G. Co-infections were observed in 132 (24.1%) of the 548 ILI episodes. Our study generated valuable data on respiratory disease burden and patterns of etiologies associated with community-acquired acute respiratory illness Laos. Establishment of a surveillance strategy in Laos to monitor trends in the epidemiology and burden of acute respiratory infections is required to minimize their impact on human health

Open Source-/Freeware IC Design Flow am Beispiel einer DPLL

Folgender Beitrag befasst sich mit der Auswahl und dem Einsatz von Open Source und Freeware Tools im Bereich IC-Design. Anhand einer rudimentären digitalen PLL und eines Ringoszillators wird exemplarisch der komplette Entwicklungsprozess vom elektrischen Entwurf, der Schaltungssimulation bis hin zum Erzeugen des Layouts demonstriert. Eingesetzt werden dabei die Programme XCircuit zum Zeichnen der Schaltpläne und dem Generieren der Netzliste, DUSpice respektive LTSpice / Switcher CAD (beide basierend auf Berkeley Spice 3f5) zur Simulation sowie LASI zum Erstellen des Layouts. Als Technologie wird ein 0.35 µm CMOS Prozess verwendet. Grundlage des vorliegenden Beitrages ist eine Diplomarbeit und eine Studienarbeit, in deren Rahmen weiterhin u.a. die Entwicklung eines Design Kits für das eingesetzte Programm LASI erfolgt. Ein Design Rule Check (DRC) und diverse tandardzellen (NAND, XOR etc.) konnten so bereits entworfen werden. Der Hintergrund des Beitrages ist der Verzicht auf teure, sehr einarbeitungszeitintensive kommerzielle Software in Hochschulpraktika und das Etablieren alternativer Software, die auch privat von Studenten auf deren PC verwendet werden kann

Integrierte 1V-Analogelektronik fuer ein hochempfindliches Magnetfeld-Messsystem Abschlussbericht

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F03B1162 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung, Berlin (Germany)DEGerman

Effiziente Kompaktierungsverfahren fuer den symbolischen Schaltungsentwurf und fuer die Reskalierung von Masken-Layouts

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: DW 555 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

S100A1 deficiency results in prolonged ventricular repolarization in response to sympathetic activation

S100A1 is a Ca(2+)-binding protein and predominantly expressed in the heart. We have generated a mouse line of S100A1 deficiency by gene trap mutagenesis to investigate the impact of S100A1 ablation on heart function. Electrocardiogram recordings revealed that after beta-adrenergic stimulation S100A1-deficient mice had prolonged QT, QTc and ST intervals and intraventricular conduction disturbances reminiscent of 2 : 1 bundle branch block. In order to identify genes affected by the loss of S100A1, we profiled the mutant and wild type cardiac transcriptomes by gene array analysis. The expression of several genes functioning to the electrical activity of the heart were found to be significantly altered. Although the default prediction would be that mRNA and protein levels are highly correlated, comprehensive immunoblot analyses of salient up- or down-regulated candidate genes of any cellular network revealed no significant changes on protein level. Taken together, we found that S100A1 deficiency results in cardiac repolarization delay and alternating ventricular conduction defects in response to sympathetic activation accompanied by a significantly different transcriptional regulation

Verhaltensmodellierung fuer die Mixed-Domain-Systemsimulation eines Magnetfeld- und eines Differenzmagnetfeldsensors Abschlussbericht

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: DtF QN1(84,37) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman