Evaluation of the effects of amiodarone and amiodarone+dobutamine on survival in tilmicosin-induced toxicity by electrocardiography and biochemical parameters in goats: Survival rate in tilmicosin toxicity

Tilmicosin shows different degrees of cardiotoxic effect in various animal species depending on the route of administration and dose. We aimed to determine the effects of amiodarone and amiodarone+dobutamine treatments on tilmicosin cardiotoxicity and survival time. 18 healthy goats were divided into tilmicosin, tilmicosin+amiodarone and tilmicosin+amiodarone+dobutamine groups. After drug administrations, the survival times of the animals in all groups were recorded. In addition, blood was drawn from the animals just before they died. Haemogram, troponin I, CK-MB and other biochemical parameters were measured in all blood samples. Prolonged survival was observed in the treatment groups compared to the tilmicosin group. In the treatment groups, decreases in haemogram parameters, albumin, total protein and cholesterol levels caused by tilmicosin could not be prevented, while the increase in troponin I level was prevented. In conclusion, while cardiotoxicity due to high troponin from tilmicosin was prevented, the survival rate was not affected in both treatment groups, and the survival time was extended at differing rates. In case of accidental or deliberate overdose of tilmicosin in animals, in addition to the use of amiodarone+dobutamine, the survival time may be prolonged, and the success may increase if the necessary symptomatic treatments and equipment support are available.Tilmicosin shows different degrees of cardiotoxic effect in various animal species depending on the route of administration and dose. We aimed to determine the effects of amiodarone and amiodarone+dobutamine treatments on tilmicosin cardiotoxicity and survival time. 18 healthy goats were divided into tilmicosin, tilmicosin+amiodarone and tilmicosin+amiodarone+dobutamine groups. After drug administrations, the survival times of the animals in all groups were recorded. In addition, blood was drawn from the animals just before they died. Haemogram, troponin I, CK-MB and other biochemical parameters were measured in all blood samples. Prolonged survival was observed in the treatment groups compared to the tilmicosin group. In the treatment groups, decreases in haemogram parameters, albumin, total protein and cholesterol levels caused by tilmicosin could not be prevented, while the increase in troponin I level was prevented. In conclusion, while cardiotoxicity due to high troponin from tilmicosin was prevented, the survival rate was not affected in both treatment groups, and the survival time was extended at differing rates. In case of accidental or deliberate overdose of tilmicosin in animals, in addition to the use of amiodarone+dobutamine, the survival time may be prolonged, and the success may increase if the necessary symptomatic treatments and equipment support are available

Tildipirosin may cause cardiotoxicity in sheep

Tildipirosin is a 16-membered ring, tribasic and semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic. The aim of this study was to determine the safety of tildipirosin following a single treatment at doses of 4 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg via subcutaneous injection. In the current research, tildipirosin (SC, single treatment) was applied at the doses of 4 and 8 mg/kg to the Normal Dose (ND) and High Dose (HD) group, respectively. Blood samples were gained before (0th d) and after treatments on 0.25, 0.5, 1, 3 and 21 d’s. Hemogram, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters were determined from blood samples. High dose tildipirosin increased cardiac damage parameters including creatine kinase-MB mass and partially troponin I within the first day, and high dose tildipirosin decreased statistically significant the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels on 1 and 3 d compared with ND group. Statistically significance fluctuations within reference ranges were observed in the biochemical and hemogram values. In conclusion, high dose tildipirosin may cause cardiotoxicity in sheep. However, cardiography, monitorization and histopathological evaluations should be done to determination of adverse effects of different doses of tildipirosin in sheep. © 2017, Scientific Publishers of India. All rights reserved

Effects of Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract and Nerium oleander distillate on experimentally induced colon cancer

The aim of this research was to determine the effects of Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract (TCAE) and Nerium oleander distillation (NOD) on the colon aberrant cryptal foci (ACF) score, serum cytokines [Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-10], prostaglandin E2, and oxidative status parameters (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) in an experimentally induced colon cancer model in rats. Male rats (38 in total) were divided into 4 groups: Control group (n = 8), Colon Cancer group (CC, n = 10), CC+TCAE group (n = 10), and CC i NOD group (n = 10). Except for the Control group, the rest of rats received azoxymethane (15 mg/kg, SC) once a week for two weeks to induce colon cancer. TCAE was administered once a week at 0.2 mL/kg (SC) and NOD was administered in water to CC+TCAE and CC+NOD groups for 18 weeks. After blood samples were collected, the rats were euthanized, colons were removed, washed with saline, then fixed with 10% formaldehyde, and stained with 0.2% methylene blue. ACFs were scored by light microscopy. Serum levels of cytokines, prostaglandin E2, and oxidative status parameters were determined with ELISA. ACF score of the CC group was higher than CC+TCAE and CC+NOD groups. The prostaglandin E2 level of the Control group was lower than the CC i TCAE group, while IL-2 and IL-10 levels of the Control group were lower than all other groups. In conclusion, it can be stated that TCAE and NOD applications may be beneficial in the treatment of colon cancer.SUBAPK [17401073]This study was financed by SUBAPK (17401073). Study abstract was present as oral presentation in the International Conference on Veterinary, Agriculture and Life Sciences (ICVALS), October 26-29, 2018, Antalya, Turke

Evaluation of the effects of amiodarone and amiodarone+dobutamine on survival in tilmicosin-induced toxicity by electrocardiography and biochemical parameters in goats

Tilmicosin shows different degrees of cardiotoxic effect in various animal species depending on the route of administration and dose. We aimed to determine the effects of amiodarone and amiodarone+dobutamine treatments on tilmicosincardiotoxicity and survival time. 18 healthy goats were divided into tilmicosin, tilmicosin+amiodarone and tilmicosin+amiodarone+dobutamine groups. After drug administrations, the survival times of the animals in all groups were recorded. In addition, blood was drawn from the animals just before they died. Haemogram, troponin I, CK-MB, and other biochemical parameters were measured in all blood samples. Prolonged survival was observed in the treatment groups compared to the tilmicosin group. In the treatment groups, decreases in haemogram parameters, albumin, and total protein levels caused by tilmicosin could not be prevented, while the increase in troponin I level was prevented. In conclusion, while cardiotoxicity due to high troponin from tilmicosin was prevented, the survival rate was not affected in both treatment groups, and the survival time was extended at differing rates. In case of accidental or deliberate overdose of tilmicosin in animals, in addition to the use of amiodarone+dobutamine, the survival time may be prolonged, and the success may increase if the necessary symptomatic treatments and equipment support are available. © 2024, D Coskun, M ider, A naseri, B Dik, E Bahcivan, B Tras, ayse ERSUPABK, (20401008

The effects of dexamethasone and minocycline alone and combined with N-acetylcysteine and vitamin E on serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 and coenzyme Q10 levels in aflatoxin B1 administered rats

This study aimed to determine the effects of dexamethasone and minocycline alone and combined treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and vitamin E on serum coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels in rats administered aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The study was carried out on 66 male Wistar rats. Following the intraperitoneal (IP) administration of AFB1 at dose of 2 mg/kg, minocycline (45 and 90 mg/kg, IP) and dexamethasone (5 and 20 mg/kg, IP) were administered alone and combined with NAC (200 mg/kg, IP) and vitamin E (600 mg/kg, IP). CoQ10 and MMP-9 levels were analyzed using the HPLC-UV method and a commercial kit by ELISA, respectively. AFB1 increased MMP-9 level and decreased CoQ10 level compared to the control group. After dexamethasone and minocycline administration, there is no increase in CoQ10 level, which is caused by AFB1. However, dexamethasone and minocycline combined with NAC+vitamin E caused significant increases in CoQ10 levels. Dexamethasone and minocycline alone and combined with NAC+vitamin E decreased MMP-9 levels compared to the single AFB1 treated group. The use of MMPs inhibitors and oxidative stress-reducing agents is anticipated to be beneficial in the poisoning with AFB1

Applying Novel Techniques from Physical and Biological Sciences to Life Detection

One of the primary goals of the space exploration community is to unambiguously detect past or present life outside of Earth. As such, a number of so-called life detection technologies, instruments, and approaches have been applied as part of past, current, and future space missions. As astrobiology is a truly interdisciplinary field within the realm of space exploration with major contributions from physical and biological sciences (among others), recently there has been development of a number of relevant techniques from scientific fields that have yet to be fully applied to extraterrestrial life detection. As a culmination of the 2021 Blue Marble Space Institute of Science (BMSIS) Young Scientist Program (YSP), we present a number of techniques drawn from various fields (including, but not limited to, chemistry, materials science, biology, nanotechnology, medical science, astrophysics, and more) that either have been or have the potential to be applied to life detection research. These techniques broadly fall under three categories: instrumentation for in situ measurements of biosignatures within the solar system, calculations or observational techniques for remote measurements of exoplanet biosignatures, and technosignatures. We hope that this primer serves to inspire the field to consider applying more potential technologies from adjacent fields into any of these three categories of life detection

Achievements and Lessons Learned From Successful Small Satellite Missions for Space Weather-Oriented Research

When the first CubeSats were launched nearly two decades ago, few people believed that the miniature satellites would likely prove to be a useful scientific tool. Skeptics abounded. However, the last decade has seen the highly successful implementation of space missions that make creative and innovative use of fast-advancing CubeSat and small satellite technology to carry out important science experiments and missions. Several projects now have used CubeSats to obtain first-of-their-kind observations and findings that have formed the basis for high-profile engineering and science publications, thereby establishing without doubt the scientific value and broad utility of CubeSats. In this paper, we describe recent achievements and lessons learned from a representative selection of successful CubeSat missions with a space weather focus. We conclude that these missions were successful in part because their limited resources promoted not only mission focus but also appropriate risk-taking for comparatively high science return. Quantitative analysis of refereed publications from these CubeSat missions and several larger missions reveals that mission outcome metrics compare favorably when publication number is normalized by mission cost or if expressed as a weighted net scientific impact of all mission publications.Plain Language SummarySpace missions using very small satellites and low resources have demonstrated they can accomplish high quality science, overcoming initial low expectations of many inside the space science community. We focus on one class of small satellites known as “CubeSats.” CubeSats comprise a small number of modular cubes, each the size of a typical tissue box and weighing approximately one kg (like a pineapple). We discuss five CubeSat missions that operated during the last 10 years, each having total mission mass of three kg and total mission costs of slightly more than 1 million US dollars. These missions had focused goals targeting different aspects of space weather. For each mission, we summarize its scientific achievements and lessons learned, many of them common lessons. Larger missions have flown during this same time with overall mass ranging from hundreds to thousands of kilograms and mission costs many hundreds of thousands to over 1 billion US dollars. We compare the relative science value of these smallest and larger missions through the publications they produce in professional journals. Though CubeSat missions yield far fewer total publications compared to larger missions, the cost per publication is lower while still producing comparably high scientific impact.Key PointsMany National Science Foundation/National Aeronautics and Space Administration-funded CubeSat missions have contributed significantly to space weather research and applicationsLow-cost missions benefit from a rapid “fly learn-modify-refly” cycleCubeSat science productivity is comparably high to larger missions if normalized by cost or by weighted impact of refereed publicationsPeer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/173087/1/swe21336.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/173087/2/swe21336_am.pd