Metabolic Disorders in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Coffee as a Panacea? (ANRS CO22 Hepather Cohort)

People living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are at high risk of liver disease progression, which is positively associated with metabolic disorders, but inversely associated with dyslipidemia. Diet, including dietary antioxidants, is a lever of metabolic disorder management. In particular, elevated coffee consumption is associated with different metabolic outcomes in the general population. We aimed to test whether such associations occur in HBV-infected people. Based on cross-sectional data from the ANRS CO22 Hepather cohort, we performed logistic regression models with (i) dyslipidemia, (ii) hypertension, and (iii) diabetes as outcomes, and with demographic, clinical, and socio-behavioral (including coffee consumption) data as explanatory variables. Among 4746 HBV-infected patients, drinking ≥3 cups of coffee per day was associated with a higher risk of dyslipidemia (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.49 [1.10–2.00], p = 0.009) and a lower risk of hypertension (0.64 [0.50–0.82], p = 0.001). It was not associated with diabetes. Elevated coffee consumption was associated with a higher risk of dyslipidemia and a lower risk of hypertension in HBV-infected patients, two effects expected to be associated with favorable clinical outcomes. Further studies should test whether such metabolic benefits translate into reduced mortality risk in this population

Revisiter l'alimentation durable en précisant la place de la nutrition et le rôle des produits animaux

Sustainable diets are "protective and respectful of biodiversity and ecosystems, culturally acceptable, accessible,economically fair and affordable; nutritionally adequate, safe and healthy; while optimizing natural and human resources". The PhD student will study the compatibility between those different dimensions of sustainability, using nutritional epidemiology and diet modelling. Particularly, he will study the conditions under which re-balancing animal and plant-based food intakes would contribute to more sustainable diets, at individual and population levels.L’alimentation durable est respectueuse de l’environnement, culturellement acceptable, financièrement abordable, saine et nutritionnellement adéquate. Le doctorant étudiera la compatibilité entre ces différentes dimensions, en mettant en œuvre des techniques d’épidémiologie nutritionnelle et de modélisation de rations. En particulier, il étudiera sous quelles conditions un ré-équilibrage entre les consommations de produits végétaux et de produits animaux pourrait contribuer à une alimentation durable, au niveau d’une population, et pour des individus

Revisiting sustainable diets by specifying the place of nutrition and the role of animal products

L’alimentation durable est respectueuse de l’environnement, culturellement acceptable, financièrement abordable, saine et nutritionnellement adéquate. Le doctorant étudiera la compatibilité entre ces différentes dimensions, en mettant en œuvre des techniques d’épidémiologie nutritionnelle et de modélisation de rations. En particulier, il étudiera sous quelles conditions un ré-équilibrage entre les consommations de produits végétaux et de produits animaux pourrait contribuer à une alimentation durable, au niveau d’une population, et pour des individus.Sustainable diets are "protective and respectful of biodiversity and ecosystems, culturally acceptable, accessible,economically fair and affordable; nutritionally adequate, safe and healthy; while optimizing natural and human resources". The PhD student will study the compatibility between those different dimensions of sustainability, using nutritional epidemiology and diet modelling. Particularly, he will study the conditions under which re-balancing animal and plant-based food intakes would contribute to more sustainable diets, at individual and population levels

A call for mindfulness-based interventions for cannabis-use disorders

Cannabis use is being increasingly liberalized worldwide, and an increasing prevalence of cannabis-use disorder (CUD) is observed. The few current therapeutic options for CUD are only modestly effective. Mindfulness-based interventions offer promising prospects for the management of substance-use disorders. However, despite proliferating literature on mindfulness and substance use, few studies have explored mindfulness in terms of cannabis use and CUD. There are many possibilities for the implementation of mindfulness-based interventions for cannabis use reduction, especially for younger users, who are more vulnerable to cannabis-related harms. Accordingly, large controlled trials are needed to reliably assess the potential of such interventions

Therapeutic Use and Other Reasons to Consume Cannabidiol: Insight from the French and Italian Contexts

International audienceCannabidiol (CBD) has a wide spectrum of potential therapeutic use and is growing in popularity. However, there is a need to characterize users, as associated benefits and risks may differ depending on the pattern of use. This study explored the characteristics of French and Italian CBD users according to their primary reason to use it. We analyzed data from an online survey of French (n = 1164) and Italian (n = 2608) cannabidiol users. We compared their characteristics according to their primary reason to use CBD, and identified correlates of therapeutic use with logistic regressions. In both countries, users’ characteristics differed according to their reasons to use CBD. Reporting therapeutic use was associated with daily CBD use and nonsmoking routes of administration in both countries. User profiles differed according to their primary reason to use it. However, similarities in characteristics were found between both countries for users who used CBD for therapeutic reasons. Accordingly, analyzing the reasons to use CBD would appear to be a pertinent way to characterize users and identify their unmet needs in terms of self-care

Symptom improvements following therapeutic use of cannabis-based products in French people with multiple sclerosis

International audienceNo abstract availabl

Medical Cannabis: Toward a New Policy and Health Model for an Ancient Medicine

International audienceCannabidiol (CBD), a safe, non-intoxicating cannabis component, is growing in popularity in Europe and worldwide. However, CBD EU regulation is blurry, and consequent labelling and product quality issues may have implications for public health. There is therefore a need to assess the prevalence and perceived harmfulness of CBD use in EU countries, as well as to characterise CBD users. We aimed to do so in the French population. Methods In December 2021, an online survey was conducted in a sample respecting the French adult population structure for key demographic variables. Sociodemographic, behavioural and CBD perception data were collected. Three separate regressions were performed to identify correlates of i) having heard of CBD, ii) using CBD, iii) perceived harmfulness of CBD. A hierarchical classification was also performed to identify profiles of CBD users. Results The study sample comprised 1969 adults, of whom 69.2% had heard of CBD and 10.1% used it. Less than half (46.8%) of the former considered it harmful. Having heard of CBD was associated with younger age, being born in France, tobacco use, and cannabis use. CBD use was associated with younger age, tobacco use, cannabis use, poor self-reported general health status, and positive perception of alternative medicines. Cluster analysis revealed four different CBD user profiles based on socio-demographics and behavioural characteristics. Conclusion Ten percent of the adults in this French study used CBD, and several user profiles emerged. Our results indirectly advocate clearer European CBD regulations to ensure safe and high-quality products

Stigma and care avoidance in people with unhealthy alcohol use: A call for research and action

No abstract availabl

Exploring the medical cannabis prescribing behaviors of French general practitioners

International audienc