Ovarian Fibroma with Meigs Syndrome associated with Elevated CA125 - A Rare Case

Postmenopausal women with solid adnexal masses, ascites and pleural effusion with elevated CA 125 are highly suggestive for malignant ovarian tumor. However in literature 28 cases Meigs syndrome (Benign ovarian tumor, ascites and right pleural effusion) with raised CA 125 have been reported. We report a case of Meigs syndrome caused by right ovarian fibroma with elevated serum CA125 level in a postmenopausal woma

Primary Fallopian Tube Carcinoma

Primary Fallopian Tube Carcinoma (PFTC) is rare and accounts for about 0.3% of all gynecologic cancers. Less than 1500 cases have been reported in the literature. It arises in postmenopausal women and typically presents with abdominal pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding and watery discharge. However, a correct diagnosis is rarely achieved preoperative, and in many cases, the diagnosis is made after incidental surgery for unrelated conditions commonly being ovarian carcinoma . Compared with ovarian carcinoma, PFTC more often presents at early stages, but it has a worse prognosis. PFTC is usually managed in the same manner as ovarian cancer. We report a case of Left PFTC that presented as Left ovarian mass, and we briefly review the literature

Ganglioneuroma Always A Histopathological Diagnosis

Neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma arise from sympathetic tissue in the neck, posterior mediastinum, adrenal gland, retroperitoneum and pelvis Ganglioneuromas are commonly seen in childhood. They are highly differentiated benign tumors and are compatible with long-term disease free survival. Retroperitoneal localization is relatively frequent for these tumors. Due to its rarity and lack of specific radiological findings diagnosis is always postoperative. Here, we present a case of Retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma which was undiagnosed before surgery

Thymoma with Myasthenia Gravis in Adolescent

Thymomas are exceedingly rare in the first 20 years of life, Thymic lesions comprise approximately 2–3% of all pediatric mediastinal tumors and include thymic cysts, hyperplasia, carcinoma, and thymomas. Fewer than 30 cases in children have been described in the literature. Thymomas in adults are commonly associated with other diseases, the most frequent being myasthenia gravis. However, this association has been rarely reported in childhood. These tumors are typically aggressive, with poor outcomes. We report a case of thymoma associated with myasthenia gravis in a 16-year-old girl and review the literature

Enhancing awareness of STIs and cervical cancer among husbands in an urban slum of Mumbai, India: a comparative study focusing on General, OBC and SC/ST/NT population

Background: Globally, cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers among women, 80 percent of cervical cancer cases present with an advanced stage of the disease when cure is impossible.  This may be due to lack of awareness and knowledge, and lack of access to proper treatment including screening facility. Involvement of husband for understanding and supporting the wife may be more effective in reproductive health related matters.Methods: An intervention study was undertaken in an urban slum of Mumbai with the objectives to investigate the awareness, knowledge and perceptions about STIs and cervical cancer and to identify programme strategies contributing to effective participation of husbands in three different categories. Baseline data was obtained from 1020   married men followed by interventions for 18 months and endline data was collected from 1013 married men to evaluate the impact of intervention. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test was used for data analysis.Results: The results indicate significant increase in awareness about STIs, cervical cancer and Pap smear with low awareness about symptoms, abnormal discharge from vagina and abnormal vaginal bleeding in all the three groups.Conclusions: Study concludes that intervention strategy adopted at community as well as clinic level can play better role as a source of information of STIs and cervical cancer. Similar changes observed in all three categories suggest, programmes need to focus on general population rather than specific categories in a metropolitan city like Mumbai as population in urban slums of Mumbai is ethnically mixed in nature.

GR-496 Cardiac arrest prediction model

The Cardiac arrest prediction model project melds machine learning with healthcare to tackle heart disease. It aims to surpass current diagnostic tools that fail to catch early signs of cardiac events, often leading to high mortality. By developing an ML model that identifies early predictors of cardiac arrest, the project seeks to enable early interventions. Using supervised learning for its pattern recognition strength, the goal is to predict heart attacks accurately and thus, revolutionize preventative care and outcomes. This effort marks a leap in medical diagnostics and moves towards personalized healthcare, potentially saving countless lives and pioneering a new direction in the fight against heart disease

CHARM, a gender equity and family planning intervention for men and couples in rural India: protocol for the cluster randomized controlled trial evaluation.

BackgroundGlobally, 41% of all pregnancies are unintended, increasing risk for unsafe abortion, miscarriage and maternal and child morbidities and mortality. One in four pregnancies in India (3.3 million pregnancies, annually) are unintended; 2/3 of these occur in the context of no modern contraceptive use. In addition, no contraceptive use until desired number and sex composition of children is achieved remains a norm in India. Research shows that globally and in India, the youngest and most newly married wives are least likely to use contraception and most likely to report husband's exclusive family planning decision-making control, suggesting that male engagement and family planning support is important for this group. Thus, the Counseling Husbands to Achieve Reproductive Health and Marital Equity (CHARM) intervention was developed in recognition of the need for more male engagement family planning models that include gender equity counseling and focus on spacing contraception use in rural India.Methods/designFor this study, a multi-session intervention delivered to men but inclusive of their wives was developed and evaluated as a two-armed cluster randomized controlled design study conducted across 50 mapped clusters in rural Maharashtra, India. Eligible rural young husbands and their wives (N = 1081) participated in a three session gender-equity focused family planning program delivered to the men (Sessions 1 and 2) and their wives (Session 3) by village health providers in rural India. Survey assessments were conducted at baseline and 9&18 month follow-ups with eligible men and their wives, and pregnancy tests were obtained from wives at baseline and 18-month follow-up. Additional in-depth understanding of how intervention impact occurred was assessed via in-depth interviews at 18 month follow-up with VHPs and a subsample of couples (n = 50, 2 couples per intervention cluster). Process evaluation was conducted to collect feedback from husbands, wives, and VHPs on program quality and to ascertain whether program elements were implemented according to curriculum protocols. Fidelity to intervention protocol was assessed via review of clinical records.DiscussionAll study procedures were completed in February 2015. Findings from this work offer important contributions to the growing field of male engagement in family planning, globally.Trial registrationClinicalTrial.gov, NCT01593943

Prevalence of unmet need for contraception in urban slum communities, Mumbai

Background: Unmet need for family planning is a tool to monitor the family planning program. Hence, the objective of study is to examine the prevalence of unmet need for family planning among women living in urban slum communities, Mumbai.Methods: The cross-sectional survey was conducted among currently married women aged 18-39 years and having at least one child. A total of 2797 women were selected using systematic random sampling. Information on demographic characteristics, their contraceptive behaviour and fertility intention were collected by face to face interview using structured questionnaire. Chi square test was applied and p <0.05 was considered as significant.  Results: About 59.4% were currently using family planning methods and 40.6% have reported unmet need for family planning. Awareness of contraceptive methods among women with unmet need for family planning was universal. The prevalence of unmet need for family planning significantly decreased as the age and number of children increased. The prevalence of unmet need was significantly higher than met need for family planning among women having one child as compared to women having 2 or more children.Conclusions: A significant gap was observed between met and unmet need for family planning among younger women and having one child. The study emphasises the need for family planning programs to focus on younger couples having one child.