Generation and reactions of 2-lithio-2-substituted-1,3-benzodithioles: new, convenient acyl carbanion equivalents

The reaction ofBunLi with 2-substituted-1,3-benzodithioles yields anions which react predictably with organic electrophiles to yield products in which the protected carbonyl group is readily unmasked. The anions constitute useful acyl carbanion equivalents

Ring expansion by sulphur migration: Synthesis of 2-alkylidene-1,4-benzodithians and 1,4-benzodithiins

Reaction of 2-(1-hydroxyalkyl)-1,3-benzodithioles (1) with thionyl chloride - triethylamine gives high yields of 2-alkylidene-3-substituted benzodithians, and 2,3-substituted benzodithiins on treatment with acid

Percutaneous Sampling of Local Biomolecule Gradients Across Coronary Artery Atherosclerotic Plaques

A percutaneous catheter device, the Liquid Biopsy System, was developed to sample the unstirred boundary layer of blood upstream and downstream of intact and disrupted human coronary atherosclerotic plaques. Using multiplexed proximity extension assays, release of 20 biomolecules was simultaneously detected in samples taken across plaques before balloon angioplasty, including the soluble form of the endothelial lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor. Additional biomolecules, including matrix metalloproteinase-12, were released after plaque disruption with angioplasty. These experiments demonstrate the power of the Liquid Biopsy System to yield new scientific insights and its ultimate potential to generate new biomarkers and surrogate endpoints for clinical trials