DINÂMICA ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DO USO E COBERTURA DO SOLO E DA FRAGMENTAÇÃO FLORESTAL NO MUNICÍPIO DO CABO DE SANTO AGOSTINHO-PE

O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a dinâmica do uso e ocupação do solo e da fragmentação florestal do município do Cabo de Santo Agostinho entre 1985 e 2019. Os mapas de uso e cobertura do solo utilizados foram referentes aos anos 1985, 1995, 2005, 2015 e 2019, gerados e fornecidos gratuitamente pelo MapBiomas. O município do Cabo apresentou doze classes de uso e ocupação do solo nos cinco intervalos estudados. Analisando as métricas de classificação, para a classe floresta houve redução de 4,62% ​​de 1985 a 2005, mas aumentou 3,29% de 2005 a 2019. As classes “pastagem, canavial, outras lavouras temporárias e mosaico de agricultura e pastagem” juntas tiveram aumento de 0,41% de 1985 a 2005 e redução de 7,19% de 2005 a 2019, sugerindo que as classes agrícolas contribuíram para o crescimento das florestas. Fragmentos muito pequenos representam as principais perdas na paisagem, reduzindo 13,39% em área e 808 em número de fragmentos. Por outro lado, os fragmentos pequenos e médios apresentaram aumento de 4,35% e 7,13%, respectivamente. De maneira geral, entende-se que a falta de compromisso com a conservação da Mata Atlântica entre 1985 e 2005 aumentou o grau de fragmentação, assim como as intervenções legislativas e compensatórias contribuíram para reduzi-lo entre 2005 e 2019

Efficiency of common bean genotypes in response to nitrogen fertilization

Bean genotypes react differently to available nitrogen. This research aimed at selecting bean genotypes, concerning their efficiency and reaction to nitrogen absorption. The treatments consisted of twelve genotypes cultivated in two different environments, one simulating a low nitrogen level (20 kg ha-1) and the other a high nitrogen level (120 kg ha-1). The experimental design was randomized complete bocks, with four replications. The grain yield was evaluated, for classifying cultivars in relation to nitrogen use efficiency and response to application, as well as chlorophyll rates, by using a chlorophyllometer. The BRS-Grafite and Princesa genotypes were considered efficient, regarding the nitrogen fertilization, and responsive to the nitrogen application. Bean plants supplied with adequate nitrogen rates presented higher cholorophyll (a, b and total) levels

Educação em saúde para cuidado humanizado ao idoso com Alzheimer: extensão em tempo de pandemia

A Doença de Alzheimer (DA) é a patologia neurodegenerativa mais frequente associada à idade. Suas manifestações cognitivas e neuropsiquiátricas resultam na deficiência progressiva e eventual incapacitação, causando um sofrimento expressivo ao seu portador e a todos envolvidos, uma vez que pode levar à sua sobrecarga física e emocional. O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar a possibilidade de educação em saúde online com impactos positivos no que tange a novas aprendizagens quanto à DA. Foi elaborado um vídeo sobre a doença e o cuidado humanizado ao portador, sendo avaliado o impacto deste. Verificou-se que, a despeito do isolamento social, houve impacto positivo para os participantes avaliados

Suppressing cyanobacterial dominance by UV-LED TiO2-photocatalysis in a drinking water reservoir: a mesocosm study.

Cyanobacteria and their toxic secondary metabolites present challenges for water treatment globally. In this study we have assessed TiO2 immobilized onto recycled foamed glass beads by a facile calcination method, combined in treatment units with 365 nm UV-LEDs. The treatment system was deployed in mesocosms within a eutrophic Brazilian drinking water reservoir. The treatment units were deployed for 7 days and suppressed cyanobacterial abundance by 85%, while at the same time enhancing other water quality parameters; turbidity and transparency improved by 40 and 81% respectively. Genomic analysis of the microbiota in the treated mesocosms revealed that the composition of the cyanobacterial community was affected and the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria increased during cyanobacterial suppression. The effect of the treatment on zooplankton and other eukaryotes was also monitored. The abundance of zooplankton decreased while Chrysophyte and Alveolata loadings increased. The results of this proof-of-concept study demonstrate the potential for full-scale, in-reservoir application of advanced oxidation processes as complementary water treatment processes

Sementes de Lágrima-de-Nossa-Senhora submetidas a diferentes tratamentos para superação de dormência / Tear-of-Our-Lady seeds submitted to different treatments to overcome dormancy

As informações disponíveis sobre as condições que favorecem o desempenho germinativo das sementes de Lágrima-de-Nossa-Senhora ainda são insuficientes. Assim, o objetivo foi avaliar a germinação de sementes de Coix lacryma-jobi sob diferentes tratamentos para a superação da dormência. Para isso, o trabalho foi dividido em três Ensaios. O Primeiro Ensaio, com os seguintes tratamentos: (i). imersão em solução com 300ml de ácido sulfúrico durante 25 minutos; (ii). imersão em água fervente por 10 minutos; (iii). excesso de água (50 ml, uma vez por semana) e; (iv). tratamento controle (água suficiente para umedecer as sementes e o papel). O Segundo Ensaio com os seguintes tratamentos: (i). controle (fornecimento normal de água); (ii). baixas temperaturas (sementes na geladeira durante uma semana); (iii). imersão em água por 12 horas; (iv); lixa + embebição; (v). embebição + lixamento; (vi). corte na horizontal com tesoura de poda + embebição; (vii). embebição + corte na horizontal com tesoura de poda.  O Terceiro Ensaio, com diferentes concentrações de ácido giberélico (GA): (i). 0 mg de GA (somente imersão água); (ii). 10 mg de GA; (iii). 20 mg de GA; e (iv) 50 mg GA, diluído em 500 ml de água destilada. Para o Primeiro Ensaio, a melhor porcentagem foi no controle e no Segundo Ensaio foi lixamento + embebição apresentou melhor resposta, seguido do corte + embebição; e embebição + lixamento. A aplicação do ácido giberélico foi mais eficaz na concentração de 50 mg. Dos três Ensaios, o melhor foi com aplicação de ácido giberélico. Dessa forma, mais estudos devem ser realizados para verificar outras formas de superação da dormência dessa semente

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions of Amazon hydropower with strategic dam planning

Hundreds of dams have been proposed throughout the Amazon basin, one of the world’s largest untapped hydropower frontiers. While hydropower is a potentially clean source of renewable energy, some projects produce high greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per unit electricity generated (carbon intensity). Here we show how carbon intensities of proposed Amazon upland dams (median = 39 kg CO2eq MWh−1, 100-year horizon) are often comparable with solar and wind energy, whereas some lowland dams (median = 133 kg CO2eq MWh−1) may exceed carbon intensities of fossil-fuel power plants. Based on 158 existing and 351 proposed dams, we present a multi-objective optimization framework showing that low-carbon expansion of Amazon hydropower relies on strategic planning, which is generally linked to placing dams in higher elevations and smaller streams. Ultimately, basin-scale dam planning that considers GHG emissions along with social and ecological externalities will be decisive for sustainable energy development where new hydropower is contemplated. © 2019, The Author(s)

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030