5,720 research outputs found
Evidence for the Strong Effect of Gas Removal on the Internal Dynamics of Young Stellar Clusters
We present detailed luminosity profiles of the young massive clusters M82-F,
NGC 1569-A, and NGC 1705-1 which show significant departures from equilibrium
(King and EFF) profiles. We compare these profiles with those from N-body
simulations of clusters which have undergone the rapid removal of a significant
fraction of their mass due to gas expulsion. We show that the observations and
simulations agree very well with each other suggesting that these young
clusters are undergoing violent relaxation and are also losing a significant
fraction of their stellar mass. That these clusters are not in equilibrium can
explain the discrepant mass-to-light ratios observed in many young clusters
with respect to simple stellar population models without resorting to
non-standard initial stellar mass functions as claimed for M82-F and NGC
1705-1. We also discuss the effect of rapid gas removal on the complete
disruption of a large fraction of young massive clusters (``infant
mortality''). Finally we note that even bound clusters may lose >50% of their
initial stellar mass due to rapid gas loss (``infant weight-loss'').Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, MNRAS letters, accepte
First ALMA Observation of a Solar Plasmoid Ejection from an X-ray Bright Point
Eruptive phenomena such as plasmoid ejections or jets are an important
feature of solar activity with the potential for improving our understanding of
the dynamics of the solar atmosphere. Such ejections are often thought to be
signatures of the outflows expected in regions of fast magnetic reconnection.
The 304 A EUV line of Helium, formed at around 10^5 K, is found to be a
reliable tracer of such phenomena, but the determination of physical parameters
from such observations is not straightforward. We have observed a plasmoid
ejection from an X-ray bright point simultaneously at millimeter wavelengths
with ALMA, at EUV wavelengths with AIA, in soft X-rays with Hinode/XRT. This
paper reports the physical parameters of the plasmoid obtained by combining the
radio, EUV and X-ray data. As a result, we conclude that the plasmoid can
consist either of (approximately) isothermal 10^5 K plasma that is optically
thin at 100 GHz, or else a 10^4 K core with a hot envelope. The analysis
demonstrates the value of the additional temperature and density constraints
that ALMA provides, and future science observations with ALMA will be able to
match the spatial resolution of space-borne and other high-resolution
telescopes.Comment: 10 page, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Letter. The movie can be seen at the following link:
http://hinode.nao.ac.jp/user/shimojo/data_area/plasmoid/movie5.mp
Spatially and Spectrally Resolved Observations of a Zebra Pattern in Solar Decimetric Radio Burst
We present the first interferometric observation of a zebra-pattern radio
burst with simultaneous high spectral (~ 1 MHz) and high time (20 ms)
resolution. The Frequency-Agile Solar Radiotelescope (FASR) Subsystem Testbed
(FST) and the Owens Valley Solar Array (OVSA) were used in parallel to observe
the X1.5 flare on 14 December 2006. By using OVSA to calibrate the FST the
source position of the zebra pattern can be located on the solar disk. With the
help of multi-wavelength observations and a nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF)
extrapolation, the zebra source is explored in relation to the magnetic field
configuration. New constraints are placed on the source size and position as a
function of frequency and time. We conclude that the zebra burst is consistent
with a double-plasma resonance (DPR) model in which the radio emission occurs
in resonance layers where the upper hybrid frequency is harmonically related to
the electron cyclotron frequency in a coronal magnetic loop.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap
The Implementation of the Academic Writing Course Syllabus
Curriculum change required to meet the stakeholders’ needs, whether it occurs in regular bases or in responding towards some dissatisfaction of students’ learning outcomes. This study was trig-gered by the second reason. To be more specific, it focused on how the syllabus was implemented in terms of teaching materials, classroom exercises, home assignments, and final projects. Document analyses were conducted and were validated using instrument triangulation. A semi structured inter-view was given to 18 first semester graduate students of 2013-2014 academic year. The findings were intended as a contribution and feedback towards the teaching-learning process of Academic Writing course at the English Education Department, Graduate School, Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya. From the analyses, it showed that the course syllabus was implemented in accordance with the learning objectives. However, there were some items evaluated in the students’ result which had not met the objectives as written in the syllabus. The gap was ultimately noted as the consequence that students were not accustomed to use the academic writing manual, and they were short of academic writing practice. Hence, some suggestions were proposed to give them more sustainable tasks to use the format, read and analyze more journal articles, as the model of writing. The result of this study was supposed to give contribution not only to the improvement of the institution’s curriculum, but also to wider pedagogical content knowledge, mainly on English as Foreign Language (EFL) teach-ing
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