Occurrence of the neotropical moss Dicranella hilariana (Mont.) Mitt. in the Antarctic

Dicranella hilariana (Mont.) Mitt., a pan-neotropical moss species, is reported for the first time from the Antarctic botanical zone. It was found on geothermally heated ground near fumaroles on Visokoi, Candlemas and Bellingshausen Islands in the volcanic archipelago of the South Sandwich Islands. Dicranella recurvata Ochyra, Arts & Lewis-Smith, nom. nud., is reduced to synonymy with D. hilariana. The Antarctic plants of D. hilariana are briefly described and illustrated, including the rhizoidal tubers which have not previously been reported in this species. The global distribution of D. hilariana is briefly reviewed and mapped. It is suggested that the species reached the Antarctic via long-distance dispersal from South America by the prevailing strong westerly winds

A new combination in Torrentaria (Brachytheciaceae, Bryophyta), with new records of T. muelleri in Australia

Rhynchostegium muelleri A.Jaeger is transferred to Torrentaria muelleri (A.Jaeger) Ochyra & Bednarek-Ochyra (Brachytheciaceae)

Dicranella hookeri (Dicranaceae, Bryophyta) in northern Argentina

Aongstroemia lorentzii Müll.Hal. from the central Andes of subtropical Argentina is taxonomically evaluated and some diagnostic traits of its type material are illustrated. This species is revealed to be inseparable from Dicranella hookeri (Müll.Hal.) Cardot, a pan-south-temperate species which extends into the Neotropics along the Andean chain. This discovery represents the first record of D. hookeri from northern Argentina and this locality bridges the continuous south-temperate range of the species, extending from Tierra del Fuego to central Chile, with its altimontane stations in Bolivia

A major range extension of Blindia robusta (Seligeriaceae, Bryophyta)

The endemic species Ditrichum tenuinerve Dixon from Tristan da Cunha is taxonomically evaluated and some details of its type material are illustrated. This species shares the diagnostic characters of Blindia robusta Hampe and the two species are considered to be conspecific. As a result of this taxonomic conclusion the global range of B. robusta is extended to the South Atlantic Ocean and accordingly it has to be considered as a nearly pan-south-temperate, not an amphipacific south-temperate species. The global distribution map for B. robusta is presented

Early taxonomic history of the moss genus Anacamptodon and a lectotype for A. splachnoides (Amblystegiaceae)

Early taxonomic history of the pleurocarpous moss genus Anacamptodon Brid. is reviewed and its familial placement is discussed. A specimen from the Bridel Herbarium (B-Bridel) is designated as the lectotype of Orthotrichum splachnoides Froel. ex Brid., the basionym of its generitype A. splachnoides (Froel. ex Brid.) Brid. It was collected in June or July 1811 by Josef Aloys von Frölich in Ellwangen (Jagst) in the historic, linguistic and cultural region of Swabia in the east of the state Baden-Württemberg in south-western Germany. He recognised it as a new species on the herbarium label and sent the material to S. E. Bridel in Gotha, Germany, then the great authority on moss taxonomy, who described it as a new species in his Muscologiae recentiorum supplementum seu Species muscorum Pars 2 in 1812. Duplicates of the original specimens of this species have been located in the Herbarium Tubingense (TUB) and in the Hedwig/Schwagrichen Herbarium (G) which are isolectotypes. Moreover, Frölich consulted the identity of this moss with Olof Swartz in Stockholm, Sweden, and four original specimens of A. splachnoides are present in his personal herbarium at S

A brief survey of bryological studies in the Subantarctic, including Macrocoma tenue (Orthotrichaceae), a moss genus and species newly found in Îles Kerguelen

Studies on the bryophyte flora of the Southern Ocean islands and in the Antarctic are briefly reviewed and the current state of knowledge of the moss flora of Îles Kerguelen is discussed. Macrocoma tenue (Hook. & Grev.) Vitt is recorded from the Îles Kerguelen archipelago and this constitutes the first record of the genus Macrocoma (Müll. Hal.) Grout from the Subantarctic. The local plants of the species are characterized and illustrated and their ecology is discussed. Global distribution of M. tenue is reviewed and mapped. It is suggested that the type subspecies of M. tenue is a Gondwanan relictual taxon, which could have evolved on this supercontinent prior to its break-up and, subsequently, it reached Îles Kerguelen where it survived during the Pleistocene glacial epoch

Widespread association between the ericoid mycorrhizal fungus Rhizoscyphus ericae and a leafy liverwort in the maritime and sub-Antarctic

A recent study identified a fungal isolate from the Antarctic leafy liverwort Cephaloziella varians as the ericoid mycorrhizal associate Rhizoscyphus ericae. However, nothing is known about the wider Antarctic distribution of R. ericae in C. varians, and inoculation experiments confirming the ability of the fungus to form coils in the liverwort are lacking. Using direct isolation and baiting with Vaccinium macrocarpon seedlings, fungi were isolated from C. varians sampled from eight sites across a 1875-km transect through sub- and maritime Antarctica. The ability of an isolate to form coils in aseptically grown C. varians was also tested. Fungi with 98–99% sequence identity to R. ericae internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and partial large subunit ribosomal (r)DNA sequences were frequently isolated from C. varians at all sites sampled. The EF4/Fung5 primer set did not amplify small subunit rDNA from three of five R. ericae isolates, probably accounting for the reported absence of the fungus from C. varians in a previous study. Rhizoscyphus ericae was found to colonize aseptically-grown C. varians intracellularly, forming hyphal coils. This study shows that the association between R. ericae and C. varians is apparently widespread in Antarctica, and confirms that R. ericae is at least in part responsible for the formation of the coils observed in rhizoids of field-collected C. varians

New national and regional bryophyte records, 74

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