Molto tardi ma troppo presto… il prof. Angelo Chiavaro e la laurea in odontoiatria italiana

La nascita della Laurea in Odontoiatria in Italia è stata molto contrastata e solo nel 1980 ha visto la sua effettiva realizzazione. Molto "istruttiva" al riguardo è la vicenda relativa all'istituzione nel 1924, periodo della presa di potere da parte del Fascismo, di una "Scuola Nazionale di Odontoiatria" presso l'Università di Roma, revocata appena dieci mesi dopo. Il maggiore sostenitore e propugnatore della Scuola, il prof. Angelo Chiavaro, venne dopo qualche anno "punito" con il trasferimento d'ufficio dall'Università di Roma a quella di Genova. Presentiamo alcune brevi note relative alla biografia di questo coraggioso precursore e alla vicenda di cui fu protagonista.Ključne riječ

Very late but too early... prof. Angelo Chiavaro and the Italian degree in dentistry

La nascita della Laurea in Odontoiatria in Italia è stata molto contrastata e solo nel 1980 ha visto la sua effettiva realizzazione. Molto ”istruttiva” al riguardo è la vicenda relativa all’istituzione nel 1924, periodo della presa di potere da parte del Fascismo, di una “Scuola Nazionale di Odontoiatria” presso l’Università di Roma, revocata appena dieci mesi dopo. Il maggiore sostenitore e propugnatore della Scuola, il prof. Angelo Chiavaro, venne dopo qualche anno “punito” con il trasferimento d’ufficio dall’Università di Roma a quella di Genova. Presentiamo alcune brevi note relative alla biografia di questo coraggioso precursore e alla vicenda di cui fu protagonista.The birth of the Degree in Dentistry in Italy has been very troubled, and only in 1980 saw its effective implementation. Very “instructive” in this regard is the history on the establishment in 1924 (the period of the seizure of power by Fascism) of a “National School of Dentistry” at the University of Rome, which was withdrawn after only ten months. The biggest supporter and proponent of the School, Prof. Angelo Chiavaro, after a few years, was “punished” with the transfer from the University of Rome to that of Genoa. We present some brief notes on the biography of this courageous pioneer and the matter of which he was the protagonist

The newly discovered Odyssea Drift (Ross Sea): preliminary results

The Hillary Canyon is one of the main conduits for dense shelf water forming in the Ross Sea, over-flowing the shelf edge and transforming into the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). The main changes in past ocean circulation are recorded in the adjacent sediment drift. A wealth of data was acquired on the drift west of the Hillary Canyon during the 2017 OGS Explora expedition, which included the PNRA ODYSSEA and EUROFLEETS ANTSSS projects. The multi-disciplinary dataset acquired includes: single channel seismics, sub-bottom profiling, multibeam bathymetry, gravity and box cores, XBT launching, water sampling, CTD, L-ADCP, ADCP-VM, turbidity and florescence profiling. The sediment drift, which we named Odyssea Drift, is elongated in the NNE direction with dimensions of several tens of km. Prominent landslide scars and a giant landslide deposit, over 70 ms thick and spanning 200 km2, are visible on the drift. The sediment cores evidence well-developed cross beddings suggesting the effect of vigorous bottom currents. The oceanographic data show a ⇠200 m thick layer, near the bottom, with AABW characteristics (potential temperature < 0 C). The deeper layer displays also a strong velocity, mainly flowing along the isobaths. The energetic mixing between the along slope currents, mainly CDW, and the RSBW coming from the basin interior increase the turbidity of the bottom boundary layer. Our results will be merged with those obtained from the 2018 IODP drilling expedition 374 to develop a conceptual model of sediment deposition relating to marine-based ice sheet and oceanic processes along the Ross Sea continental margin occurring through the Neogene and Quaternary

A multi-element psychosocial intervention for early psychosis (GET UP PIANO TRIAL) conducted in a catchment area of 10 million inhabitants: study protocol for a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial

Multi-element interventions for first-episode psychosis (FEP) are promising, but have mostly been conducted in non-epidemiologically representative samples, thereby raising the risk of underestimating the complexities involved in treating FEP in 'real-world' services

Relationship between preterm birth and developmental defects of enamel: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: A putative relationship between preterm birth and developmental defects of enamel (DDE) has been described in the literature. Although systematic reviews have found preterm birth may lead to DDE, the effect size has not been quantified. Aim: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the association between preterm birth and DDE. Design: An electronic search was performed in Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science to identify relevant studies. Two independent reviewers selected the studies in a two-stage process in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The risk of bias was also analysed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale criteria. Results: A total of 1041 publications were considered after an electronic search, 20 of which were included in the systematic review. Of these 20 publications,18 articles were included in a meta-analysis. The meta-analysis detected an increased risk of developing DDE in preterm children [OR: 3.27 (95% CI 2.02, 5.30; p<0.001)], with a greater risk in the primary dentition. In addition to this, a subgroup analysis showed a greater risk in the development of hypoplasia in preterm children. Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis showed a three times increased risk of developing DDE in preterm children

Factors influencing the recurrence of keratocysts: monocentric study

Introduction: The purpose of the study was to retrospectively analyse the recurrence rate of odontogenic keratocysts and to identify eventual features of the lesions that may influence recurrence. Material and methods: This was a retrospective study carried out for a period of 3 years. The medical records of patients treated in our institution were analysed to identify all the cases of odontogenic keratocysts. Results: A total of 16 odontogenic keratocysts were recorded. These lesions were treated with simple enucleation with or without adjuvant Carnoy's solution. The relapse occurred in 4 patients treated with simple enucleation and in none of the patients that underwent enucleation and Carnoy's solution application. The kind of treatment appeared not to influence recurrence rate at statistical analysis. Conclusions: Odontogenic keratocyst is a lesion with a locally aggressive behavior and a high tendency to relapse. This tendency of recurrence may be greater with syndromic presentation of odontogenic keratocyst, with soft tissue involvement, and with teeth proximity to the lesion. The application of Carnoy's solution may be useful to minimize recurrence rate in those odontogenic keratocysts with an aggressive clinical behavior and secondly may be used for all the other lesions treated with simple enucleation that experienced relapse

Rapid prototyping: applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery

This article documents four mandibular reconstructions performed using free fibula flaps. CT scan DICOM (Digital Imaging and COmmunication in Medicine) files were obtained in order to print stereolithographic models of the mandible, and in one case cutting guides for fibular osteotomies. One case study details the treatment a cancer recurrence on a right emimandibulectomy. Because of a lack of access to previous CT scans, the left part of the mandible was mirrored to obtain an accurate 3D model. In one case, due to the young age of the woman, a double barrel fibula flap was used. All cases resulted in satisfactory chewing function and aesthetic outcome, with no flap failures. The report concludes that Virtual Planning and Rapid Prototyping are helpful as they reduce costs and intraoperative times while simultaneously improving surgical precision

Sessione S 15. Polar region on a changing planet: learning from the past, exploring the future

Sessione S 15. Polar region on a changing planet: learning from the past, exploring the future The polar areas are complex, interlinked systems whose environmental changes driven by climate variations have a fundamental impact on the rest of the planet. Ice melting associated to increasing atmospheric and ocean surface temperatures, is responsible for progressive sea level rise threatening coastal urbanization and infrastructures, and alteration of the atmosphere-ocean coupling system responsible for precipitation patterns around the world. The information about past climate changes are especially guarded in the glacial and geological records of the polar areas, very sensitive also to small temperature changes which can lead to large environmental feedback. This session welcomes contributions reporting the state-of-the-art in polar sciences, including geology, oceanography, glacial geology and geomorphology, glaciology and related modelling exploring the future climatic trend of polar region