BIKE: Bilingual Keyphrase Experiments

This paper presents a novel strategy for translating lists of keyphrases. Typical keyphrase lists appear in scientific articles, information retrieval systems and web page meta-data. Our system combines a statistical translation model trained on a bilingual corpus of scientific papers with sense-focused look-up in a large bilingual terminological resource. For the latter, we developed a novel technique that benefits from viewing the keyphrase list as contextual help for sense disambiguation. The optimal combination of modules was discovered by a genetic algorithm. Our work applies to the French / English language pair

Using COTS Search Engines and Custom Query Strategies at CLEF

This paper presents a system for bilingual information retrieval using commercial off-the-shelf search engines (COTS). Several custom query construction, expansion and translation strategies are compared. We present the experiments and the corresponding results for the CLEF 2004 event

Assessment of Three Mitochondrial Genes (16S, Cytb, CO1) for Identifying Species in the Praomyini Tribe (Rodentia: Muridae)

The Praomyini tribe is one of the most diverse and abundant groups of Old World rodents. Several species are known to be involved in crop damage and in the epidemiology of several human and cattle diseases. Due to the existence of sibling species their identification is often problematic. Thus an easy, fast and accurate species identification tool is needed for non-systematicians to correctly identify Praomyini species. In this study we compare the usefulness of three genes (16S, Cytb, CO1) for identifying species of this tribe. A total of 426 specimens representing 40 species (sampled across their geographical range) were sequenced for the three genes. Nearly all of the species included in our study are monophyletic in the neighbour joining trees. The degree of intra-specific variability tends to be lower than the divergence between species, but no barcoding gap is detected. The success rate of the statistical methods of species identification is excellent (up to 99% or 100% for statistical supervised classification methods as the k-Nearest Neighbour or Random Forest). The 16S gene is 2.5 less variable than the Cytb and CO1 genes. As a result its discriminatory power is smaller. To sum up, our results suggest that using DNA markers for identifying species in the Praomyini tribe is a largely valid approach, and that the CO1 and Cytb genes are better DNA markers than the 16S gene. Our results confirm the usefulness of statistical methods such as the Random Forest and the 1-NN methods to assign a sequence to a species, even when the number of species is relatively large. Based on our NJ trees and the distribution of all intraspecific and interspecific pairwise nucleotide distances, we highlight the presence of several potentially new species within the Praomyini tribe that should be subject to corroboration assessments

Knowledge-rich Contexts Discovery

de l'informatio

From a Children's First Dictionary to a Lexical Knowledge Base of Conceptual Graphs

This thesis aims at building a Lexical Knowledge Base (LKB) that will be useful to a Natural Language Processing (NLP) system by extracting information from a Machine Readable Dictionary (MRD). Our source of knowledge is the American Heritage First Dictionary (AHFD) which contains 1800 entries and is designed for children of age six to eight learning the structure and the basic vocabulary of their language. Using a children's dictionary allows us to restrict our vocabulary, but still work on general knowledge about day to day concepts and actions. Our Lexical Knowledge Base contains information extracted from the AHFD and represented using the Conceptual Graph (CG) formalism. The graph definitions explicitly give the information contained in all the noun and verb definitions from the AHFD. Each sentence of each definition is tagged, parsed and automatically transformed into a conceptual graph. The type hierarchy, extracted automatically from the definitions, groups all the nouns a..

Réalisation d'un logiciel pour la reconnaissance de symboles discrets

Description et utilisation du logiciel -- Séance typique -- Options au menu -- Ajout de nouveaux symboles à l'ensemble d'apprentissage -- Fichiers produits

Les astres dans la poésie et les arts de l’Antiquité au Romantisme

International audienceCet ouvrage a été réalisé dans le cadre du projet IDEX PLANETAS et du projet européen A-ROSE (Antique and Romantic Skies in Europe). Il est le fruit de la collaboration entre un spécialiste de la littérature latine (Litt&Arts) et une spécialiste de littérature britannique (ILCEA4) et rassemble des chercheurs en astrophysique, en littérature ancienne, en théâtre et en poésie britannique autour de l’exploration et de la représentation des corps célestes (étoiles, planètes, musique des sphères) dans les processus d’écriture et de production artistique de l’antiquité au romantisme

Le poète, veilleur des cieux : L’influence astrale de Homère à Keats

International audienc