Medium to Shallow Depth Stratigraphic Assessment Based on the Application of Geophysical Techniques

In this chapter, on the basis of several case studies, we shall try and illustrate in what way geophysical techniques can contribute to the stratigraphic assessment of a site providing high-level information and contributing at least to rationally planning, if not completing avoiding at, the drilling campaign. In all cases, the primary method of investigation has been that of reflection seismology employed at different scales. However, this method was prevalently preceded by a gravity survey, which is essential for the proper design of the acquisition parameters, and accompanied by other geophysical data and direct surveys, such as drillings and exploratory excavations

DETEKSI INTRA DAN EKSTRASELU\u27LER POLIOL PADA PERTUMBUHAN YEAST TOLERAN DEBARYOMYCES HANSEN!\u27 DALAM ASAM DAN LARUTAN GARAM KONSENTRASI TINGGI = DETECTION OF INTRA AND EXTRACELLULER POLYOLS ON THE GROWTH OF TOLERANT-YEAST

Debaryomyces hansenii saat kini muncul sebagai yeast` yang penting dalam industri susu. Pada ...1.vasi ini diketemukan juga bentuk yang tidak sempurna disebut Candida famata dan beberapa species yang kadang-kadane ditemukan pada makanan seperti misalnya: D. polymorphus, D. maramus dan D. carsonii. Menurut beberapa laporan Debaryomyces hansenii banyak berkaitan dengan kerusakan yogurt, tetapi juga dilaporkan besarnya kontribusi pada produksi keju yang diperam dengan jamur seperti: Camembert. Blue-veined dan bermacam-macam Brie. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh ketahanan hidup dan toleransi dari Debaryomyces hansenii pada produk-produk makanan yang mengandung asam organik dan garam konsentrasi tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat Debaryomyces hansenii menunjukkan jumlah populasi tetap tinggi yaitu 104-105 cfu/ml pada media yang hipertonis seperti larutan glukosa, asam sitrat dan laktat masing-masing kosentrasi 2% ditambah garam dari 0 dan 15%_ Hal ini disebabkan oleh adanya produksi poliol dari intra maupun ekstraseluler (gliserol, eritritol dan arabitol) yang gunanya sebagai penyeimbang (osmoregulator) bagi sel yeast yang mengalami stres tersebut. Sel ini beradaptasi dalam 1aru:tan yang hipertonis hingga waktu adaptasinya mencapai 48 jam pada larutan tersebut. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa polio! yang dihasilkan oleh set tersebut adalah merupakan faktor kunci yang disebut sebagai osmoregulator yang dapat berakibat Debaryomyces hansenii tetap dapat bertahan pada linglcungan yang hipertonis. Kata kunci: Debaryomyces hansenii, poliol, osmoregulator, larutan hipertoni

KEBERHASILAN INSEMINASI BUATAN (IB) MENGGUNAKAN SEMEN BEKU SAPI BALI, SIMENTAL DAN LIMOSIN PADA AKSEPTOR SAPI ACEH DI KECAMATAN MESJID RAYA KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan keberhasilan Inseminasi Buatan pada sapi aceh menggunakan semen beku sapi bali, sapi simental, dan sapi limosin di Kecamatan Mesjid Raya Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Materi penelitian terdiri dari 30 orang responden dan 61 ekor induk sapi aceh yang dipelihara masyarakat di Kecamatan Mesjid Raya Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey, dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Data diperoleh dari hasil IB sapi aceh oleh petugas inseminator, dan hasil wawancara berupa kuesioner dengan peternak. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis diskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan tingkat Conseption Rate (CR) sapi aceh menggunakan semen beku sapi Bali adalah 63,15%, lebih tinggi dari semen beku sapi Simental sebesar 54,54% dan sapi Limosin sebesar 60,00%. Nilai Service Per Conception menggunakan semen beku sapi Bali adalah 1,42 kali lebih rendah dari semen beku sapi simental dan semen beku sapi Limosin yaitu 1,54 dan 1,55

Reporting expected longevity and smoking: evidence from the SHARE

This paper investigates formation of expected longevity in an elderly population. We use Italian data from the early (2004) release of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The SHARE provides a numerical measure for subjective survival probability (SSP). To assess internal consistency and investigate validity of SSP as a proxy of actual mortality, we compare SSP to lifetables and look at the variation with health, smoking and socio-economic variables. In a multivariate framework, we propose a recursive model for expected longevity, self-assessed health and smoking duration, where health and smoking variables are potentially endogenous. Unobservable individual-specific heterogeneity is considered by estimating a finite mixture model via the EM algorithm, which allows division of the population according to different latent classes and estimation of class membership probabilities. Our mixture model fits the data better than the single class model and provides evidence of individual unobserved heterogeneity in the formulation of survival expectations. Expectations are shown to vary most with health status, socio-economic characteristics, parental mortality and age. Two-types of individuals in the population are identified, that differ in terms of unobservable frailty and rationality in addiction. We also find differences between current and former smokers in the way they discount future consequences of tobacco consumption on health and mortality risk. Our findings suggest caution in the use of SSP as a proxy of actual mortality

Health and Economic Behaviour: a Critical Survey of the Literature

The purpose of this paper is to give a brief overview of the relevant literature on health economics. Theoretical and empirical researches are reviewed to examine the traditional perception of health and pro- vide some general intuition of why the study of the individual eco- nomic behaviour is important in the ¯eld of health. Health, wealth and lifestyles are intimately linked through a complex bidirectional re- lationship. Economists have contributed much at its understanding and have overcome the limits of the medical and epidemiological approaches. This survey concentrates on the main estimation problems found in the health production function approach. Econometric methods that take account of reverse causation, unobservable heterogeneity and endogene- ity are needed to recover the genuine causal e®ect of socio-economic factors and health-related behaviours on health. Finally, this survey looks at inequality in health as an urgent public interest issue and sug- gests to disentangle the causes of health inequalities from an economic perspective

Identification and Characterization of Differentially Expressed Genes in Ganoderma Boninense-Infected Oil Palms (Elaeis Guineensis)

Basal stem rot (BSR) caused by Ganoderma boninense is the most serious disease of oil palms in Malaysia. Thus, changes in the gene expression patterns of infected palms have gained interests among researchers as a tool to understand the disease. An indication that there are differences in susceptibility to BSR between germplasm materials from different genetic origins have provided hope in generating oil palm varieties with reduced levels of susceptibility by using existing genetic materials. The study of differentially expressed genes may also pave the way towards developing diagnostic tools for early disease detection in oil palms. A novel method combining elements of suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) permits the efficient and rapid cloning of rarely transcribed differentially expressed genes. The experimental strategy virtually excludes the possibility of isolating false positive clones. This study used SSH and isolated 1,038 differentially expressed cDNAs from the G. boninense-inoculated oil palm seedlings (T1) when subtracted from its uninoculated counterpart (T2), using the basal stem and spear leaf tissues. Sequence data indicated that of the 1,038 clones obtained, 86% showed sequence similarity to proteins already registered in public databases, 10% showed similarity to putative protein sequences and 4% were unknown proteins with no records in public databases. Seven clones harboring genes encoding for defense mechanisms against fungal and insect pathogens in plants were identified. They were pathogenesis-related (PR)-genes and defense-related genes depending on their direct or indirect roles in plant defense against pathogens. Reverse northern analysis of these 7 clones demonstrated that 4 were differentially expressed in T1 but northern analysis showed that only 3 were differentially expressed. Further analysis via reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) confirmed these 3 genes to be differentially expressed in G. boninense infected oil palms. They were MAG 43 that codes for serine palmitoyltransferase, MAG 59 for chitinase and MAG 225 for endochitinase

The Impact of Teaching Interventions for Electrical Circuits on the Structure of Primary School Students’ Written Arguments

The present paper aims at investigating the impact of a teaching intervention for electrical circuits, based on the constructivist approach to learning, with the engagement of students in science and engineering practices, on the structure of primary school students’ written arguments. Furthermore, the comparison between the learning outcomes (regarding the structure of students’ arguments) of this teaching intervention and the respective learning outcomes of another teaching intervention for electrical circuits, which is based on the school textbook primary school students in Greece are taught, is pursued. Instructional material on electrical circuits was developed based on the constructivist approach to learning, with the engagement of students in science and engineering practices, and was implemented with 34 students aged 11 years (experimental group). In addition, according to the school science textbook, which is based on the Guided Research Teaching Model, electrical circuits were taught to 38 students aged 11 years (control group). Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire completed by the students before and after the two teaching interventions. Data analysis used a scale of two-level classified criteria. It emerged that the teaching intervention implemented in the experimental group significantly contributed to improving the structure of students’ written arguments. By contrast, the structure of written arguments developed by students belonging to the control group was not significantly improved

LEARNING ELECTRIC CIRCUITS: THE CONTENT OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ WRITTEN ARGUMENTS

This study aimed to investigate the impact of a teaching intervention for electric circuits on the content of elementary school students’ written arguments. Educational material was constructed based on the constructivist approach to learning with the use of science and engineering practices and was implemented with 34 students aged 11 years. A questionnaire that was provided to students before and after the teaching intervention (pre-test, post-test) was used to collect the data. Data analysis was carried out by classifying the sufficiency of the components of the arguments into levels. The analysis of written answers (arguments) was performed with a framework for assessing the content of arguments (appropriateness of their components: claim, evidence, and reasoning). The data analysis showed that the students significantly improved the content of their arguments.  Article visualizations

Witnessing to Christ Today

This volume contains the preliminary results of the Edinburgh 2010 study project, which was set up in 2005, and reconstituted in 2007, to mark the centenary of the World Missionary Conference.https://scholar.csl.edu/edinburghcentenary/1025/thumbnail.jp

Application of Seismic Tomography and Geotechnical Modeling for the Solution of Two Complex Instability Cases

The geotechnical instability of sites and artificial structures is a widespread problem that particularly affects heavily anthropized areas and historical cities, and often this instability is linked to human activities and to interventions carried out without adequate preliminary geotechnical studies. The most common procedure for assessing unstable sites includes base studies such as drilling boreholes, shallow excavations, and engineering geology studies. However, more and more often, some geophysical techniques are associated to the above intervention, represent the first phase of assessment, and allow optimizing the possible campaign of excavations and boreholes. Compared to direct surveys, the geophysical ones provide extensive and continuous information, are moderately invasive, and have a remarkably advantageous information-to-cost ratio. In this chapter, we illustrate two examples of characterization of unstable sites. The first case concerns the ancient walls of an Italian city, and the second one deals with the instability of a road slope. In both cases, the geotechnical modeling is also based on the results of preliminary geophysical surveys