As redes sociais como meio de prova no processo civil

Este trabalho pretende compreender a evolução social diante da era tecnológica dentro do processo civil, especificamente na produção de provas através das redes sociais. As redes sociais fazem parte da vida das pessoas, em um contexto social onde a sociedade vive conectada, expondo suas atividades cotidianas em uma rede com milhões de usuários, é através dessas plataformas que se pode alcançar a informação sobre qualquer coisa, inclusive sobre dados pessoais. No decorrer do trabalho serão observadas todas as fases processuais até o momento da fase probatória, levantando as suas características, bem como o conceito de prova, seus meios e formas de produção. A mutação da sociedade através da internet será respaldada com o estudo de Leis específicas, como o Marco Civil da Internet e outras leis referentes à política de privacidade estabelecida na plataforma de comunicação para que, assim, haja a compreensão da corriqueira existência de prints das redes sociais nos processos, utilizadas como prova documental eletrônica e a forma de adaptação e recepção tanto do ordenamento jurídico quanto do Poder Judiciário dessa nova modalidade de prova

Aspectos gerais do percurso processual civil, e a aplicabilidade do parcelamento nas execuções de títulos judiciais

O tema execução, de modo geral, constantemente engloba alguma polêmica, debate ou discussão, seja porque muitos devedores escondem seus bens do Judiciário para não cumprir com a obrigação que lhe são impostas, entre outros aspectos. Porém não será essa temática aqui abordada, e sim, o mecanismo do parcelamento quando em sede de cumprimento de sentença, tal mecanismo é assiduamente utilizado em compras e venda e renegociações de dívidas, fora da esfera do Judiciário. E em sede de cumprimento de sentença? Poderá ocorrer? Será benéfico e condizente com os princípios processuais? Para a referida análise, é preciso partir do início, faz-se necessária abordar o procedimento comum até o cumprimento de sentença e o procedimento da execução autônoma, pois o artigo tem como objetivo, a compreensão de todos acerca da análise, não somente, os estudiosos do direito. Partindo do princípio, teremos um respaldo razoável a fim de compreender os caminhos levarem a concepções distintas, acerca da temática, e, então, concluir que parcelar a mencionada dívida no Judiciário não é um ato injusto que vai atribuir mais tempo à satisfação da obrigação, a referida prática está mais para uma técnica respaldada em princípios processuais civis, viabilizando, por exemplo, um processo mais célere e eficaz ao credor e ao devedor. Importante frisar que o presente artigo não tem o intuito de interceder a favor do devedor, mas sim, de demonstrar que nem sempre a doutrina e a jurisprudência minoritária são infundadas, ou não merecem apreciação, tendo em vista que a formação de uma convicção, acerca de qualquer temática demanda pesquisa, analise crítica e também compreensão do assunto desde sua origem.

ABC₂-SPH risk score for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients

Objectives: The majority of available scores to assess mortality risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the emergency department have high risk of bias. Therefore, this cohort aimed to develop and validate a score at hospital admission for predicting in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients and to compare this score with other existing ones. Methods: Consecutive patients (≥ 18 years) with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the participating hospitals were included. Logistic regression analysis was performed to develop a prediction model for in-hospital mortality, based on the 3978 patients admitted between March–July, 2020. The model was validated in the 1054 patients admitted during August–September, as well as in an external cohort of 474 Spanish patients. Results: Median (25–75th percentile) age of the model-derivation cohort was 60 (48–72) years, and in-hospital mortality was 20.3%. The validation cohorts had similar age distribution and in-hospital mortality. Seven significant variables were included in the risk score: age, blood urea nitrogen, number of comorbidities, C-reactive protein, SpO2/FiO2 ratio, platelet count, and heart rate. The model had high discriminatory value (AUROC 0.844, 95% CI 0.829–0.859), which was confirmed in the Brazilian (0.859 [95% CI 0.833–0.885]) and Spanish (0.894 [95% CI 0.870–0.919]) validation cohorts, and displayed better discrimination ability than other existing scores. It is implemented in a freely available online risk calculator (https://abc2sph.com/). Conclusions: An easy-to-use rapid scoring system based on characteristics of COVID-19 patients commonly available at hospital presentation was designed and validated for early stratification of in-hospital mortality risk of patients with COVID-19.</p

Prospective observational cohort study on grading the severity of postoperative complications in global surgery research

Background The Clavien–Dindo classification is perhaps the most widely used approach for reporting postoperative complications in clinical trials. This system classifies complication severity by the treatment provided. However, it is unclear whether the Clavien–Dindo system can be used internationally in studies across differing healthcare systems in high- (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods This was a secondary analysis of the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), a prospective observational cohort study of elective surgery in adults. Data collection occurred over a 7-day period. Severity of complications was graded using Clavien–Dindo and the simpler ISOS grading (mild, moderate or severe, based on guided investigator judgement). Severity grading was compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Data are presented as frequencies and ICC values (with 95 per cent c.i.). The analysis was stratified by income status of the country, comparing HICs with LMICs. Results A total of 44 814 patients were recruited from 474 hospitals in 27 countries (19 HICs and 8 LMICs). Some 7508 patients (16·8 per cent) experienced at least one postoperative complication, equivalent to 11 664 complications in total. Using the ISOS classification, 5504 of 11 664 complications (47·2 per cent) were graded as mild, 4244 (36·4 per cent) as moderate and 1916 (16·4 per cent) as severe. Using Clavien–Dindo, 6781 of 11 664 complications (58·1 per cent) were graded as I or II, 1740 (14·9 per cent) as III, 2408 (20·6 per cent) as IV and 735 (6·3 per cent) as V. Agreement between classification systems was poor overall (ICC 0·41, 95 per cent c.i. 0·20 to 0·55), and in LMICs (ICC 0·23, 0·05 to 0·38) and HICs (ICC 0·46, 0·25 to 0·59). Conclusion Caution is recommended when using a treatment approach to grade complications in global surgery studies, as this may introduce bias unintentionally

The surgical safety checklist and patient outcomes after surgery: a prospective observational cohort study, systematic review and meta-analysis

© 2017 British Journal of Anaesthesia Background: The surgical safety checklist is widely used to improve the quality of perioperative care. However, clinicians continue to debate the clinical effectiveness of this tool. Methods: Prospective analysis of data from the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), an international observational study of elective in-patient surgery, accompanied by a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature. The exposure was surgical safety checklist use. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome was postoperative complications. In the ISOS cohort, a multivariable multi-level generalized linear model was used to test associations. To further contextualise these findings, we included the results from the ISOS cohort in a meta-analysis. Results are reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: We included 44 814 patients from 497 hospitals in 27 countries in the ISOS analysis. There were 40 245 (89.8%) patients exposed to the checklist, whilst 7508 (16.8%) sustained ≥1 postoperative complications and 207 (0.5%) died before hospital discharge. Checklist exposure was associated with reduced mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.49 (0.32–0.77); P\u3c0.01], but no difference in complication rates [OR 1.02 (0.88–1.19); P=0.75]. In a systematic review, we screened 3732 records and identified 11 eligible studies of 453 292 patients including the ISOS cohort. Checklist exposure was associated with both reduced postoperative mortality [OR 0.75 (0.62–0.92); P\u3c0.01; I2=87%] and reduced complication rates [OR 0.73 (0.61–0.88); P\u3c0.01; I2=89%). Conclusions: Patients exposed to a surgical safety checklist experience better postoperative outcomes, but this could simply reflect wider quality of care in hospitals where checklist use is routine

Critical care admission following elective surgery was not associated with survival benefit: prospective analysis of data from 27 countries

This was an investigator initiated study funded by Nestle Health Sciences through an unrestricted research grant, and by a National Institute for Health Research (UK) Professorship held by RP. The study was sponsored by Queen Mary University of London