INFLUENCIA DEL USO DE LOS MEDIOS PUBLICITARIOS EN EL COMPORTAMIENTO DEL CONSUMIDOR EN LA EMPRESA: IMPORTACIONES YELBA CIUDAD DE MATAGALPA, AÑO 2015

En la presente investigación se analizó la influencia que tienen los medios de publicidad en el comportamiento del consumidor en la empresa IMPORTACIONES YELBA con el fin de poder conocer de qué manera se comportan los consumidores al momento que están expuestos a un mensaje publicitario, al igual valorando que medio de publicidad es el que más influye y les favorecen para poder estar al tanto de las diferentes promociones y descuentos que se ofrecen en las empresas. Las variables de estudio fueron: los medios de publicidad y el comportamiento del consumidor, la primera se enfoca en cuál de todos los medios de publicidad que utiliza la empresa es el que más influye para realizar una compra, al igual que si es el medio más idóneo para brindarle la información necesaria, y comprobar si se sienten satisfechos con los productos que ofrece la empresa y al mismo tiempo la atención. La segunda variable que es el comportamiento del consumidor esta con el fin de poder identificar los diferentes tipos de consumidores y la manera de cómo se comportan al estar expuestos a los medios de publicidad y a los mensajes publicitarios que se trasmiten en el entorno del mercado. Los resultados que se obtuvieron de la investigación fueron muy satisfactorios tanto para nuestro estudio como para el propietario de la empresa ya que nos pudimos dar cuenta, cual es el medio que más influye en sus clientes y de igual manera saber que el mensaje que se les trasmite les llega de una manera más que positiv

METALWORKING AT MAYAPAN, YUCATAN, MEXICO: DISCOVERIES FROM THE R-183 GROUP

This article presents a compositional analysis of metal artifacts from the Postclassic period (a.d. 1100–1450) city of Mayapan, Yucatan, Mexico. We document metallurgical production at R-183, an elite residential group and one of the most significant archaeological contexts associated with metalworking at Mayapan. Salvage excavations in 1998 recovered a small cache containing 282 copper bells, two miniature ceramic vessels filled with metal, and production debris including loose casting sprues and miscast bells. Metallographic analysis of a small copper bell and wire fragments from the cache reveals lost-wax casting production techniques. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) of metal artifacts provides insight into the range of metals used by the R-183 metalworkers, which included copper- lead, copper-tin, and copper-arsenic alloys, and how these alloys compare to assemblages recovered from other contexts at the city. Our findings strongly suggest the use of remelting and casting techniques, likely utilizing remelted metals of both West and central Mexican origin, together with the use of imported goods made from a range of copper alloys

Pterostilbene Reduces Liver Steatosis and Modifies Hepatic Fatty Acid Profile in Obese Rats

Excessive fat accumulation within the liver is known as "simple hepatic steatosis", which is the most benign form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of the present study was to determine whether pterostilbene improves this hepatic alteration in Zucker (fa/fa) rats. Animals were distributed in two experimental groups (n = 10) and fed a standard laboratory diet. Rats in the pterostilbene group were given a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight/d for six weeks. After sacrifice, serum glucose, transaminase, and insulin concentrations were quantified and the liver triacylglycerol content and fatty acid profile was analyzed. Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied, including fatty acid synthesis and oxidation, triglyceride assembly, fatty acid uptake, and glucose uptake. With pterostilbene administration, a reduction in insulin concentrations (consequently in the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)) and hepatic triacylglycerol content were observed. No effects were observed in pterostilbene-treated rats in the activity of de novo lipogenesis enzymes. An improvement in the fatty acid profile was observed in pterostilbene-treated rats. In conclusion, pterostilbene is a useful molecule to reduce liver steatosis. Its delipidating effect is due, at least in part, to reduced fatty acid availability and triacylglycerol synthesis, as well as to an increased very low-density lipoprotein assembly and fatty acid oxidation.This research was funded by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, grant number AGL-2015-65719-R; Instituto de Salud Carlos III CIBERobn, grant number, CB12/03/30007; Government of the Basque Country, grant number IT-572-13; Biodonostia Institute, grant number Biodonostia-CIBEREHD

The Transcription Factor ArcA Modulates Salmonella’s Metabolism in Response to Neutrophil Hypochlorous Acid-Mediated Stress

Indexación: ScopusSalmonella Typhimurium, a bacterial pathogen with high metabolic plasticity, can adapt to different environmental conditions; these traits enhance its virulence by enabling bacterial survival. Neutrophils play important roles in the innate immune response, including the production of microbicidal reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, the myeloperoxidase in neutrophils catalyzes the formation of hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a highly toxic molecule that reacts with essential biomolecules, causing oxidative damage including lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation. The bacterial response regulator ArcA regulates adaptive responses to oxygen levels and influences the survival of Salmonella inside phagocytic cells. Here, we demonstrate by whole transcriptomic analyses that ArcA regulates genes related to various metabolic pathways, enabling bacterial survival during HOCl-stress in vitro. Also, inside neutrophils, ArcA controls the transcription of several metabolic pathways by downregulating the expression of genes related to fatty acid degradation, lysine degradation, and arginine, proline, pyruvate, and propanoate metabolism. ArcA also upregulates genes encoding components of the oxidative pathway. These results underscore the importance of ArcA in ATP generation inside the neutrophil phagosome and its participation in bacterial metabolic adaptations during HOCl stress. © Copyright © 2019 Pardo-Esté, Castro-Severyn, Krüger, Cabezas, Briones, Aguirre, Morales, Baquedano, Sulbaran, Hidalgo, Meneses, Poblete-Castro, Castro-Nallar, Valvano and Saavedra.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02754/ful

La symbolique du papillon en Mésoamérique et ses représentations dans l’artisanat des objets en or

Les anciens peuples mésoaméricains étaient des observateurs attentifs de la nature et du fonctionnement biologique de certains animaux — insectes, oiseaux, amphibiens, etc. — si bien que les particularités de plusieurs d’entre eux, la métamorphose notamment, ont joué un rôle important dans la vision du monde en Mésoamérique. Les papillons tenaient à ce titre une place importante dans la religion mésoaméricaine où ils étaient liés aux idées de transformation, de mort et de renouveau. Les guerriers morts au combat ou sacrifiés pour des rituels, ainsi que les femmes mortes en couches, étaient censés se transformer en papillons. Pourtant, malgré cette symbolique importante, la représentation du papillon reste rare dans l’artisanat des objets en or.The ancient Mesoamerican peoples were keen observers of nature and of biological processes of many animals : insects, birds, amphibians and so forth. A number of animals that undergo metamorphosis and other biological traits played a very important role in the worldview of Mesoamerica.Butterflies were highly important in Mesoamerican religion and they were linked to ideas of transformation, death and renewal. Warriors who died in the battlefield as well as those who were ritually killed and women who died giving birth, transformed into butterflies. Despite their symbolic importance, there are only a few butterflies in gold.中部美洲的古代民族是大自然細心的觀察者，他們十分了解諸如昆蟲、鳥類和兩棲類動物的生物功能。因此，某些動物的特征，如“變態”，在中部美洲人民世界觀的形成中起了很重要的作用。例如，蝴蝶由於和“變形”、“死亡”及“ 重生”這些觀念相關，在中部美洲的宗教中扮演著重要角色。在戰爭中死亡或者為祭祀而犧牲的戰士，以及因難產而死的婦女都會化成蝴蝶。但儘管蝴蝶的象征意義十分重要，金製的蝴蝶工藝品卻頗為罕見

Tezcatlipoca Trickster and Supreme Deity

Cover -- Contents -- Contributors -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: Symbolizing Tezcatlipoca -- 1. The Archaeology of Tezcatlipoca -- 2. Iconographic Characteristics of Tezcatlipoca in the Representations of Central Mexico -- 3. Enemy Brothers or Divine Twins? -- 4. Tezcatlipoca and Huitzilopochtli -- 5. Tezcatlipoca as a Warrior -- 6. Gender Ambiguity and the Toxcatl Sacrifice -- 7. The Maya Lord of the Smoking Mirror -- References -- IndexDescription based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries