Knowledge Exchange, Primary Health Care and Nursing: The role of the Primary Health Care Research & Information Service

This poster explores how PHCRIS can support nurses in primary health care (PHC) through knowledge exchange with policy, practice, research and consumer stakeholders

Knowledge Exchange (KE) to Underpin Implementation

An implementation agenda is best supported by a widespread culture of knowledge exchange (KE). A KE culture: - Views research as a resource rather than a product - Values real world knowledge as well as research knowledge - Understands co-construction of knowledge - Acknowledges complexity and politics of the cross-system landscape - Generates essential face-to-face and network opportunities - Fosters trust and collaborations beyond academic circles. KE requires a different mindset and skill set beyond research competencies. KE is not a specific learning objective frequently offered by higher degree institutions. This study aimed to examine KE strategies in primary health care research

Indigenous-led precision public health: a new starting point

Precision public healthcare has been applied to bring about positive change, narrowing the gap in healthcare inequity for Aboriginal peoples. Three such examples include the Mappa, Lyfe Languages, and Pilbra Faces projects, which were all developed through engagement and codesign with Indigenous Australians and each meet a distinct critical need. The Mappa project offers patients and healthcare providers with the necessary geographical information to navigate and maximally utilize available healthcare services. Lyfe Languages is a community driven translational tool that empowers indigenous languages in healthcare. The Pilbara Faces project aims to create a database of clinical measurements enabling better disease diagnosis and monitoring. These three projects have been integrated into a multi-faceted precision public health program, the Healthy Pilbara Project Initiative, acting synergistically to improve the lives of Aboriginal peoples living in Western Australia

Disparities in Contraception in Women with Cardiovascular Diseases in the Cardiac-Obstetrical Clinic

Objective - National Survey of Family Growth 2017-19 survey reported a 65.3% contraceptive use: 18% tubal, 5.6% vasectomy 18% hormonal therapy 8.4% intrauterine devices (IUD) 8.4% condoms - To evaluate postpartum contraception plans and use in pregnant women with cardiovascular disease (CVD) after visits to the combined cardio-obstetric clinichttps://jdc.jefferson.edu/obgynposters/1016/thumbnail.jp

Identifying characteristics that enable resilient immunisation programmes: a scoping review

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the fragility of immunisation programmes and resulted in a significant reduction in vaccination rates, with increasing vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks consequently reported. These vulnerabilities underscore the importance of resilient immunisation programmes to ensure optimal performance during crises. To date, a framework for assessing immunisation programme resilience does not exist. We conducted a scoping review of immunisation programmes during times of crisis to identify factors that characterise resilient immunisation programmes, which may inform an Immunisation Programme Resilience Tool. Design: Scoping review design followed the Arksey and O’Malley framework, and manuscript reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Data sources: CINAHL, CENTRAL, Embase, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Web of Science and databases were searched between 1 January 2011 and 2 September 2023. Citation searching of identified studies was also performed. Eligibility criteria: We included primary empirical peer-reviewed studies that discussed the resilience of immunisation programme to crises, shocks or disruptions. Data extraction and synthesis: Two independent reviewers screened records and performed data extraction. We extracted data on study location and design, crisis description, and resilience characteristics discussed, and identified evidence gaps in the literature. Findings were synthesised using tabulation and an evidence gap map. Results: Thirty-seven studies met the eligibility criteria. These studies captured research conducted across six continents, with most concentrated in Africa, Asia and Europe. One study had a randomised controlled trial design, while 36 studies had observational designs (15 analytical and 21 descriptive). We identified five characteristics of resilient immunisation programmes drawing on the Health System Resilience Index (Integration, Awareness, Resource Availability and Access, Adaptiveness and Self-regulation) and several evidence gaps in the literature. Conclusions: To our knowledge, no immunisation programme resilience tool exists. We identified factors from the Health System Resilience Index coupled with factors identified through primary empirical evidence, which may inform development of an immunisation programme resilience tool

Leucine Rich α-2 Glycoprotein: A Novel Neutrophil Granule Protein and Modulator of Myelopoiesis

Leucine-rich α2 glycoprotein (LRG1), a serum protein produced by hepatocytes, has been implicated in angiogenesis and tumor promotion. Our laboratory previously reported the expression of LRG1 in murine myeloid cell lines undergoing neutrophilic granulocyte differentiation. However, the presence of LRG1 in primary human neutrophils and a role for LRG1 in regulation of hematopoiesis have not been previously described. Here we show that LRG1 is packaged into the granule compartment of human neutrophils and secreted upon neutrophil activation to modulate the microenvironment. Using immunofluorescence microscopy and direct biochemical measurements, we demonstrate that LRG1 is present in the peroxidase-negative granules of human neutrophils. Exocytosis assays indicate that LRG1 is differentially glycosylated in neutrophils, and co-released with the secondary granule protein lactoferrin. Like LRG1 purified from human serum, LRG1 secreted from activated neutrophils also binds cytochrome c. We also show that LRG1 antagonizes the inhibitory effects of TGFβ1 on colony growth of human CD34+ cells and myeloid progenitors. Collectively, these data invoke an additional role for neutrophils in innate immunity that has not previously been reported, and suggest a novel mechanism whereby neutrophils may modulate the microenvironment via extracellular release of LRG1

How parents and children evaluate emollients for childhood eczema: a qualitative study

BACKGROUND: Eczema affects one in five children in the UK. Regular application of emollients is routinely recommended for children with eczema. There are four main emollient types, but no clear evidence of which is best. The current ‘trial and error’ approach to find suitable emollients can be frustrating for parents, children, and clinicians. AIM: To identify how parents and children experience and evaluate emollients. DESIGN AND SETTING: Qualitative interview study, nested within a primary care trial of emollients (Best Emollients for Eczema [BEE] trial). METHOD: Semi-structured interviews with children with eczema and their parents were conducted. Participants were purposively sampled on emollient type (lotion, cream, gel, or ointment), age, and eczema severity. RESULTS: Forty-four parents were interviewed, with children participating in 24 of those interviews. There was no clear preference for any one emollient type. The strongest theme was the variation of experience in each of the four types. Participants focused on thickness and absorbency, both positively and negatively, to frame their evaluations. Effectiveness and acceptability were both considered when evaluating an emollient but effectiveness was the primary driver for continued use. For some, participating in the trial had changed their knowledge and behaviour of emollients, resulting in use that was more regular and for a longer duration. CONCLUSION: There is no one emollient that is suitable for everyone, and parents/children prioritise different aspects of emollients. Future research could evaluate decision aids and/or tester pots of different types, which could enable clinicians and parents/children to work collaboratively to identify the best emollient for them

Fuel, Wood Use, and Subsistence

Provides an overview of the use of biomass in a remote Alaskan community. Presented at Arctic Frontiers in Tromsø, Norway on January 24, 2019. Funded as part of a National Science Foundation grant (NSF # 1518563)N