928 research outputs found
TREATMENT OF LEUKEMIA AND RELATED DISORDERS WITH 6-MERCAPTOPURINE
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74802/1/j.1749-6632.1954.tb40034.x.pd
Primary Care as a Protective Factor: A Vision to Transform Health Care Delivery and Overcome Disparities in Health
A large body of research demonstrates that experiences of trauma, especially when they occur in the absence of safe, stable, nurturing relationships (SSNRs) and environments— known as protective factors— interrupt healthy development and predispose both children and adults to the most common causes of physical and mental illness and early death.1,2 Because minoritized and low-income populations are exposed to more trauma and have access to fewer protective factors, they experience higher rates of trauma-related health and social problems and severe disparities in health.1–4 Primary care clinicians increasingly recognize the role that trauma plays in the health and well-being of their patients. Many nonetheless feel they lack the knowledge, skills, resources, and time to effectively address the causes and consequences of trauma. There also is little recognition that primary care, itself, can be a protective factor
Dust heating by the interstellar radiation field in models of turbulent molecular clouds
We have calculated the radiation field, dust grain temperatures, and far
infrared emissivity of numerical models of turbulent molecular clouds. When
compared to a uniform cloud of the same mean optical depth, most of the volume
inside the turbulent cloud is brighter, but most of the mass is darker. There
is little mean attenuation from center to edge, and clumping causes the
radiation field to be somewhat bluer. There is also a large dispersion,
typically by a few orders of magnitude, of all quantities relative to their
means. However, despite the scatter, the 850 micron emission maps are well
correlated with surface density. The fraction of mass as a function of
intensity can be reproduced by a simple hierarchical model of density
structure.Comment: 32 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Ap
Effect of implementing a heart failure admission care bundle on hospital readmission and mortality rates: interrupted time series study
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of developing and implementing a care bundle intervention to improve care for patients with acute heart failure admitted to a large London hospital. The intervention comprised three elements, targeted within 24 hours of admission: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) test, transthoracic Doppler two-dimensional echocardiography and specialist review by cardiology team. The SHIFT-Evidence approach to quality improvement was used. During implementation, July 2015–July 2017, 1169 patients received the intervention. An interrupted time series design was used to evaluate impact on patient outcomes, including 15 618 admissions for 8951 patients. Mixed-effects multiple Poisson and log-linear regression models were fitted for count and continuous outcomes, respectively. Effect sizes are slope change ratios pre-intervention and post-intervention. The intervention was associated with reductions in emergency readmissions between 7 and 90 days (0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.00), although not readmissions between 0 and 7 days post-discharge. Improvements were seen in in-hospital mortality (0.96, 95% CI 0.95 to 0.98), and there was no change in trend for hospital length of stay. Care process changes were also evaluated. Compliance with NT-proBNP testing was already high in 2014/2015 (162 of 163, 99.4%) and decreased slightly, with increased numbers audited, to 2016/2017 (1082 of 1101, 98.2%). Over this period, rates of echocardiography (84.7–98.9%) and specialist input (51.6–90.4%) improved. Care quality and outcomes can be improved for patients with acute heart failure using a care bundle approach. A systematic approach to quality improvement, and robust evaluation design, can be beneficial in supporting successful improvement and learning
Statistical Assessment of Shapes and Magnetic Field Orientations in Molecular Clouds through Polarization Observations
We present a novel statistical analysis aimed at deriving the intrinsic
shapes and magnetic field orientations of molecular clouds using dust emission
and polarization observations by the Hertz polarimeter. Our observables are the
aspect ratio of the projected plane-of-the-sky cloud image, and the angle
between the mean direction of the plane-of-the-sky component of the magnetic
field and the short axis of the cloud image. To overcome projection effects due
to the unknown orientation of the line-of-sight, we combine observations from
24 clouds, assuming that line-of-sight orientations are random and all are
equally probable. Through a weighted least-squares analysis, we find that the
best-fit intrinsic cloud shape describing our sample is an oblate disk with
only small degrees of triaxiality. The best-fit intrinsic magnetic field
orientation is close to the direction of the shortest cloud axis, with small
(~24 deg) deviations toward the long/middle cloud axes. However, due to the
small number of observed clouds, the power of our analysis to reject
alternative configurations is limited.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
Міжнародна наукова конференція "Архівознавство як наука"
Проаналізовано внесок істориків і архівістів України в розвиток архівної науки. Вказуються основні розділи архівознавства як науки, що вимагають подальших досліджень.Проанализирован вклад историков и архивистов Украины в развитие архивной науки. Указываются основные разделы архивоведения как науки, которые требуют дальнейших исследований.A contribution of Ukrainian historians and archivists to the archival science development is covered. The basic sections of the archival science which need the further study are indicated
A “How-To” Guide for Designing Judgment Bias Studies to Assess Captive Animal Welfare
Robust methods to assess nonhuman animal emotion are essential for ensuring good welfare in captivity. Cognitive bias measures such as the judgment bias task have recently emerged as promising tools to assess animal emotion. The simple design and objective response measures make judgment bias tasks suitable for use across species and contexts. In reviewing 64 studies published to date, it emerged that (a) judgment biases have been measured in a number of mammals and birds and an invertebrate; (b) no study has tested judgment bias in any species of fish, amphibian, or reptile; and (c) no study has yet investigated judgment bias in a zoo or aquarium. This article proposes that judgment bias measures are highly suitable for use with these understudied taxa and can provide new insight into welfare in endangered species housed in zoos and aquariums, where poor welfare impacts breeding success and, ultimately, species survival. The article includes a “how-to” guide to designing judgment bias tests with recommendations for working with currently neglected “exotics” including fishes, amphibians, and reptiles
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