13 research outputs found

    Tropical cyclone integrated kinetic energy in an ensemble of HighResMIP simulations

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    This study investigates tropical cyclone integrated kinetic energy, a measure which takes into account the intensity and the size of the storms and which is closely associated with their damage potential, in three different global climate models integrated following the HighResMIP protocol. In particular, the impact of horizontal resolution and of the ocean coupling are assessed. We find that, while the increase in resolution results in smaller and more intense storms, the integrated kinetic energy of individual cyclones remains relatively similar between the two configurations. On the other hand, atmosphere-ocean coupling tends to reduce the size and the intensity of the storms, resulting in lower integrated kinetic energy in that configuration. Comparing cyclone integrated kinetic energy between a present and a future scenario did not reveal significant differences between the two periods

    Hyperspectral Core-Logging for Past Primary Productivity Assessment

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    International audiencePast primary productivity is tracked in lake sediments to reconstruct environmental changes. However, the resolution of the routinely used destructive techniques is not suitable for the analysis of a large number of samples due to cost. Non-destructive analysis of chlorophyll-a performed by hyperspectral imagery enables the quick determination of indices of past primary productivity. Eighteen indices used in paleo-environmental reconstruction were inventoried to define the best index capable of tracking chlorophyll-a by this technique. All the indices were applied to hyperspectral data measured on the sediment of Lake Bresson, in which detrital organic matter input is likely to skew chlorophyll-a identification, and the results were compared with concentrations measured by a routinely used destructive analysis. The 18 indices all produced a different result and only three indices were positively correlated with chlorophyll-a concentrations (n = 28, p < 0.0001). The detrital organic matter impacts chlorophyll-a characterization and shows the bias produced by the sediment matrix variations. Moreover, artificial modification of the sediment matrix revealed an impact of the mineral phase. To tackle this issue, the indices are normalized by two proxies of the sediment components. This new approach reduces the impact of detrital organic matter, hence the sediment matrix variations also reduce the normalization of the chlorophyll-a indices by a specific proxy of the mineral phase. These results identify the impact of local geochemical features that limit past primary productivity assessment and show the necessity of characterizing the sediment composition prior to tracking the chlorophyll-a by hyperspectral imaging

    Hyperspectral core logging for fire reconstruction studies

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    (IF 2.01; Q1)International audienceLacustrine sediments contain a wide rangeof proxies that enable paleoenvironmental reconstructions.For instance, charcoal can be used to documentpast fire regime changes. In order to analyse hightemporal-and spatial-resolution records, however, it isnecessary to develop fast, low-cost and high-stratigraphic-resolution methods. We developed a newpaleo-fire proxy by studying a lacustrine core from theEsterel Massif, SE France, an area affected by tworecent fire events, in AD 1987 and 2003. For thispurpose, we searched for charcoal deposited andpreserved in the lake sediments by combining anumber of complementary methods, including: classicmacrocharcoal tallying, scanning spectrophotometry,scanning hyperspectral imaging and high pressureliquid chromatography analyses. Macrocharcoalquantification is efficient, but time-consuming, andonly provides intermediate-resolution data (cm scale).Spectrophotometry, used classically to quantify colour,is very fast, provides high-resolution data (4 mm)and is non-destructive (core preservation). Hyperspectraldata have the same advantages as spectrophotometry,but offer higher spatial resolution (64-lm pixelsize) and higher spectral resolution (6 nm) for corelogging applications. The main result of this researchis based on hyperspectral analysis at very highstratigraphic resolution using the I-band index. Thisindex usually measures reflectance values at [660,670 nm] corresponding to the trough in red reflectanceproduced by Chlorophyll a and its diagenetic products
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