9,643 research outputs found
Risk and protective factors for release in outpatients with schizophrenia
eposterWe aim to determine risk and protective factors influencing relapse incidence in outpatient with schizophrenia.
A longitudinal, observational study was done with outpatients with schizophrenia (F20) or schizoaffective disorder (F25)(DMS-IV and ICD-10), without hospitalization during the previous 6 months. The patients were consecutively included into the study to received oral (O-A) or long-acting injectable (depot-A) antipsychotics. Clinical stage evolution, compliance, efficacy and safety assessments (including PANSS, CGI-SSI, hospitalization rates, and adverse events) were recorded before and after 6 and 12 months of treatment.
Results: 60 outpatients (aged 34.5±8.9, male 73%), 75% schizophrenia and 25% schizoaffective disorder diagnosis, 68.3% fewer than 15 years of schizophrenia evolution, 76.7% fewer than 5 times previous hospitalizations were treated with O-A (41.7%) or depot-A (58.3%) antipsychotics for at least one year. Depot-A treated patients showed a significant higher compliance compared to O-A patients during the all following time, lower PANSS (total, positive and negative) scores and CGI-SSI score (p<0.01), and a delayed relapse incidence and re-hospitalization to more than 1 year in the 48% of patients (relapse % depot/% oral) after 6 months 22.9%/52.0%, and after 12 months 48.6%/4.0%.
Conclusion: There were protective factors which delayed relapse incidence in schizophrenia: Use of sustained-release preparations, family support. There were risk factors for occurrence of relapse in schizophrenia: cocaine, heroin and alcohol consumption, absence of family support, greater severity of patients assessed through CGI-SI, male sex, age older than 25 years and long-term evolution of the disorder.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional AndalucĂa Tech
Microwave background anisotropies in quasiopen inflation
Quasiopenness seems to be generic to multi-field models of single-bubble open
inflation. Instead of producing infinite open universes, these models actually
produce an ensemble of very large but finite inflating islands. In this paper
we study the possible constraints from CMB anisotropies on existing models of
open inflation. The effect of supercurvature anisotropies combined with the
quasiopenness of the inflating regions make some models incompatible with
observations, and severely reduces the parameter space of others. Supernatural
open inflation and the uncoupled two-field model seem to be ruled out due to
these constraints for values of . Others, such as the
open hybrid inflation model with suitable parameters for the slow roll
potential can be made compatible with observations.Comment: 19 pages, ReVTeX, 10 figures inserted with eps
Complete power spectrum for an induced gravity open inflation model
We study the phenomenological constraints on a recently proposed model of
open inflation in the context of induced gravity. The main interest of this
model is the relatively small number of parameters, which may be constrained by
many different types of observation. We evaluate the complete spectrum of
density perturbations, which contains continuum sub-curvature modes, a discrete
super curvature mode, and a mode associated with fluctuations in the bubble
wall. From these, we compute the angular power spectrum of temperature
fluctuations in the microwave background, and derive bounds on the parameters
of the model so that the predicted spectrum is compatible with the observed
anisotropy of the microwave background and with large-scale structure
observations. We analyze the matter era and the approach of the model to
general relativity. The model passes all existing constraints.Comment: 12 pages RevTeX file with four figures incorporated (uses RevTeX and
epsf). Also available by e-mailing ARL, or by WWW at
http://star-www.maps.susx.ac.uk/papers/early_papers.html Only change is
additional reference
Galaxy correlations and the BAO in a void universe: structure formation as a test of the Copernican Principle
A suggested solution to the dark energy problem is the void model, where
accelerated expansion is replaced by Hubble-scale inhomogeneity. In these
models, density perturbations grow on a radially inhomogeneous background. This
large scale inhomogeneity distorts the spherical Baryon Acoustic Oscillation
feature into an ellipsoid which implies that the bump in the galaxy correlation
function occurs at different scales in the radial and transverse correlation
functions. We compute these for the first time, under the approximation that
curvature gradients do not couple the scalar modes to vector and tensor modes.
The radial and transverse correlation functions are very different from those
of the concordance model, even when the models have the same average BAO scale.
This implies that if void models are fine-tuned to satisfy average BAO data,
there is enough extra information in the correlation functions to distinguish a
void model from the concordance model. We expect these new features to remain
when the full perturbation equations are solved, which means that the radial
and transverse galaxy correlation functions can be used as a powerful test of
the Copernican Principle.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, matches published versio
DASH Adaptation Algorithm Based on Adaptive Forgetting Factor Estimation
The wide adoption of multimedia service capable mobile devices, the
availability of better networks with higher bandwidths, and the availability of
platforms offering digital content has led to an increasing popularity of
multimedia streaming services. However, multimedia streaming services can be
subject to different factors that affect the quality perceived by the users,
such as service interruptions or quality oscillations due to changing network
conditions, particularly in mobile networks. Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over
HTTP (DASH), leverages the use of content-distribution networks and the
capabilities of the multimedia devices to allow multimedia players to
dynamically adapt the quality of the media streaming to the available bandwidth
and the device characteristics. While many elements of DASH are standardized,
the algorithms providing the dynamic adaptation of the streaming are not. The
adaptation is often based on the estimation of the throughput or a buffer
control mechanism. In this paper, we present a new throughput estimation
adaptation algorithm based on a statistical method named Adaptive Forgetting
Factor (AFF). Using this method, the adaptation logic is able to react
appropriately to the different conditions of different types of networks. A set
of experiments with different traffic profiles show that the proposed algorithm
improves video quality performance in both wired and wireless environments.Comment: 11 page
The radial BAO scale and Cosmic Shear, a new observable for Inhomogeneous Cosmologies
As an alternative explanation of the dimming of distant supernovae it has
recently been advocated that we live in a special place in the Universe near
the centre of a large spherical void described by a Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB)
metric. In this scenario, the Universe is no longer homogeneous and isotropic,
and the apparent late time acceleration is actually a consequence of spatial
gradients. We propose in this paper a new observable, the normalized cosmic
shear, written in terms of directly observable quantities, and calculable in
arbitrary inhomogeneous cosmologies. This will allow future surveys to
determine whether we live in a homogeneous universe or not. In this paper we
also update our previous observational constraints from geometrical measures of
the background cosmology. We include the Union Supernovae data set of 307 Type
Ia supernovae, the CMB acoustic scale and the first measurement of the radial
baryon acoustic oscillation scale. Even though the new data sets are
significantly more constraining, LTB models -- albeit with slightly larger
voids -- are still in excellent agreement with observations, at chi^2/d.o.f. =
307.7/(310-4)=1.005. Together with the paper we also publish the updated
easyLTB code used for calculating the models and for comparing them to the
observations.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, the code can be downloaded at
http://www.phys.au.dk/~haugboel/software.shtm
Antiprogestagen RU486 prevents the LH-dependent decrease in the serum concentrations of inhibin in the rat
1. In the rat, the LH-dependent ovarian progesterone rise mediates several actions of the primary surge of LH on the ovary. This experiment was aimed at elucidating the effects of the antiprogestagen RU486 on the LH- dependent decrease in both the serum concentrations and the ovarian content of inhibin. 2. All rats in this experiment were treated with an antagonist of LHRH (1 mg/200 μl saline at 0800 b in proestrus) to supress the endogenous release of LH. One group of rats received 32 μg LH/250 μl saline at 1200h in proestrus. Other group was given 4 mg RU486/200 μl oil at 0800 h in proestrus. The third group was injected with both RU486 and LH. Rats from the control group were injected with 250 μl saline and 200 μl oil. Animals were decapitated at 1700 h in proestrus and trunk blood and ovaries collected to determine the serum concentrations of LH, FSH, progesterone, 17β-estradiol and inhibin as well as the ovarian content of inhibin. 3. The ovulatory dose of LH in LHRHα-treated rats decreased both the serum concentrations and the ovarian content of inhibin and increased the serum concentrations of FSH. The administration of RU486 blocked the effect of LH on the serum concentrations of inhibin but not that on the ovarian content of inhibin. 4. Since the antiprogestagen RU486 blocked the effect of LH on the serum concentrations of inhibin, we conclude that ovarian progesterone, besides mediating the effects of the primary LH surge on the ovulatory process and luteinization, participates in the LH-dependent drop in the serum concentrations of inhibin in proestrous afternoon
Metric perturbations in two-field inflation
We study the metric perturbations produced during inflation in models with
two scalar fields evolving simultaneously. In particular, we emphasize how the
large-scale curvature perturbation on fixed energy density
hypersurfaces may not be conserved in general for multiple field inflation due
to the presence of entropy as well as adiabatic fluctuations. We show that the
usual method of solving the linearized perturbation equations is equivalent to
the recently proposed analysis of Sasaki and Stewart in terms of the perturbed
expansion along neighboring trajectories in field-space. In the case of a
separable potential it is possible to compute in the slow-roll approximation
the spectrum of density perturbations and gravitational waves at the end of
inflation. In general there is an inequality between the ratio of tensor to
scalar perturbations and the tilt of the gravitational wave spectrum, which
becomes an equality when only adiabatic perturbations are possible and
is conserved.Comment: RevTex, 9 pages, 1 uuencoded figure appended, also available on WWW
via http://star.maps.susx.ac.uk/index.htm
Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing
ArtĂculo escrito por un elevado nĂşmero de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboraciĂłn, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMWe present the first cosmology results from large-scale structure using the full 5000 deg2 of imaging data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Data Release 1. We perform an analysis of large-scale structure combining three two-point correlation functions (3 Ă— 2pt): (i) cosmic shear using 100 million source galaxies, (ii) galaxy clustering, and (iii) the cross-correlation of source galaxy shear with lens galaxy positions, galaxy-galaxy lensing. To achieve the cosmological precision enabled by these measurements has required updates to nearly every part of the analysis from DES Year 1, including the use of two independent galaxy clustering samples, modeling advances, and several novel improvements in the calibration of gravitational shear and photometric redshift inference. The analysis was performed under strict conditions to mitigate confirmation or observer bias; we describe specific changes made to the lens galaxy sample following unblinding of the results and tests of the robustness of our results to this decision. We model the data within the flat ΛCDM and wCDM cosmological models, marginalizing over 25 nuisance parameters. We find consistent cosmological results between the three two-point correlation functions; their combination yields clustering amplitude S8 = 0.776-0.017+0.017 and matter density ωm = 0.339-0.031+0.032 in ΛCDM, mean with 68% confidence limits; S8 = 0.775-0.024+0.026, ωm = 0.352-0.041+0.035, and dark energy equation-of-state parameter w = -0.98-0.20+0.32 in wCDM. These constraints correspond to an improvement in signal-to-noise of the DES Year 3 3 Ă— 2pt data relative to DES Year 1 by a factor of 2.1, about 20% more than expected from the increase in observing area alone. This combination of DES data is consistent with the prediction of the model favored by the Planck 2018 cosmic microwave background (CMB) primary anisotropy data, which is quantified with a probability-to-exceed p=0.13-0.48. We find better agreement between DES 3 Ă— 2pt and Planck than in DES Y1, despite the significantly improved precision of both. When combining DES 3 Ă— 2pt data with available baryon acoustic oscillation, redshift-space distortion, and type Ia supernovae data, we find p = 0.34. Combining all of these datasets with Planck CMB lensing yields joint parameter constraints of S8 = 0.812-0.008+0.008, ωm = 0.306-0.005+0.004, h = 0.680-0.003+0.004, and mν<0.13 eV (95% C.L.) in ΛCDM; S8 = 0.812-0.008+0.008, ωm=0.302-0.006+0.006, h = 0.687-0.007+0.006, and w = -1.031-0.027+0.030 in wCD
Ringing the eigenmodes from compact manifolds
We present a method for finding the eigenmodes of the Laplace operator acting
on any compact manifold. The procedure can be used to simulate cosmic microwave
background fluctuations in multi-connected cosmological models. Other
applications include studies of chaotic mixing and quantum chaos.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, IOP format. To be published in the proceedings
of the Cleveland Cosmology and Topology Workshop 17-19 Oct 1997. Submitted to
Class. Quant. Gra
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