LOW POWER ASIC IMPLEMENTATION OF A 256 BIT KEY AES CRYPTO-PROCESSOR AT 45NM TECHNOLOGY

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), has received significant interest over the past decade due to its performance and security level. Low power devices have gained extreme importance in market today. Power dissipation is one of the most important design constraints to be handled well. A key to successful power management is automatic power reduction. This enables designers to meet their power budgets without adversely affecting their productivity or time to market. In this paper power gating techniques applied on AES crypto-processor is depicted. The goal of power gating is to minimize leakage power by temporarily cutting power off to selective blocks that are not required in the current operation. This AES design was implemented using Verilog HDL and synthesized with Synopsys DC Compiler using Nangate 45 nm open cell library, physical design implementation and power gating was performed using SOC Encounter and achieved a power reduction up to 40%

Influence of Metal ions on growth and C-Phycocyanin production in Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis

The present investigation was performed to analyze the influence of metal ions on growth and pigmentation of A. platensis. The metal ions in sulfate forms in five different concentrations were utilized for experiments. MgSO4 at concentrations of 1g l-1 showed optimum cell mass productivity 37.5 mg L-1 day-1 with total chlorophyll and C-PC concentrations 27.0 and 22.0 mg g-1. Zinc and copper sulphate proved to be lethal with maximum depletion in growth as well as pigment synthesis of the cyanobacterium, at 1 g l-1 the cell mass productivity was reduced to 9.2 and 4.2 mg l-1 day-1 with 1.6 and1.8 mg g-1of total chlorophyll. The C-PC concentration was reduced to 6.3 and 6.0 mg g-1. Higher concentration of CuSO4 exhibited toxicity resulting in death of the isolate. NiSO4 in lowest concentration showed 19.6 % decrease in cell mass productivity with 42.6% and 30.14% decrease in total chlorophyll and C-PC content respectively whereas MnSO4 exhibited 10.97%, 36.06% and 2.29% decrease at minimum concentration

Uraria picta: A comprehensive review on evidences of utilization and strategies of conservation

Uraria picta (Jacq.) DC. (Prishnaparni) is one of the most important medicinal plants used in different traditional systems of medicines including the Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese medicine. The major use of this plant was found in the most popular Ayurvedic formulation “Dashmula” and in several many other important Ayurvedic formulations. IUCN placed this woody herb in the least concern category as per version 3.1. It has extensive therapeutic uses and pharmacological activities. Though this plant is a source of many phytochemicals, the uses are uncertain because the raw plant parts or crude extracts are being used in all formulations. Therefore, extensive investigations are necessary to focus on the identification of these phytochemicals. It is an urgent need to give special attention to collecting various aspects and more efforts are required in all areas for utilization and conservation of this valuable medicinal herb. Herein, a compilation of all information with various aspects has been presented, including the authors published work on Uraria picta. This review pursues attention towards biological activity, phytochemical profile, utilization, propagation and conservation of Uraria picta

Development of novel indentation-based stress relaxation tests to study transient plasticity in metals

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Length-scale discrepancy in the properties of epoxy resin specimens

In studies of the fibre-matrix interphase with microscale single fibre methods, the dependence of results on conversion of the thermoset resin – or degree of cure as it is often called – remains an issue. In the microbond method specifically, the curing of picolitre volume drop-on-fibre systems differs significantly from that of macroscale resin batches. The surface-to-volume ratio and vapour pressure can cause volatile components of the resin to evaporate, potentially limiting the degree of cure. Atomistic scale modelling along with experimental thermal analysis were used to understand the curing process and how it translates to resin properties, while nanoindentation was used to experimentally compare the mechanical performance of samples prepared in different length-scales. The evaporation is experimentally verified. Comparable variation in mechanical properties is shown in atomistic scale models of the epoxy network with no evaporation. The origin is in the network morphologies created by varying the curing process. Thus attributing the length-scale discrepancy solely to conversion is likely an oversimplification and understanding the network morphology from different curing conditions is also needed.Peer reviewe

Microscale Strain Localizations and Strain-Induced Martensitic Phase Transformation in Austenitic Steel 301LN at Different Strain Rates

Microscopic strain and strain-induced phase transformation during plastic deformation in metastable austenitic steel were investigated at different strain rates. Quasi in-situ tension tests were performed sequentially with well-defined elongation intervals at room temperature at strain rates of 10−3 s−1 and 10−1 s−1. The tests were monitored by high-resolution optical imaging with a microscopic lens at a resolution of 0.23 µm/pixel. The macroscopic temperature was also measured with an infrared (IR) camera. The microstructure-level strain localizations were observed on the surface of the etched specimens by means of microscale digital image correlation (µDIC). Additionally, the microstructure was characterized by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) at the same location before and after deformation. The results of the study indicated that microscopic strain localizations favored the formation of α′-martensite particles. At the lower strain rate, high local strain concentrations formed at several locations in the microstructure, correlating with the areas where the formation of large martensite islands occurred. Martensite particles of various sizes formed nearby each other at the lower strain rate, whereas at the higher strain rate, martensite islands remained small and isolated. Although the macroscopic increase in temperature at both the studied strain rates was very low, at the higher strain rate, local heating on the microscopic scale could take place at the newly nucleated martensite embryos. This inhibited the further growth of the martensite particles, and local strain distribution also remained more homogeneous than at the lower strain rate.publishedVersionPeer reviewe

Research Paper A Convenient One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Amino-4-Phenyl-1,8-Naphthyridine-3-Carbonitrile Derivatives

Abstract: A simple, efficient and one-pot procedure has been described for the synthesis of 2-amino-4-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carbonitrile derivatives. A mixture of 2-amino pyridine, malononitrile and aromatic aldehydes were reacted in presence of catalytic amount of 3-nitrophenylboronic acid as catalyst at room temperature to produce 2-amino-4-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carbonitriles. The mild reaction condition, short reaction time, high yield and simple experimental operation are the salient future of this method