DISPELLING ALIMONY MYTHS: THE CONTINUING NEED FOR ALIMONY AND THE ALIMONY REFORM ACT OF 2011

This Article examines alimony in Massachusetts through the lens of the Alimony Reform Act of 2011. The first half of the Article focuses on why alimony recipients continue to need alimony despite the economic gains made by women in the past fifty years. This section identifies some, but not all, of the factors that make alimony an equitable remedy in a divorce, including: (a) the stay at home spouse’s professional sacrifices; (b) the wage gap; (c) the glass ceiling; and (d) marketable skills post-divorce. This section further dispels the arguments made by alimony opponents that the equitable division of assets during the divorce and the safety net of public benefits are sufficient to mitigate the need for alimony. Finally, this section focuses on why alimony may be the only relief available to women who have sacrificed career for family. The second half of the Article dispels the myth that women were the “losers” in alimony reform by explaining how the Alimony Reform Act benefits the majority of alimony recipients. This section first discusses the obvious beneficiaries of alimony reform: Alimony payors, the courts, and the legal system as whole. It then demonstrates how reform also benefits women by highlighting key provisions of the Alimony Reform Act that benefit women. The section also considers some of the Act’s less favorable provisions for alimony recipients, as well as the safety valves within those provisions that protect recipients

Distances and Stellar Population properties using the SBF method

We present some results on the study of stellar population properties and distances of galaxies using the SBF technique. The applications summarized here show that the Surface Brightness Fluctuations (SBF) method is able to i) provide accurate distances of resolved and unresolved stellar systems from ~10 Kpc to ~150 Mpc, and ii) to reliably constrain the physical properties (e.g. age and metallicity) of unresolved stellar systems.Comment: 4 page

The Effect of Recycled Backwash Water Operations on Fouling in a Coagulation-Ultrafiltration Process and Impact of Preozonation on Membrane Productivity

This dissertation consists of research that focused on pretreatment strategies to reduce fouling of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes used for drinking water treatment, and was segmented into four key components. (1) In the first component of the work, the long-term fouling behavior of a polyethersulfone (PES) hollow-fiber UF membrane was studied at the pilot-scale for treatment of surface water over a one-year period. Pilot testing of a coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (CFS) pretreatment system revealed that chemically irreversible fouling was poorly correlated with turbidity and total organic carbon. It was also shown that recycled backwash water may have impacted membrane process performance, and that chemically irreversible fouling was responsive to changes in pretreatment configuration. (2) In the second component, pre-oxidation with ozone (preozonation) was then studied as a pretreatment process to reduce natural organic matter (NOM) fouling at the pilot-scale. This work suggested that preozonation reduced long-term chemically irreversible fouling. The chemically reversible fouling index increased by 59%, indicating that preozonation changed the characteristics of the foulants, yielding more effective chemically enhanced backwashes. (3) Bench-scale work that studied changes in NOM characteristics associated with the improved process performance were performed using fluorescent excitation-emission (EEM) spectroscopy and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). Specifically, ozone was applied prior to a CFS-UF process and compared to a CFS-UF condition without ozone as the control. Although CFS reduced turbidity by 29%, ozone, when integrated with CFS increased turbidity by 58%, impacting downstream UF performance. As expected, ozone, when integrated with CFS and UF reduced filtrate true color by 40%, UV254 absorbance by 11%, and SUVA by 30%, relative to the control, indicating that preozonation changed the characteristics of the dissolved organic carbon present in the source water. (4) Follow-up bench-scale research using fluorescent EEM spectroscopy and HPSEC assessed operational strategies that impacted organic fouling. Specifically, the fate of fluorescing substances during the recycling of membrane backwash water (MBWW) ahead of CFS-UF process was investigated. Bench-scale UF membranes were used to generate MBWW from a CFS-treated surface water containing 21 mg/L dissolved organic carbon (DOC) registering a 0.95 cm-1 UV254 absorbance that had been coagulated with 100 mg/L with polyaluminum chloride. CFS settled water, when processed with UF, produced MBWW containing 9 mg/L DOC registering a 0.25 cm-1 UV254 absorbance. HPSEC with UV254 detection demonstrated an analogous UV254 reduction as measured by detector response. However, fluorescence EEM spectroscopy revealed that protein-like substances, known to be associated with irreversible fouling, had been concentrated in the MBWW. In order to evaluate recycling operations on overall DOC removal in a CFS-UF process, a blend of 30% MBWW with 70% of raw water was treated, resulting in an overall DOC removal of 73%. However, without MBWW recycle, the CFS-UF process removed less of the influent DOC (63%). In summary, this research demonstrated that NOM characteristics within MBWW should be considered when recycling backwash water in PES membrane operations, and that preozonation reduces chemically irreversible fouling when incorporated into a CSF-UF system

DISPELLING ALIMONY MYTHS: THE CONTINUING NEED FOR ALIMONY AND THE ALIMONY REFORM ACT OF 2011

This Article examines alimony in Massachusetts through the lens of the Alimony Reform Act of 2011. The first half of the Article focuses on why alimony recipients continue to need alimony despite the economic gains made by women in the past fifty years. This section identifies some, but not all, of the factors that make alimony an equitable remedy in a divorce, including: (a) the stay at home spouse’s professional sacrifices; (b) the wage gap; (c) the glass ceiling; and (d) marketable skills post-divorce. This section further dispels the arguments made by alimony opponents that the equitable division of assets during the divorce and the safety net of public benefits are sufficient to mitigate the need for alimony. Finally, this section focuses on why alimony may be the only relief available to women who have sacrificed career for family. The second half of the Article dispels the myth that women were the “losers” in alimony reform by explaining how the Alimony Reform Act benefits the majority of alimony recipients. This section first discusses the obvious beneficiaries of alimony reform: Alimony payors, the courts, and the legal system as whole. It then demonstrates how reform also benefits women by highlighting key provisions of the Alimony Reform Act that benefit women. The section also considers some of the Act’s less favorable provisions for alimony recipients, as well as the safety valves within those provisions that protect recipients

Conocimientos y opiniones de los operadores Policiales en cuestiones de violencia familiar: influencia sobre sus intervenciones

This article tries to establish what degree of knowledge and opinions has a group of policemen in questions of familiar violence, and how this knowledge flows and/or interferes in the final result of its labor interventions. For the development of the present article, were used the results obtained in the investigation, which has its same name, “Knowledge and opinions of the police operators in questions of family violence: Influence of its interventions”. It is possible to emphasize that, as an active member of one of the most important police institutions of de country (Buenos Aires police Providence), I have detected several criteria errors on behalf of some police members in the treatment of questions of family violence, as they not always act their best, without offering therefore the suitable answers that the citizenship needs. Not by lack of commitment for the populations, in my criterion, and as the present demonstrates it but by a general lack of knowledge on this thematic. Este artículo trata de establecer qué grado de conocimiento y opiniones posee un grupo de efectivos policiales, en cuestiones de violencia familiar, y como este conocimiento influye y/o interfiere, en el resultado final de sus intervenciones laborales. Para el desarrollo del presente, se utilizaron los resultados obtenidos en la investigación, que lleva su mismo nombre, “Conocimientos y opiniones de los operadores Policiales en cuestiones de violencia familiar: Influencia sobre sus intervenciones”. Cabe destacar que como miembro activo de una de las instituciones policiales, más importantes del país (Policía de la Provincia de Buenos Aires), he detectado ciertos “errores” de criterio, por parte de algunos integrantes de la fuerza, en el tratamiento de cuestiones vinculadas a la violencia familiar, los cuales no siempre actúan de la mejor manera, sin bridar así las respuestas adecuadas que la ciudadanía necesita. No por falta de compromiso hacia la población, sino, a mi criterio y tal como el presente lo demuestra, por una falta general de conocimientos sobre esta temátic

Conocimientos y opiniones de los operadores policiales en cuestiones de violencia familiar: influencia sobre sus intervenciones

Este artículo trata de establecer qué grado de conocimiento y opiniones posee un grupo de efectivos policiales, en cuestiones de violencia familiar, y como este conocimiento influye y/o interfiere, en el resultado final de sus intervenciones laborales. Para el desarrollo del presente, se utilizaron los resultados obtenidos en la investigación, que lleva su mismo nombre, "Conocimientos y opiniones de los operadores Policiales en cuestiones de violencia familiar: Influencia sobre sus intervenciones". Cabe destacar que como miembro activo de una de las instituciones policiales, más importantes del país (Policía de la Provincia de Buenos Aires), he detectado ciertos "errores" de criterio, por parte de algunos integrantes de la fuerza, en el tratamiento de cuestiones vinculadas a la violencia familiar, los cuales no siempre actúan de la mejor manera, sin bridar así las respuestas adecuadas que la ciudadanía necesita. No por falta de compromiso hacia la población, sino, a mi criterio y tal como el presente lo demuestra, por una falta general de conocimientos sobre esta temática.This article tries to establish what degree of knowledge and opinions has a group of policemen in questions of familiar violence, and how this knowledge flows and/or interferes in the final result of its labor interventions. For the development of the present article, were used the results obtained in the investigation, which has its same name, "Knowledge and opinions of the police operators in questions of family violence: Influence of its interventions". It is possible to emphasize that, as an active member of one of the most important police institutions of de country (Buenos Aires police Providence), I have detected several criteria errors on behalf of some police members in the treatment of questions of family violence, as they not always act their best, without offering therefore the suitable answers that the citizenship needs. Not by lack of commitment for the populations, in my criterion, and as the present demonstrates it but by a general lack of knowledge on this thematic.Instituto de Cultura Jurídica (ICJ

I motivi specifici nel processo amministrativo

Con tale tesi è stato affrontato il tema relativo ai motivi del ricorso nel processo amministrativo, dalla legge 1034/1971 ad oggi,in particolare concentrandosi sulla successiva introduzione dei "motivi specifici" e del loro rapporto con i principi processualistici correlati (principio della domanda; principio di corrispondenza tra il chiesto e il pronunciato)

A prática pedagógica da educação física no ensino fundamental da rede estadual na cidade de Porto Alegre : um estudo a partir da perspectiva dos professores

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