Die Cusanus-Edition der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften : ein Bericht über das Cusanus-Projekt der Heidelberger Akademie / von Werner Beierwaltes. Internetausgabe erstellt von Gabriele Dörflinger, Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2011

Die Cusanus-Kommission der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften betreute von 1927 bis 2005 die Herausgabe der Werke des Philosophen und Kirchenpolitikers Nikolaus Cusanus (1401-1464), der sich auch als Mathematiker und Naturwissenschaftler betätigte

Integument: Guidelines for the Care of People with Spina Bifida

PURPOSE: Skin-related issues have a significant impact on health, activities of daily living, and quality of life among people with spina bifida. Data presented by select clinics that participate in the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry reported that 26% of individuals had a history of pressure injuries with 19% having had one in the past year. The spina bifida community lack direct guidelines on prevention of these and other skin related issues. The Integument (skin) Guidelines focus on prevention, not treatment, of existing problems. METHODS: Using a consensus building methodology, the guidelines were written by experts in spina bifida and wound care. RESULTS: The guidelines include age-grouped, evidence-based guidelines written in the context of an understanding of the whole person. They are presented in table format according to the age of the person with spina bifida. CONCLUSION: These guidelines present a standardized approach to prevention of skin-related issues in spina bifida. Discovering what results in successful minimization of skin-related issues with testing of technology or prevention strategies is the next step in protecting this vulnerable population

Bowel Function and Care - Guidelines for the Care of People with Spina Bifida

PURPOSE: Bowel dysfunction, such as constipation and fecal incontinence, has a significant impact on health, activities of daily living, and quality of life among people with spina bifida. Secondary complications may result from bowel dysfunction and include urologic dysfunction, loss of skin integrity, shunt (hydrocephalus) function, as well as loss of social opportunities and employability. METHODS: Using a consensus building methodology, the guidelines for management of bowel dysfunction in spina bifida were written by experts in the field of spina bifida and bowel function and care. RESULTS: The evidence-based guidelines are presented in table format and provide age-specific recommendations to achieve fecal continence without constipation. Recommended treatments are presented from least to most invasive options. Literature supporting the recommendations and the interval research published to date is also presented. CONCLUSION: These guidelines present a standardized approach to management of bowel dysfunction in spina bifida. Bowel management in children and young adults with spina bifida is limited by variability in clinical practice and paucity of robust research in neurogenic bowel. Collaborative multi-institutional efforts are needed to overcome research barriers and provide innovative solutions

Free radical scavenging reverses fructose-induced salt-sensitive hypertension

We have previously reported that a moderate dietary supplementation of 20% fructose but not glucose leads to a salt-sensitive hypertension related to increased proximal sodium-hydrogen exchanger activity and increased renal sodium retention. We also found that while high salt increased renal nitric oxide formation, this was retarded in the presence of fructose intake. We hypothesized that at least part of the pathway leading to fructose-induced salt-sensitive hypertension could be due to fructose-induced formation of reactive oxygen species and inappropriate stimulation of renin secretion, all of which would contribute to an increase in blood pressure. We found that both 20% fructose intake and a high-salt diet stimulated 8-isoprostane excretion. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic tempol significantly reduced this elevated excretion. Next, we placed rats on a high-salt diet (4%) for 1 week in combination with normal rat chow or 20% fructose with or without chronic tempol administration. A fructose plus high-salt diet induced a rapid increase (15 mmHg) in systolic blood pressure and reversed high salt suppression of plasma renin activity. Tempol treatment reversed the pressor response and restored high salt suppression of renin. We conclude that fructose-induced salt-sensitive hypertension is driven by increased renal reactive oxygen species formation associated with salt retention and an enhanced renin-angiotensin system

Free radical scavenging reverses fructose-induced salt-sensitive hypertension

We have previously reported that a moderate dietary supplementation of 20% fructose but not glucose leads to a salt-sensitive hypertension related to increased proximal sodium-hydrogen exchanger activity and increased renal sodium retention. We also found that while high salt increased renal nitric oxide formation, this was retarded in the presence of fructose intake. We hypothesized that at least part of the pathway leading to fructose-induced salt-sensitive hypertension could be due to fructose-induced formation of reactive oxygen species and inappropriate stimulation of renin secretion, all of which would contribute to an increase in blood pressure. We found that both 20% fructose intake and a high-salt diet stimulated 8-isoprostane excretion. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic tempol significantly reduced this elevated excretion. Next, we placed rats on a high-salt diet (4%) for 1 week in combination with normal rat chow or 20% fructose with or without chronic tempol administration. A fructose plus high-salt diet induced a rapid increase (15 mmHg) in systolic blood pressure and reversed high salt suppression of plasma renin activity. Tempol treatment reversed the pressor response and restored high salt suppression of renin. We conclude that fructose-induced salt-sensitive hypertension is driven by increased renal reactive oxygen species formation associated with salt retention and an enhanced renin-angiotensin system

Applications of [131I]m-iodobenzylguanidine ([131I]MIBG)

The development of the aralkylguanidine [131I]m-iodobenzylguanidine ([131I]MIBG) in the University of Michigan Nuclear Medicine Division has led to diagnostic and therapeutic evaluations of all the neuroendocrine tumors. These tumors share the property of uptake, storage and release of [131I]MIBG uptake in chromaffin granules. This property has allowed the detection of pheochromocytomas, the detection of metastases in 46% of such patients, the treatment of malignant pheochromocytomas, the detection of neuroblastoma metastases, the treatment of neuroblastomas and the detection of a percent of apudomas. We have learned how to improve our results and this is discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/26908/1/0000474.pd

Synthesis of 125 I‐labeled 14‐iodo‐9‐tetradecynoic acid

The synthesis and radioiodide exchange labelling of 14‐iodo‐9‐tetradecynoic acid (1), a potential suicide inhibitor of acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase or enoyl‐CoA isomerase, is presented. Tissue distribution data in dogs are reported.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90063/1/2580180911_ftp.pd

Role of neuropeptide Y in the development of two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertension in the rat

AbstractObjective: Along with the renin-angiotensin system, sympathetic stimulation may contribute to renovascular hypertension. The vasoactive peptide neuropeptide Y (NPY) is co-released with and potentiates the pressor effects of norepinephrine through the Y-1 receptor. NPY, by exaggerating sympathetic activity, may contribute to renovascular hypertension, possibly by augmenting adrenergic-mediated renin release. This was studied by determining the effect of continuous Y-1 blockade on the development of two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertension and the effect of NPY on in vitro renin release. Methods: Mean arterial pressure and renal blood flow responses to NPY (10 μg/kg, administered intravenously) were measured in five anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats before and after BIBO3304TF administration to test the Y-1 antagonist BIBO3304TF. In hypertension studies, 28 rats underwent left renal artery clipping. Of these, 13 were implanted with a mini-osmotic pump for continuous BIBO3304TF infusion (0.3 μg/h, administered intravenously); the other 15 underwent sham implantation. Systolic blood pressure was then monitored for 4 weeks. Finally, in vitro renin release was measured from renal cortical slices (n = 6-12) incubated with NPY (10–8 to 10–6 mol/L) or NPY plus the adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (10–4 mol/L). Results: BIBO3304TF attenuated the NPY-induced increase in mean arterial pressure by 54% (P <.02) and the NPY-induced decrease in renal blood flow by 38% (P <.05). In 4-week hypertension studies, systolic blood pressure in clipped controls increased from 130 ± 3 mm Hg to 167 ± 6 mm Hg (P <.01), whereas BIBO3304TF-treated rats had no significant increase (125 ± 3 mm Hg to 141 ± 8 mm Hg). Final systolic blood pressure was 26 mm Hg lower in BIBO3304TF-treated rats than in controls (P <.01). In renal cortical slices, no NPY effect was observed in basal or isoproterenol-stimulated renin release. Conclusions: The Y-1 receptor antagonist BIBO3304TF attenuated acute pressor responses to NPY and blunted the development of two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertension in rats. NPY may contribute to the hypertensive response in this renovascular hypertension model. Our in vitro data do not suggest that this is due to NPY enhancement of renin release. (J Vasc Surg 2000;32:1015-21.

Care Coordination Guidelines for the Care of People with Spina Bifida

Care coordination is the deliberate organization of patient care activities between two or more participants (including the patient) involved in a person’s care to facilitate the appropriate delivery of health care services. Organizing care involves the marshalling of personnel and other resources needed to carry out all required patient care activities. It is often managed by the exchange of information among participants responsible for different aspects of care. With an estimated 85% of individuals with Spina Bifida (SB) surviving to adulthood, SB specific care coordination guidelines are warranted. Care coordination (also described as case management services) is a process that links them to services and resources in a coordinated effort to maximize their potential by providing optimal health care. However, care can be complicated due to the medical complexities of the condition and the need for multidisciplinary care, as well as economic and sociocultural barriers. It is often a shared responsibility by the multidisciplinary Spina Bifida team. For this reason, the Spina Bifida Care Coordinator has the primary responsibility for overseeing the overall treatment plan for the individual with Spina Bifida. Care coordination includes communication with the primary care provider in a patient’s medical home. This article discusses the Spina Bifida Care Coordination Guideline from the 2018 Spina Bifida Association’s Fourth Edition of the Guidelines for the Care of People with Spina Bifida and explores care coordination goals for different age groups as well as further research topics in SB care coordination

Radioiodine therapy of thyroid disease

Ten "ideal" steps used at the University of Michigan to treat well-differentiated thyroid cancer are presented. Using this in 103 patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma and metastases outside their neck, those that were freed of their disease after 131I therapy survived three times as long as those not cured of their disease. Patients successfully cured of their metastases showed better conformity to the "ideal" steps than the patients with residual metastases. Each of the most commonly asked questions about 131I treatment of thyroid carcinoma following surgical treatment are discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/26907/1/0000473.pd