A Vénus das peles : Um olhar psicanalítico sobre o masoquismo

Dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto SuperirorO presente trabalho aborda a obra literária A Vénus das Peles de Leopold Sacher-Masoch. Trata-se de uma narrativa que tem como objetivo entrelaçar a teoria psicanalítica com algumas das principais temáticas presentes na obra estudada. O trabalho proposto encontra-se composto por duas partes. Na primeira parte, poder-se-á verificar uma introdução aos temas abordados, seguida de uma reflexão sobre a relevância da arte, particularmente da literatura, em comunhão com a psicanálise e, posteriormente, algumas considerações teóricas sobre a perversão e o masoquismo, à luz dos constructos psicanalíticos, ao longo dos tempos. A segunda parte, refere-se à apresentação da obra A Vénus das Peles bem como do seu criador, Leopold Sacher-Masoch. De seguida, dizendo respeito à parte mais multidimensional do trabalho realizado, dar-se-á a exploração de alguns dos pontos que consideramos como centrais na obra, com o apoio da revisão teórica e da reflexão subjetiva sobre a mesma, proporcionando forma ao sentir e ao deambular intrapsíquico. Confirmamos, em última análise, que as suspeitas criadas em torno da vida e obra de Sacher-Masoch, possuem fundamento, na medida em que as teorias formuladas sobre o seu funcionamento, predominantemente masoquista, se impõem.ABSTRACT------The following essay addresses the literary work written by the Austrian author Leopold von Sacher-Masoch: ‘Venus in Furs’. This essay at its core has the goal to reconcile the psychoanalytic theory with some of the main themes broached in Sacher- Masoch’s book. The essay is composed by two segments. The first segment is characterized by an introduction to the broached themes followed by a reflexion upon the relevance of the artistic medium, in particular the literary medium in communion with psychoanalysis, this will be followed by some theoretical conjectures about perversion and masochism in connection with the psychoanalytic constructs throughout the times. The second segment pertains to the author Leopold von Sacher-Machoch and his literary work ‘Venus in Furs’. This segment explores the multidimensional side of this essay, a great deal of focus will be given to the points considered to be the most relevant in Sacher-Masoch’s book. This will be supported by a theoretical revision and subjective reflexion upon the literary piece thus allowing the intrapsychic feel and exploration to take shape. Ultimately we are able to ascertain that the suspicions created around the life and work of Sacher-Masoch are founded. The grounds for such a statement can be found in the theories formulated with basis on his psyche, wich undeniably was predominantly masochistic

A construção de si no seio da família : percepções de pré-adolescentes

Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicoterapia Cognitiva-Comportamental e Integrativa), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2015O estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar o Conceito de Si e as representações de família, particularmente, a influência das vivências familiares na construção do Conceito de Si em pré-adolescentes. Para tal, foram estudadas duas amostras de pré-adolescentes de ambos os sexos: uma de participantes (n = 19) a viver em contextos familiares de normalidade (CN) e outra de participantes (n = 12) em contextos familiares de vulnerabilidade (CV). O estudo foi exploratório e seguiu um desenho transversal de comparação entre grupos. Foram utilizados dois instrumentos de natureza diferenciada: um self report, a versão experimental portuguesa da versão para crianças da Tennessee Self Concept Scale; e uma prova de cariz projetivo, o Family Apperception Test. A análise de resultados indica que as crianças do CN apresentam um Conceito de Si positivo e equilibrado. Revelam também capacidade para encontrar resoluções plausíveis para os conflitos e para percecionar os outros como aliados nesses conflitos. As crianças do CV apresentam um Conceito de Si menos positivo e menos equilibrado, particularmente em relação à perceção da sua adequação na interação social (Conceito de Si Social) e do seu valor e competência no contexto escolar (Conceito de Si Académico). Revelam também mais dificuldades em abordar e elaborar conflitos familiares, em encontrar resoluções positivas para os conflitos e em desenvolver expectativas positivas sobre o papel dos outros na sua vida. Respostas com conteúdo raro foram também mais frequentes nas narrativas destas crianças, sugerindo a presença de conteúdos e processos psicológicos que merecem ser explorados pelo valor clínico que encerram. Independentemente do contexto de vida familiar dos participantes, verificou-se uma proximidade entre a forma como as crianças desta idade se percepcionam a si próprias enquanto membros de uma família (Conceito de Si Familiar) e o seu nível global de autoestima e satisfação consigo próprias (Conceito de Si Global), sugerindo a necessidade de se sentirem acolhidas na sua família e vivenciarem relações familiares satisfatórias.The aim of this study was to address the correlation between Self Concept and Family Representation, particularly the impact of family experience in the construction of Self Concept in pre-adolescents. The study was carried out with two samples of non-institutionalized male and female pre-adolescents from different family contexts: a group (n= 19) from normative family contexts (NC) and another (n=12) from vulnerability family contexts (VC). The work was explanatory and followed a transversal comparative approach combining two different evaluation instruments: a self report, the experimental child oriented Portuguese version of the Tennessee Self Concept Scale, and a projective test, the Family Apperception Test. The analysis of the data revealed that NC pre-adolescents showed a positive and balanced Self Concept, ability to find suitable solutions to conflicts and a predisposition to perceive others as potential allies in conflict situations, while VC pre-adolescents showed a less positive and balanced Self Concept, particularly in social interaction (Social Self Concept) and in academic value and competence (Academic Self Concept). VC preadolescents also showed a comparative difficulty in addressing, foreseeing and finding solutions to family conflicts and in developing positive expectations of others. Maladaptive contents in narrative representations were also more frequent in VC pre-adolescents, suggesting psychological processes worth to be clinically addressed. Regardless of family context, a strong connection between the way pre-adolescents see themselves as members of a family (Family Self Concept) and their global self esteem and self satisfaction (Global Self Concept) was observed, pointing to the need to experience close, stable and nurturing family ties

Assessing genetic structure in common but ecologically distinct carnivores: the stone marten and red fox

The identification of populations and spatial genetic patterns is important for ecological and conservation research, and spatially explicit individual-based methods have been recognised as powerful tools in this context. Mammalian carnivores are intrinsically vulnerable to habitat fragmentation but not much is known about the genetic consequences of fragmentation in common species. Stone martens (Martes foina) and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) share a widespread Palearctic distribution and are considered habitat generalists, but in the Iberian Peninsula stone martens tend to occur in higher quality habitats. We compared their genetic structure in Portugal to see if they are consistent with their differences in ecological plasticity, and also to illustrate an approach to explicitly delineate the spatial boundaries of consistently identified genetic units. We analysed microsatellite data using spatial Bayesian clustering methods (implemented in the software BAPS, GENELAND and TESS), a progressive partitioning approach and a multivariate technique (Spatial Principal Components Analysis-sPCA). Three consensus Bayesian clusters were identified for the stone marten. No consensus was achieved for the red fox, but one cluster was the most probable clustering solution. Progressive partitioning and sPCA suggested additional clusters in the stone marten but they were not consistent among methods and were geographically incoherent. The contrasting results between the two species are consistent with the literature reporting stricter ecological requirements of the stone marten in the Iberian Peninsula. The observed genetic structure in the stone marten may have been influenced by landscape features, particularly rivers, and fragmentation. We suggest that an approach based on a consensus clustering solution of multiple different algorithms may provide an objective and effective means to delineate potential boundaries of inferred subpopulations. sPCA and progressive partitioning offer further verification of possible population structure and may be useful for revealing cryptic spatial genetic patterns worth further investigation

Psycofitness. O seu melhor músculo é a mente

Inexistente.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Exercise motives among university students : A Brazil-Portugal transnational study

Background: Identifying the motives why people exercise is interesting for the planning of effective health promoting strategies. Objectives: To estimate the psychometric properties of the exercise motivations inventory (EMI-2) in Brazilian and Portuguese university students, and to compare motive-related factors for exercise among students. Methods: One thousand Brazilian (randomly splitted into “Test sample” [n = 498] and “Validation sample” [n = 502]) and 319 Portuguese students participated in this cross-sectional study. Motives for exercise were evaluated using EMI-2. Exploratory factor analysis was performed in the test sample. Then, confirmatory factor analysis was performed in the validation and Portuguese samples. The EMI-2 scores were compared according to sex, exercise, and weight status (ANOVA, α = 5%). Results: EMI-2 factor model was explained by 5 factors and presented adequate fit (χ2/df ≤ 3.2; CFI ≥ 0.9; TLI ≥ 0.9; RMSEA ≤ 0.07; and α ≥ 0.83). The motives for exercising were mainly related to psychological and interpersonal factors for men, health-related factors for women, and body-related factors for overweight and obese individuals. People who practice exercise had higher EMI-2 scores. Conclusion: The 5-factor model is suggested for a comprehensive assessment of motives for exercise. Individual characteristics should be considered for development of tailored protocols.publishedVersionPeer reviewe

Oral History Interview with John Niland: Conceptualising SMU

This is an abridged version of the original interview. Please contact the Library at [email protected] for access to the full version of the transcript and/or audio recording.</p

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Snapshot of viral infections in wild carnivores reveals ubiquity of parvovirus and susceptibility of Egyptian mongoose to feline panleukopenia virus

The exposure of wild carnivores to viral pathogens, with emphasis on parvovirus (CPV/FPLV), was assessed based on the molecular screening of tissue samples from 128 hunted or accidentally road-killed animals collected in Portugal from 2008 to 2011, including Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon, n = 99), red fox (Vulpes vulpes, n = 19), stone marten (Martes foina, n = 3), common genet (Genetta genetta, n = 3) and Eurasian badger (Meles meles, n = 4). A high prevalence of parvovirus DNA (63%) was detected among all surveyed species, particularly in mongooses (58%) and red foxes (79%), along with the presence of CPV/FPLV circulating antibodies that were identified in 90% of a subset of parvovirus-DNA positive samples. Most specimens were extensively autolysed, restricting macro and microscopic investigations for lesion evaluation. Whenever possible to examine, signs of active disease were not present, supporting the hypothesis that the parvovirus vp2 gene fragments detected by real-time PCR possibly correspond to viral DNA reminiscent from previous infections. The molecular characterization of viruses, based on the analysis of the complete or partial sequence of the vp2 gene, allowed typifying three viral strains of mongoose and four red fox’s as feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV) and one stone marten’s as newCPV-2b type. The genetic similarity found between the FPLV viruses from free-ranging and captive wild species originated in Portugal and publicly available comparable sequences, suggests a closer genetic relatedness among FPLV circulating in Portugal. Although the clinical and epidemiological significance of infection could not be established, this study evidences that exposure of sympatric wild carnivores to parvovirus is common and geographically widespread, potentially carrying a risk to susceptible populations at the wildlife-domestic interface and to threatened species, such as the wildcat (Felis silvestris) and the critically endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus).publishe

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Utilização de sistemas lênticos de pequena-média dimensão pela lontra (Lutra lutra L., 1758) no sítio de Monfurado

A destruição dos cursos de água tem sido apontada como uns dos principais factores de ameaça da lontra (Lutra lutra L., 1758) a nível mundial. A transformação de sistemas Ióticos em sistemas lênticos tem contribuído para esta situação, sendo que a mesma é especialmente comum em áreas mediterrânicas como forma de obviar a acentuada intermitência no regime dos cursos de água. Com a presente dissertação de mestrado pretendeu-se determinar quais os factores que mais influenciam a utilização de sistemas lênticos de pequena-média dimensão pela lontra numa área mediterrânica do Sul de Portugal. Para tal foram amostrados trinta sistemas lênticos em duas épocas climáticas (seca e húmida), tendo sido quantificada a presença de indícios de lontra e recolhidos dois conjuntos de variáveis biofísicas, ambientais e antropogénicas (um relativo ao sistema Iêntico e outro à sua área envolvente). Os resultados obtidos parecem sugerir que os sistemas lênticos com as dimensões estudadas actuam como habitats sub-óptimos, mas que são utilizados pela lontra independentemente da estação do ano. No entanto, parece ser na época seca que os mesmos assumem uma maior importância para a espécie. Diferentes características da área envolvente, nomeadamente a pressão exercida pelo gado bovino e os tipos e qualidade de cursos de água, bem como a disponibilidade de presas e a qualidade da água do próprio sistema, parecem ter um papel determinante na maior utilização do local. Através do presente estudo foi possível propor um conjunto de medidas práticas para uma compatibilização entre a conservação da lontra e do seu habitat, com as actividades e necessidades humanas. Deste modo, pensa-se ser fundamental actuar ao nível da reabilitação e melhoramento dos cursos de água, da manutenção e fomento das espécies de presas autóctones, do controlo e erradicação das espécies de presas exóticas e limitar o acesso do gado, especialmente do bovino, tanto aos sistemas Ióticos como aos lênticos. ***/ Abstract - Destruction of watercourses has been considered globally as one of the major threats to otter populations (Lutra Iutra L., 1758). The transformation of lotic systems in lentic systems has been contributing to this situation, and it is common in Mediterranean areas, where river flows are extremely irregular. The main goal of the present work was to determine the environmental factors influencing the use of the small and medium-sized water reservoirs by the otters in a small Mediterranean area of southern Portugal. Thirty reservoirs were sun/eyed in two periods (dry and wet season) by quantifying otter spraintings. Two sets of variables were collected, one related to the reservoir and the other to its surrounding area. The results suggest that reservoirs with dimensions within the range of this study are important. The reservoirs probably act as sub-optimal habitats and they are used by the otters in both seasons. However, in the dry season they become more important to the species. Different characteristics in the surrounding area, namely cattle pressure and different types and quality of watercourses, seem to have a determinant role in the intensity of use of these systems. Prey availability and water quality of each reservoir are also important characteristics. With this study, it was also possible to suggest management actions that balanced the otter and its habitat conservation with human needs and activities. Consequently, restoration and improvement of the watercourses, maintenance and increase native prey species, control and eradication of exotic prey species, and avoidance of cattle pressure in lotic and Ientic systems are essential