Determinants of hypertension among diabetic patients in southern Ethiopia: a case-control study

Abstract Background Hypertension, among diabetic patients, is a worldwide public-health challenge and a number one modifiable risk factor for other cardiovascular diseases and death. The prevalence of hypertension among the diabetic population is nearly twice of nondiabetic patients. Screening and prevention of risk factors for hypertension based on evidence from local studies is required to minimize the burden of hypertension among diabetic patients. This study is aimed at assessing the determinants of hypertension among diabetic patients in Wolaita Sodo University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Southern Ethiopia, 2022. Methods Facility-based unmatched case-control study design was conducted from March 15 to April 15, 2022, at the outpatient diabetic clinic, Wolaita Sodo University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. A total of 345 diabetic patients were selected using systematic random sampling techniques. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire by interviewing and extracting from the medical chart of patients. Bivariate logistic regression followed by multiple logistic analysis was used to identify the determinants of hypertension among diabetic patients. A p-value less than 0.05 is considered to be statistically significant. Results The significant determinants of hypertension among diabetes patients were being overweight [AOR = 2.06, 95% CI (1.1, 3.89), P = 0.025], being obese [AOR = 2.64, 95% CI (1.22, 5.70), P = 0.013], lack of Moderate intensity exercise [AOR = 2.41, 95% CI (1.36,4.24), P = 0.002], age [AOR = 1.03, 95% CI (1.01, 1.06), P = 0.011], Type 2 diabetes mellitus [AOR = 5.05, 95% CI (1.28, 19.88), P = 0.021], duration of diabetes mellitus ≥ 6 years [AOR = 7.47, 95% CI (2.02, 27.57), P = 0.003], diabetic nephropathy [AOR = 3.87, 95% CI (1.13, 13.29), P = 0.032], and urban residence [AOR = 2.11, 95% CI (1.04,4.29), P = 0.04]. Conclusion Being overweight and obese, lack of moderate-intensity exercise, age, type 2 diabetes mellitus, duration of Diabetes ≥ 6 years, presence of diabetic nephropathy, and being urban residents were significant determinants of hypertension among diabetic patients. These risk factors can be targeted by health professionals for prevention and earlier detection of hypertension among diabetic patients

sj-docx-3-whe-10.1177_17455057241235881 – Supplemental material for Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and factors associated among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Supplemental material, sj-docx-3-whe-10.1177_17455057241235881 for Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and factors associated among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Yordanos Sisay Asgedom, Gizachew Ambaw Kassie, Beshada Zerfu Woldegeorgis, Mengistu Meskele Koyira and Tsegaye Melaku Kebede in Women’s Health</p

sj-docx-1-whe-10.1177_17455057241235881 – Supplemental material for Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and factors associated among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-whe-10.1177_17455057241235881 for Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and factors associated among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Yordanos Sisay Asgedom, Gizachew Ambaw Kassie, Beshada Zerfu Woldegeorgis, Mengistu Meskele Koyira and Tsegaye Melaku Kebede in Women’s Health</p

Determinants of mortality among pediatric patients admitted to Wolaita Sodo University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital with acute bacterial meningitis, Southern Ethiopia: an unmatched case–control study

Abstract Background People of all ages suffer from acute bacterial meningitis, but children are the most vulnerable, accounting for over 50% of all cases and deaths in children under the age of five. It is the leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and long-term suffering worldwide. Children are at great risk of disease and mortality due to a lack of specific immunity associated with their young age. As a result, determinants of death were found among pediatric patients treated with acute bacterial meningitis at Wolaita Sodo University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Southern Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based unmatched case–control study was conducted on pediatric patients admitted with acute bacterial meningitis at Wolaita Sodo University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from July 1, 2019, to June 30, 2022. A total of 355 (71 cases and 284 controls) pediatric medical charts were used for data extraction using a preestablished checklist. Data were checked for completeness and consistency, entered into Epi-Data version 4.6 software, and transported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent determinants of acute bacterial meningitis mortality at a P value of  = 6) with a history of initial antibiotic change, malnutrition, more than one comorbidity, and worse clinical characteristics were related to greater death due to acute bacterial mortality in this study

sj-docx-2-whe-10.1177_17455057241235881 – Supplemental material for Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and factors associated among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-whe-10.1177_17455057241235881 for Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and factors associated among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Yordanos Sisay Asgedom, Gizachew Ambaw Kassie, Beshada Zerfu Woldegeorgis, Mengistu Meskele Koyira and Tsegaye Melaku Kebede in Women’s Health</p

Additional file 1 of Mortality and its predictors among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children younger than 15 years receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Supplementary Material

Forest plot displaying subgroup analysis by regimen changes on the pooled incidence of treatment failure among patients with HIV on second-line antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia, 2023.

Abbreviations: ES, effect Size; CI, Confidence Interval.</p

Forest plot displaying sensitivity analysis on the pooled incidence of treatment failure among patients with HIV on second-line antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia, 2023.

Forest plot displaying sensitivity analysis on the pooled incidence of treatment failure among patients with HIV on second-line antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia, 2023.</p

Forest plot displaying subgroup analysis on the pooled incidence of treatment failure among patients with HIV on second-line antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia, 2023.

Abbreviations: ES, effect Size; CI, Confidence Interval.</p

PRISMA 2020 checklist.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) treatment failure remains a major public health concern, with multidimensional consequences, including an increased risk of drug resistance, compromised quality of life, and high healthcare costs. However, little is known about the outcomes of second-line ART in Ethiopia. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the incidence and determinants of second-line ART treatment failure. Articles published in PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Scopus databases were systematically searched. All observational studies on the incidence and predictors of treatment failure among patients with HIV on second-line ART were included. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled incidence, and subgroup analysis was performed to identify the possible sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was checked using forest plot, Begg’s test, and Egger’s test. The pooled odds ratio was also computed for associated factors. Seven studies with 3,962 study participants were included in this study. The pooled incidence of second-line antiretroviral treatment failure was 5.98 (95% CI: 4.32, 7.63) per 100 person-years of observation. Being in the advanced WHO clinical stage at switch (AHR = 2.98, 95% CI: 2.11, 4.25), having a CD4 count </div