\u3cem\u3eDrops from black candles\u3c/em\u3e by Abdallah Zrika

English translation of Abdallah Zrika\u27s Drops from black candles accompanied by an essay on the translation process which includes consideration of Laâbi\u27s French translation of the same poem

PORTUGUÊS AO PÉ DO BERIMBAU: SOBRE A CAPOEIRA COMO UMA LÍNGUA ADICIONAL

From its historical origins as a resistant and violently repressed bundle of music, dance and martial arts practices of the African diaspora in Brazil, capoeira has travelled, becoming a global phenomenon with groups and networks in diverse sites around the world, including London, Cape Town and Hong Kong and indeed Leeds where this research was based. We focus on the linguistic, cultural and embodied ensemble of capoeira, researching a capoeira group with diverse participants led by Sandro, a Brazilian contramestre, providing a rich laboratory for what has been called language learning “in the wild”, specifically of the Afro-Brazilian linguistic and cultural practices (music, movement, lyric, voice) that are a crucial element of the capoeira ensemble. These linguistic and cultural practices contingently bring together, in rehearsal and performance, the characteristic capoeira dance/ martial arts movements, the pervasive regulation of rhythm and the apprenticeship of the body into its rhythm and movement. Seen from the perspective of informal language learning the capoeira group seems to constitute a near optimal context. We will explore the affordances of the capoeira group for linguistic/cultural/embodied learning of Afro-Brazilian Portuguese, drawing on the “maximalist” framework for translanguaging (BAYNHAM; LEE, 2019), which we extend to encompass the pervasive musical aspect of capoeira, linking these to contemporary perspectives on language learning, particularly informal language learning and language learning “in the wild”.A partir de suas origens históricas, como um agregado de música, dança e artes marciais de resistência da diáspora africana no Brasil que chegou a ser violentamente reprimida, a capoeira tem viajado o mundo, tornando-se um fenômeno global com grupos e redes espalhadas em diversos locais como Londres, a Cidade do Cabo, Hong Kong e também Leeds, onde esta pesquisa foi realizada. Enfocamos neste artigo o agregado linguístico, cultural e corporificado da capoeira, pesquisando um grupo de capoeira com diversos participantes, liderado por Sandro, um contramestre brasileiro, que fornece um rico laboratório para o que tem sido chamado de aprendizagem de línguas “na natureza selvagem”, neste caso envolvendo mais especificamente práticas linguísticas e culturais afro-brasileiras (voz, letra, música e movimento) que são elementos cruciais do agregado da capoeira. Essas práticas linguísticas e culturais reúnem, de forma contingente, nos treinos e nas apresentações, os movimentos característicos da dança/ artes marciais da capoeira, o ritmo regulado e omnipresente e o aprendizado do corpo nestes movimentos e neste ritmo. Dessa forma, visto da perspectiva da aprendizagem informal de línguas, o grupo de capoeira parece fornecer um contexto praticamente perfeito. Exploraremos então as possibilidades do grupo de capoeira para a aprendizagem linguística/cultural/corporal do português afro-brasileiro, com base em um enquadramento “maximalista” para as translinguagens (BAYNHAM;LEE, 2019), o qual ampliamos para abranger o aspecto musical omnipresente da capoeira, vinculando-os a perspectivas contemporâneas sobre a aprendizagem de línguas, particularmente, a aprendizagem informal de línguas e a aprendizagem de línguas “na natureza selvagem”

Theoretical Framework of Stance: An Introduction of A New Analytical Category, Neutral Epistemic Stance

This paper extends Hyland’s (2005) theoretical framework of stance through the introduction of an additional analytic category of stance, neutral epistemic stance corresponding to Mushin’s (2001) factual epistemological stance. This article reviews various theoretical frameworks of stance and argues that none of these theoretical frameworks provide neutral linguistic markers of stance in academic writing. Using a corpus of twelve accounting PhD theses I conducted a textual analysis of different rhetorical sections between the theses, identifying what stance markers are used and why such stance markers are used and in what linguistic context such markers are used. This process led me to identify a new analytical category, neutral epistemic stance. This study contributes to the ongoing literature on stance in academic writing, arguing that unevaluated stance is also indicating taking up a neutral stance and can be understood as part of ‘doing objectivity’ in academic writing

On the relationality of centers, peripheries and interactional regimes: Translanguaging in a community interpreting event

In this paper we discuss a multilingual interactional event that involves both interpreting and literacy work, part of a large scale study on translanguaging in superdiverse urban settings.¹ In the first part of the interaction, the center/periphery dynamic is played out in what might be called “contested translanguaging” between Standard Czech and a Slovak influenced dialect of Czech, in the second part in contested translanguaging between Standard Czech and English. The center/periphery dynamic, we argue can be understood in terms of attraction/repulsion. The translanguaging involves a struggle over both meaning and form in which some participants lose out. The second part of the interaction is a dramatic reverse in what is treated as central and dominant in the first part, suggesting a hierarchical ordering of interactional regimes. We will argue for the necessity of taking into account these hierarchically ordered interactional regimes and the linguistic ideologies associated with them in the shaping of translanguaging practices

A linguistic ethnography of theatre production

Voices and Practices in Applied Linguistics comprises a selection of original applied linguistics-based research on the theme of the diversity of Applied Linguistics and in Applied Linguistics. It is a unique collection of reflections and cutting-edge research relating to academic, policy and professional fields of Applied Linguistics, featuring chapters written by founders of the field, established researchers, and rising stars. This accessible, eclectic and forward-looking volume is significant both for research and practice. It highlights current globalised perspectives on diversity in language use and communication, across a variety of contexts, and with a rich mix of frameworks, methodologies and participants. Compiled and edited by a team of academic experts in the field, this edited collection will be of interest to established and emerging researchers in Applied Linguistics globally. It will also be relevant to language professionals, practitioners, and policy makers. The volume draws together papers from the 2017 British Association for Applied Linguistics (BAAL) conference, marking the 50th anniversary of its inaugural meeting. Founded in the mid-1960s, this UK-based professional association provides a forum for Applied Linguistics and its annual meeting brings together researchers and language professionals from across this field