Synthesis and Characterization of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) Dispersed ZnS Based Photocatalytic Activity

Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) based photocatalytic activity has been focused in solar hydrogen production and water treatment process because to their very strong redox reaction. Due to wide visible light range, ZnS becomes a promising semiconductor in formation of photocatalysts. The bandgap energies (Eg) of all prepared samples ZnS NCs and MWCNTs/ZnS nanocomposites were evaluated and Methylene Blue (MB) degradation study occurring of ZnS NCs and MWCNTs/ZnS nanocomposites were evaluated under visible light using UV-visible spectroscopy. The author found that removal rate of MB is greater than 95 percentage in the presence of MWCNTs/ZnS composites photocatalysts after 50 min. Crystalline grain size and structure of photocatalyst were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. The enhancement of photocatalytic activity can be associated by many factors like a suitable band gap in visible region, crystalline structure of nanocomposites and particle size in nanometer (nm) of the MWCNTs/ZnS nanocomposites. The suitable photocatalytic reaction and mechanisms of MB degradation also included in this article

Lead Environmental Pollution in Central India

Non

HeartWare HVAD: Postoperative issues in our first patient

Ventricular assist devices (VADs) serve as a bridge to heart transplant or destination therapy in end stage heart failure. HeartWare HVAD is a second generation, non pulsatile, magnetically levitated centrifugal pump, which is preload dependent and afterload sensitive. It has an inlet that is cored into the left ventricular wall and an outflow that is attached to a graft which is sutured into the ascending aorta. The Registry to Evaluate the HeartWare Left Ventricular Assist System (ReVOLVE) registry has reported a 2 year survival of 76% and 5 year survival of 59%. We present our experience of the first HeartWare 2 HVAD implanted at our institute

Understanding Sources and Composition of Black Carbon and PM_2.5 in Urban Environments in East India

Black carbon (BC) and PM2.5 chemical characterizations are crucial for insight into their impact on the health of the exposed population. PM2.5 sampling was carried out over selected residential sites of Jamshedpur (JSR) and Kharagpur (KGP), east India, during the winter season. Seven selected elements (SO42−, Cl−, Na+, NO3−, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) were analyzed using ion chromatography (IC). Black carbon (BC) sampling was also done at two different sites in JSR and KGP to understand its correlation. The PM2.5 ionic species mass concentration in JSR was in the order of SO42− > Cl− > Na+ > NO3− > K+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+, whereas in KGP, it was SO42− > NO3− > Cl− > Na+ > K+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+. The back-trajectory analysis showed that most of the air masses during the study period originated from the Indo Gangetic Plain (IGP). The Pearson relations of BC-PM2.5 indicate a better positive correlation (r = 0.66) at KGP compared to JSR (r = 0.42). As shown in the diagnostic ratio analysis, fossil fuel combustion and wood burning account for 51.51% and 36.36% of the total energy consumption in JSR city, respectively. In KGP city, the apportionment of origin sources were fossil fuel and wood burning at 43.75% and 34.37%, respectively. This study provides the first inventory of atmospheric particulate-bound chemical concentrations and BC profiles in middle-east India and informs policymakers and scientists for further studies

Factors determining outcomes in grown up patients operated for congenital heart diseases

Background: The number of grown ups with congenital heart diseases (GUCHs) is steadily increasing. Aims: To analyze factors predicting early cardiac morbidity following cardiac surgery in GUCH at a tertiary care center. Setting and Design: Retrospective study at a multispeciality tertiary referral center. Methods: Between January 2004 and December 2014, 1432 patients ≥13 years of age (acyanotic defects: 843, cyanotic defects: 589) underwent surgery for congenital heart defects. Factors associated with early cardiac morbidity were analyzed. Statistical Analysis: Univariable and multivariable analysis of all factors affecting outcomes. Results: On multivariate analysis, previous sternotomy, aortic cross-clamp time. >45 min, cyanosis, and emergency procedure were independent predictors of early morbidity with respective odds ratios. (ORs) of 12.4, 3.6, 2.6, and 8.1. For more precise estimation, a risk score was generated. Taking the log odds with each of these four as respective weights, a score was generated. The variables were. previous sternotomy. (2.5), aortic cross.clamp. >45 min. (1.3), emergency procedure. (2.1), and cyanosis. (0.9), if the respective condition is present, zero otherwise. The score ranged from 0 to 4.5. The average value of the score based on the four variables was significantly higher in cases with morbidity. (1.85. ± 1.17) vs. (0.75. ± 0.88), P 3 had OR of 48.7. Conclusion: GUCH can be safely operated when adequate caution is taken in the presence of independent predictors such as previous sternotomy, aortic clamp time >45 min, cyanosis, and emergency procedure

Heart transplant in India: Lessons learned

Introduction: Heart Transplant in India started in 1994. We were initially doing 1-2 per year but the numbers have picked up since 2014 and we have done 25 in the past 3 years. We describe our experience of the last 4 years in this paper. Results: Initially, we experienced a relatively higher rate of rejections, fungal infections and graft failure. As we changed protocols, stopped using induction therapy except in high risk, maintained higher levels of immune suppression and tapered steroids faster in the first year, the complications reduced. All patients who had rejections and all the later transplants were maintained on a regime of tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and steroids along with six months of valgancyclovir, voriconazole and co-trimoxazole. Steroids were tapered by six months to 0.1 mg/kg per day in all patients. Conclusions: In our recent patients, infection was the most common adverse event followed by rejection and PGD. In the latter half of our experience, we found that the complications reduced, suggesting that experience leads to less complications