6,259 research outputs found
Hyper-chaotic magnetisation dynamics of two interacting dipoles
The present work is a numerical study of the deterministic spin dynamics of two interacting anisotropic magnetic particles in the presence of a time-dependent external magnetic field using the LandauâLifshitz equation. Particles are coupled through the dipoleâdipole interaction. The applied magnetic field is made of a constant longitudinal amplitude component and a time-dependent transversal amplitude component. Dynamical states obtained are represented by their Lyapunov exponents and bifurcation diagrams. The dependence on the largest and the second largest Lyapunov exponents, as a function of the magnitude and frequency of the applied magnetic field, and the relative distance between particles, is studied. The system presents multiple transitions between regular and chaotic behaviour depending on the control parameters. In particular, the system presents consistent hyper-chaotic states
Magnetic hallmarks of viscous electron flow in graphene
We propose a protocol to identify spatial hallmarks of viscous electron flow
in graphene and other two-dimensional viscous electron fluids. We predict that
the profile of the magnetic field generated by hydrodynamic electron currents
flowing in confined geometries displays unambiguous features linked to
whirlpools and backflow near current injectors. We also show that the same
profile sheds light on the nature of the boundary conditions describing
friction exerted on the electron fluid by the edges of the sample. Our
predictions are within reach of vector magnetometry based on nitrogen-vacancy
centers embedded in a diamond slab mounted onto a graphene layer.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Acercamiento social e ideológico a las jåcaras de Quevedo. «Carta del Escarramån a la Méndez»
Este artĂculo trata de inscribir el fenĂłmeno de las jĂĄcaras de Quevedo âhaciendo especial hincapiĂ© en «Carta del EscarramĂĄn a la MĂ©ndez »â en sus especĂficas coordenadas histĂłricas. Las jĂĄcaras de Quevedo son una representaciĂłn del mundo del hampa en la sociedad española de los Siglos de Oro. Por ello ha resultado imprescindible tratar primero el tema de la pobreza como un enunciado social para despuĂ©s interpretar su enunciado literario. Se investiga en este artĂculo la matriz ideolĂłgica que impulsa a Quevedo, un poeta organicista, a escribir sobre ây no sĂłlo a escribir, sino a otorgarle la voz aâ delincuentes, prostitutas y demĂĄs personajes hampescos
Realistic Anisotropic Neutron Stars: Pressure Effects
In this paper, we study the impact of anisotropy on neutron stars with
different equations of state, which have been modeled by a piecewise polytropic
function with continuous sound speed. Anisotropic pressure in neutron stars is
often attributed to interior magnetic fields, rotation, and the presence of
exotic matter or condensates. We quantify the presence of anisotropy within the
star by assuming a quasi-local relationship. We find that the radial and
tangential sound velocities constrain the range of anisotropy allowed within
the star. As expected, the anisotropy affects the macroscopic properties of
stars, and it can be introduced to reconcile them with astrophysical
observations. For instance, the maximum mass of anisotropic neutron stars can
be increased by up to 15\% compared to the maximum mass of the corresponding
isotropic configuration. This allows neutron stars to reach masses greater than
, which may explain the secondary compact object of the GW190814
event. Additionally, we propose a universal relation for the binding energy of
an anisotropic neutron star as a function of the star's compactness and the
degree of anisotropy.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure
The -metric naked singularity: A viable explanation for the nature of the central object in the Milky Way
In this work, we investigate whether the compact object at the center of the
Milky Way is a naked singularity described by the -metric
spacetime. Our fitting of the astrometric and spectroscopic data for the S2
star implies that similarly to the Schwarzschild black hole, the
-metric naked singularity offers a satisfactory fit to the observed
measurements. Additionally, it is shown that the shadow produced by the naked
singularity is consistent with the shadow observed by the Event Horizon
Telescope collaboration for Sgr-A*. It is worth mentioning that the spatial
distribution of the S-stars favors the notion that the compact object at the
center of our Galaxy can be described by an almost static spacetime. Based on
these findings, the -metric naked singularity turns up as a
compelling candidate for further investigation.Comment: Accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravit
Global Trajectory Optimisation : Can We Prune the Solution Space When Considering Deep Space Manoeuvres? [Final Report]
This document contains a report on the work done under the ESA/Ariadna study 06/4101 on the global optimization of space trajectories with multiple gravity assist (GA) and deep space manoeuvres (DSM). The study was performed by a joint team of scientists from the University of Reading and the University of Glasgow
Displaced geostationary orbit design using hybrid sail propulsion
Because of an increase in the number of geostationary spacecraft and the limits imposed by eastâwest spacing
requirements, the geostationary orbit is becoming congested. To increase its capacity, this paper proposes to create
new geostationary slots by displacing the geostationary orbit either out of or in the equatorial plane by means of
hybrid solar sail and solar electric propulsion. To minimize propellant consumption, optimal steering laws for the
solar sail and solar-electric-propulsion thrust vectors are derived and the performance in terms of mission lifetime is
assessed. For comparison, similar analyses are performed for conventional propulsion, including impulsive and pure
solar electric propulsion. It is shown that hybrid sails outperform these propulsion techniques and that out-of-plane
displacements outperform in-plane displacements. The out-of-plane case is therefore further investigated in a
spacecraft mass budget to determine the payload mass capacity. Finally, two transfers that enable a further
improvement of the performance of hybrid sails for the out-of-plane case are optimized using a direct pseudospectral
method: a seasonal transit between orbits displaced above and below the equatorial plane and a transit to a parking
orbit when geostationary coverage is not needed. Both transfers are shown to require only a modest propellant
budget, outweighing the improvements they can establish
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Use of functional imaging across clinical phases in CNS drug development
The use of novel brain biomarkers using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging holds potential of making central nervous system (CNS) drug development more efficient. By evaluating changes in brain function in the disease state or drug effects on brain function, the technology opens up the possibility of obtaining objective data on drug effects in the living awake brain. By providing objective data, imaging may improve the probability of success of identifying useful drugs to treat CNS diseases across all clinical phases (IâIV) of drug development. The evolution of functional imaging and the promise it holds to contribute to drug development will require the development of standards (including good imaging practice), but, if well integrated into drug development, functional imaging can define markers of CNS penetration, drug dosing and target engagement (even for drugs that are not amenable to positron emission tomography imaging) in phase I; differentiate objective measures of efficacy and side effects and responders vs non-responders in phase II, evaluate differences between placebo and drug in phase III trials and provide insights into disease modification in phase IV trials
Weakly open sets in the unit ball of some Banach spaces and the centralizer
AbstractWe show that every Banach space X whose centralizer is infinite-dimensional satisfies that every non-empty weakly open set in BY has diameter 2, where Y=âËN,s,ÏX (N-fold symmetric projective tensor product of X, endowed with the symmetric projective norm), for every natural number N. We provide examples where the above conclusion holds that includes some spaces of operators and infinite-dimensional Câ-algebras. We also prove that every non-empty weakâ open set in the unit ball of the space of N-homogeneous and integral polynomials on X has diameter two, for every natural number N, whenever the Cunningham algebra of X is infinite-dimensional. Here we consider the space of N-homogeneous integral polynomials as the dual of the space âËN,s,ΔX (N-fold symmetric injective tensor product of X, endowed with the symmetric injective norm). For instance, every infinite-dimensional L1(ÎŒ) satisfies that its Cunningham algebra is infinite-dimensional. We obtain the same result for every non-reflexive L-embedded space, and so for every predual of an infinite-dimensional von Neumann algebra
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