21 research outputs found
Incisional hernia following colorectal cancer surgery according to suture technique: Hughes Abdominal Repair Randomized Trial (HART).
BACKGROUND: Incisional hernias cause morbidity and may require further surgery. HART (Hughes Abdominal Repair Trial) assessed the effect of an alternative suture method on the incidence of incisional hernia following colorectal cancer surgery. METHODS: A pragmatic multicentre single-blind RCT allocated patients undergoing midline incision for colorectal cancer to either Hughes closure (double far-near-near-far sutures of 1 nylon suture at 2-cm intervals along the fascia combined with conventional mass closure) or the surgeon's standard closure. The primary outcome was the incidence of incisional hernia at 1 year assessed by clinical examination. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed. RESULTS: Between August 2014 and February 2018, 802 patients were randomized to either Hughes closure (401) or the standard mass closure group (401). At 1 year after surgery, 672 patients (83.7 per cent) were included in the primary outcome analysis; 50 of 339 patients (14.8 per cent) in the Hughes group and 57 of 333 (17.1 per cent) in the standard closure group had incisional hernia (OR 0.84, 95 per cent c.i. 0.55 to 1.27; P = 0.402). At 2 years, 78 patients (28.7 per cent) in the Hughes repair group and 84 (31.8 per cent) in the standard closure group had incisional hernia (OR 0.86, 0.59 to 1.25; P = 0.429). Adverse events were similar in the two groups, apart from the rate of surgical-site infection, which was higher in the Hughes group (13.2 versus 7.7 per cent; OR 1.82, 1.14 to 2.91; P = 0.011). CONCLUSION: The incidence of incisional hernia after colorectal cancer surgery is high. There was no statistical difference in incidence between Hughes closure and mass closure at 1 or 2 years. REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN25616490 (http://www.controlled-trials.com)
Serum n−6 fatty acids and lipoprotein subclasses in middle-aged men: the population-based cross-sectional ERA-JUMP Study123
Background: The associations of serum omega-6 (n−6) fatty acids with lipoprotein subclasses at the population level are uncertain
Structure and Dynamics of the HIV‑1 Frameshift Element RNA
The
HIV-1 ribosomal frameshift element is highly structured, regulates
translation of all virally encoded enzymes, and is a promising therapeutic
target. The prior model for this motif contains two helices separated
by a three-nucleotide bulge. Modifications to this model were suggested
by SHAPE chemical probing of an entire HIV-1 RNA genome. Novel features
of the SHAPE-directed model include alternate helical conformations
and a larger, more complex structure. These structural elements also
support the presence of a secondary frameshift site within the frameshift
domain. Here, we use oligonucleotide-directed structure perturbation,
probing in the presence of formamide, and in-virion experiments to
examine these models. Our data support a model in which the frameshift
domain is anchored by a stable helix outside the conventional domain.
Less stable helices within the domain can switch from the SHAPE-predicted
to the two-helix conformation. Translational frameshifting assays
with frameshift domain mutants support a functional role for the interactions
predicted by and specific to the SHAPE-directed model. These results
reveal that the HIV-1 frameshift domain is a complex, dynamic structure
and underscore the importance of analyzing folding in the context
of full-length RNAs
Abstracts of the 22nd International Isotope Society (UK Group) Symposium: synthesis and applications of labelled compounds 2013
Meeting Summary The 22nd annual symposium of the International Isotope Society's United Kingdom Group took place at the Møller Centre, Churchill College, Cambridge, UK, on Friday, 18 October 2013. The meeting was attended by 65 delegates from academia and industry; the life sciences; and chemical, radiochemical and scientific instrument suppliers.Delegates were welcomed by Dr Ken Lawrie (GlaxoSmithKline, UK, chair of the IIS UK group). The subsequent scientific programme consisted of oral and poster presentations on isotopic chemistry and applications of labelled compounds, or of chemistry with potential implications for isotopic synthesis. Both short‐lived and long‐lived isotopes were represented, as were stable isotopes. The symposium programme was divided into a morning session chaired by Dr Karl Cable (GlaxoSmithKline, UK) and afternoon sessions chaired by Mr Mike Chappelle (Quotient Biosciences, UK) and by Dr Nick Bushby (AstraZeneca, UK). The UK meeting concluded with remarks from Dr Ken Lawrie (GlaxoSmithKline, UK)