49 research outputs found
Some Educational Implications of the World Conservation Strategy
- Author
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 02/08/2017
- Field of study
From white elephant to Nobel Prize: Dennis Gabor’s wavefront reconstruction
- Author
- Allibone T.E.
- Allibone T.E.
- Allibone T.E.
- Allibone T.E.
- Baez
- Baez Albert V.
- Born Max
- Bragg Sir Lawrence
- Bragg Sir Lawrence
- Bragg Sir Lawrence
- Bragg Sir Lawrence
- Bragg W.L.
- Bragg W.L.
- El-Sum P. Kirkpatrick
- Electron Microscopy Conference
- Gabor
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Gabor Dennis
- Goss Dennis Gabor
- Haine M.E.
- Haine Michael E.
- Kirkpatrick Paul
- Kirkpatrick Paul
- Letter
- Lohmann Adolf W.
- Lohmann Adolf W.
- Rogers Gordon L.
- Rogers Gordon L.
- Rogers Gordon L.
- Rogers Gordon L.
- Rogers Gordon L.
- Rogers Gordon L.
- SEAN F. JOHNSTON
- SPIE The International Society for Optical Engineering
- Publication venue
- 'University of California Press'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2005
- Field of study
Dennis Gabor devised a new concept for optical imaging in 1947 that went by a variety of names over the following decade: holoscopy, wavefront reconstruction, interference microscopy, diffraction microscopy and Gaboroscopy. A well-connected and creative research engineer, Gabor worked actively to publicize and exploit his concept, but the scheme failed to capture the interest of many researchers. Gabor’s theory was repeatedly deemed unintuitive and baffling; the technique was appraised by his contemporaries to be of dubious practicality and, at best, constrained to a narrow branch of science. By the late 1950s, Gabor’s subject had been assessed by its handful of practitioners to be a white elephant. Nevertheless, the concept was later rehabilitated by the research of Emmett Leith and Juris Upatnieks at the University of Michigan, and Yury Denisyuk at the Vavilov Institute in Leningrad. What had been judged a failure was recast as a success: evaluations of Gabor’s work were transformed during the 1960s, when it was represented as the foundation on which to construct the new and distinctly different subject of holography, a re-evaluation that gained the Nobel Prize for Physics for Gabor alone in 1971. This paper focuses on the difficulties experienced in constructing a meaningful subject, a practical application and a viable technical community from Gabor’s ideas during the decade 1947-1957
A series of algebras generalizing the octonions and Hurwitz-Radon identity
- Author
- Publication venue
- HAL CCSD
- Publication date
- 01/01/2010
- Field of study
International audienceWe study non-associative twisted group algebras over (ℤ2)n with cubic twisting functions. We construct a series of algebras that extend the classical algebra of octonions in the same way as the Clifford algebras extend the algebra of quaternions. We study their properties, give several equivalent definitions and prove their uniqueness within some natural assumptions. We then prove a simplicity criterion. We present two applications of the constructed algebras and the developed technique. The first application is a simple explicit formula for the following famous square identity: (a21+⋯+a2N)(b21+⋯+b2ρ(N))=c21+⋯+c2N , where c k are bilinear functions of the a i and b j and where ρ(N) is the Hurwitz-Radon function. The second application is the relation to Moufang loops and, in particular, to the code loops. To illustrate this relation, we provide an explicit coordinate formula for the factor set of the Parker loop
Author Correction: The landscape of viral associations in human cancers
- Author
- Aaltonen LA
- Abascal F
- Abeshouse A
- Aburatani H
- Adams DJ
- Agrawal N
- Ahn KS
- Ahn SM
- Aikata H
- Akbani R
- Akdemir KC
- Al-Ahmadie H
- Al-Sedairy ST
- Al-Shahrour F
- Alawi M
- Alawi M
- Alawi M
- Albert M
- Aldape K
- Alexandrov LB
- Ally A
- Alsop K
- Alvarez EG
- Amary F
- Amin SB
- Aminou B
- Ammerpohl O
- Anderson MJ
- Ang Y
- Antonello D
- Anur P
- Aparicio S
- Appelbaum EL
- Arai Y
- Aretz A
- Arihiro K
- Ariizumi SI
- Armenia J
- Arnould L
- Asa S
- Assenov Y
- Atwal G
- Aukema S
- Auman JT
- Aure MRR
- Awadalla P
- Aymerich M
- Bader GD
- Baez-Ortega A
- Bailey MH
- Bailey PJ
- Balasundaram M
- Balu S
- Bandopadhayay P
- Banks RE
- Barbi S
- Barbour AP
- Barenboim J
- Barnholtz-Sloan J
- Barr H
- Barrera E
- Bartlett J
- Bartolome J
- Bassi C
- Bathe OF
- Baumhoer D
- Bavi P
- Baylin SB
- Bazant W
- Beardsmore D
- Beck TA
- Behjati S
- Borozan I
- Brewer DS
- Brewer DS
- Cooper CS
- Cooper CS
- Desai N
- Desai N
- Eils R
- Eils R
- Ferretti V
- Ferretti V
- Grundhoff A
- Grundhoff A
- Iskar M
- Kleinheinz K
- Lichter P
- Lichter P
- Moch H
- Nakagawa H
- Ojesina AI
- Pedamallu CS
- Schlesner M
- Su X
- Sültmann H
- Zapatka M
- Zapatka M
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/06/2023
- Field of study
Correction to: Nature Genetics https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-019-0558-9, published online 05 February 2020
Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes
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- The ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium View Correspondence (jump link)
- Thiessen
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- zf Ghossein
- Zhang
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- Zhang H. b
- Zhao
- Zheng
- Zhou
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- zi zj
- zm Jayaseelan
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- Ó. A. th
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- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 11/12/2019
- Field of study
Cancer is driven by genetic change, and the advent of massively parallel sequencing has enabled systematic documentation of this variation at the whole-genome scale(1-3). Here we report the integrative analysis of 2,658 whole-cancer genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We describe the generation of the PCAWG resource, facilitated by international data sharing using compute clouds. On average, cancer genomes contained 4-5 driver mutations when combining coding and non-coding genomic elements; however, in around 5% of cases no drivers were identified, suggesting that cancer driver discovery is not yet complete. Chromothripsis, in which many clustered structural variants arise in a single catastrophic event, is frequently an early event in tumour evolution; in acral melanoma, for example, these events precede most somatic point mutations and affect several cancer-associated genes simultaneously. Cancers with abnormal telomere maintenance often originate from tissues with low replicative activity and show several mechanisms of preventing telomere attrition to critical levels. Common and rare germline variants affect patterns of somatic mutation, including point mutations, structural variants and somatic retrotransposition. A collection of papers from the PCAWG Consortium describes non-coding mutations that drive cancer beyond those in the TERT promoter(4); identifies new signatures of mutational processes that cause base substitutions, small insertions and deletions and structural variation(5,6); analyses timings and patterns of tumour evolution(7); describes the diverse transcriptional consequences of somatic mutation on splicing, expression levels, fusion genes and promoter activity(8,9); and evaluates a range of more-specialized features of cancer genomes(8,10-18).Peer reviewe
Recommended from our members
Comprehensive analysis of chromothripsis in 2,658 human cancers using whole-genome sequencing
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- Abascal F.
- Abeshouse A.
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- Publication venue
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC
- Publication date
- 02/03/2020
- Field of study
Chromothripsis is a mutational phenomenon characterized by massive, clustered genomic rearrangements that occurs in cancer and other diseases. Recent studies in selected cancer types have suggested that chromothripsis may be more common than initially inferred from low-resolution copy-number data. Here, as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we analyze patterns of chromothripsis across 2,658 tumors from 38 cancer types using whole-genome sequencing data. We find that chromothripsis events are pervasive across cancers, with a frequency of more than 50% in several cancer types. Whereas canonical chromothripsis profiles display oscillations between two copy-number states, a considerable fraction of events involve multiple chromosomes and additional structural alterations. In addition to non-homologous end joining, we detect signatures of replication-associated processes and templated insertions. Chromothripsis contributes to oncogene amplification and to inactivation of genes such as mismatch-repair-related genes. These findings show that chromothripsis is a major process that drives genome evolution in human cancer
Retrospective evaluation of whole exome and genome mutation calls in 746 cancer samples
- Author
- A Gordon Robertson
- Abdullah Kahraman
- Abel Gonzalez-Perez
- Adam A Margolin
- Adam Abeshouse
- Adam Grundhoff
- Adam J Struck
- Adam J Struck
- Adam J Wright
- Adam Lambert
- Adam P Butler
- Adam P Butler
- Adel El-Naggar
- Adnan M Nagrial
- Adrian Ally
- Adrian Baez-Ortega
- Adrian Thorogood
- Adriana Salcedo
- Adrienne M Flanagan
- Ake Borg
- Akihiro Fujimoto
- Akihiro Suzuki
- Akinyemi I Ojesina
- Alain Viari
- Alan J Robertson
- Alan P Hoyle
- Alan Thompson
- Alasdair Stenhouse
- Alastair M Thompson
- Aldo Scarpa
- Alessandro Pastore
- Alex Buchanan
- Alex Buchanan
- Alexander Claviez
- Alexander J Lazar
- Alexander Martinez-Fundichely
- Alfonso Muñoz
- Alfonso Valencia
- Aliaksei Z Holik
- Alice Meng
- Alicia L Bruzos
- Allison Creason
- Allison P Heath
- Alvin Wei Tian Ng
- Alvis Brazma
- Amaro Taylor-Weiner
- Amber L Johns
- Amie Radenbaugh
- Amit G Deshwar
- Ana Dueso-Barroso
- Ana Mijalkovic Mijalkovic-Lazic
- Ana Milovanovic
- Ana Milovanovic
- Andre Kahles
- Andrea Haake
- Andrea Holbrook
- Andrea L Richardson
- Andrea Mafficini
- Andrea Ruzzenente
- Andreas Behren
- Andreas Rosenwald
- Andreia V Pinho
- Andrew Berchuck
- Andrew D Cherniack
- Andrew J Dunford
- Andrew J Mungall
- Andrew J Spillane
- Andrew Menzies
- Andrew Menzies
- Andrew P Barbour
- Andrew Tutt
- Andrew V Biankin
- Andrey Korshunov
- Andrés Lanzós
- Andy Cafferkey
- Andy G Lynch
- Angela Chou
- Angela N Brooks
- Angela Tam
- Angelica Ochoa
- Angelika N Christ
- Angelo P Dei Tos
- Anieta M Sieuwerts
- Anil K Sood
- Anita Langerød
- Anja Füllgrabe
- Anke K Bergmann
- Ann-Marie Patch
- Anna deFazio
- Anna Ehinger
- Anna Fitzgerald
- Anne Hamilton
- Anne Vincent-Salomon
- Anne Y Warren
- Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Annegien Broeks
- Anthony DiBiase
- Anthony J Gill
- Anthony Ng
- Anthony R Green
- Antonia L Pritchard
- Antonio Pea
- Antonios Koures
- Aparna Prasad
- Apurva M Hegde
- Aquila Fatima
- Arcadi Navarro
- Arie B Brinkman
- Arif O Harmanci
- Arindam Maitra
- Armando Lopez-Guillermo
- Arndt Borkhardt
- Arnoud Boot
- Asger Hobolth
- Ashley Williams
- Ashton A Connor
- Atul J Butte
- Aurélien Chateigner
- Austin J Hepperla
- Axel Aretz
- Aya Sasaki-Oku
- Ayellet V Segre
- B F Francis Ouellette
- Bailey Matthew H
- Barbara Hutter
- Barbara Hutter
- Barbara Kremeyer
- Bartha M Knoppers
- Beifang Niu
- Beifang Niu
- Beifang Niu
- Benedikt Brors
- Benita Kiat Tee Tan
- Benjamin J Raphael
- Benjamin P Berman
- Benjamin Raeder
- Bernardo Rodriguez-Martin
- Bernhard Radlwimmer
- Bernice H Wong
- Beth Karlan
- Bin Tean Teh
- Bin Zhu
- Birgit Burkhardt
- Bishoy M Faltas
- Bodil Bjerkehagen
- Bogdan Czerniak
- Boris Winterhoff
- Borislav C Rusev
- Bradly G Wouters
- Brandi N Davis-Dusenbery
- Brian Craft
- Brian D O'Connor
- Brian Patrick O'Neill
- Brice Aminou
- Calvin Wing Yiu Chan
- Cameron M Soulette
- Carl Herrmann
- Carl Morrison
- Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini
- Carlos Caldas
- Carlos D Bustamante
- Carlos López-Otín
- Carlota Rubio-Perez
- Carmen Gomez
- Carolien H M van Deurzen
- Carolyn M Hutter
- Carolyn M Hutter
- Carrie Cibulskis
- Caterina Vicentini
- Catherine A Shang
- Catherine D Moser
- Catherine J Kennedy
- Catrina C Fronick
- Chad J Creighton
- Chandra Sekhar Pedamallu
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- Stephenie D Prokopec
- Steve Hawkins
- Steve Hoffmann
- Steven A Roberts
- Steven E Schumacher
- Steven Foltz
- Steven G Rozen
- Steven Gallinger
- Steven Hazell
- Steven J M Jones
- Steven J Newhouse
- Steven Van Laere
- Stian Knappskog
- Stuart Edmonds
- Stuart R Jefferys
- Su Pin Choo
- Subhajit Sengupta
- Sue Merson
- Suet-Feung Chin
- Sultan T Al-Sedairy
- Sung-Min Ahn
- Sung-Soo Yoon
- Sunghoon Cho
- Sunil R Lakhani
- Suresh Ramalingam
- Susan Bullman
- Susanna L Cooke
- Sushant Kumar
- Sushant Kumar
- Suyash S Shringarpure
- Syed Haider
- Sylvia Asa
- Søren Brunak
- Takafumi N Yamaguchi
- Takafumi N Yamaguchi
- Takanori Hasegawa
- Takashi Yugawa
- Takashi Yugawa
- Takuji Okusaka
- Tal Shmaya
- Tannistha Nandi
- Taobo Hu
- Taobo Hu
- Tapio Visakorpi
- Tara J Skelly
- Tari A King
- Tatsuhiko Tsunoda
- Tatsuhiro Shibata
- Ted R Hupp
- Tetsuo Ushiku
- Theodorus Van der Kwast
- Thomas E Carey
- Thomas J Hudson
- Thomas J Matthew
- Thomas J Mitchell
- Thorsten Schlomm
- Thorsten Zenz
- Tian Xia
- Tim Dudderidge
- Tim Ley
- Timothy A Beck
- Timothy Defreitas
- Timothy J C Bruxner
- Timothy J Underwood
- Tina Wong
- Tirso Pons
- Tobias Madsen
- Tobias Rausch
- Todd A Johnson
- Todd D Pihl
- Tom Bodenheimer
- Tom Mikkelsen
- Tom Roques
- Tomas J Tanskanen
- Tomas Marques-Bonet
- Tomoko Urushidate
- Torill Sauer
- Toru Nakamura
- Treasa A McPherson
- Troy Shelton
- Tsun-Po Yang
- Ultan McDermott
- Umadevi Veluvolu
- Umut H Toprak
- Valerie Jakrot
- Varsha Tembe
- Vasilisa A Rudneva
- Venkata D Yellapantula
- Venkata D Yellapantula
- Vera B Kaiser
- Veronica Y Sabelnykova
- Victor Reuter
- Vikram Deshpande
- Viktoriya Korchina
- Ville Mustonen
- Vinayak Bhandari
- Vincent Ferretti
- Vincent Huang
- Vincent Huang
- Vincent J Gnanapragasam
- Vincent Khoo
- Vincenzo Corbo
- Vishal S Chandan
- Volker Hovestadt
- W Kimryn Rathmell
- W M Linehan
- Walker Hale
- Wan Choi
- Wanding Zhou
- Wang Liang-Bo
- Weerasinghe Amila
- Wei Jiao
- Wendl Michael C
- Wenyi Wang
- Wenyi Wang
- Wenyi Wang
- Wheeler David A
- William B Isaacs
- William C Faquin
- William Friedman
- William Howat
- William U Meyerson
- Willie Yu
- Winghing Wong
- Wojciech Bazant
- Wolfgang Huber
- Wolfram Klapper
- Xavier Estivill
- Xavier Pivot
- Xiao Xiao
- Xiaobo Li
- Xiaoping Su
- Xiaotong Li
- Xiaotong Yao
- Xing Hua
- Xingmin Liu
- Xinyue Li
- Xiuqing Zhang
- Xiuqing Zheng
- Xose S Puente
- Xuan Le
- Xuanping Zhang
- Xuemei Luo
- Xueqing Zou
- Yan Shi
- Yan Zhang
- Yang Wu
- Yang Yang
- Yann Joly
- Yanxun Xu
- Yao He
- Yasin Senbabaoglu
- Yassen Assenov
- Yasser Riazalhosseini
- Yasuhito Arai
- Yasushi Rino
- Yasushi Totoki
- Yeng Ang
- Yi Huang
- Yi Huang
- Yifei Men
- Yiling Lu
- Yilong Li
- Yingyan Yu
- Yiwen Chen
- Yogesh Kumar
- Yogesh Kumar
- Yoke-Eng Chiew
- Yong Hou
- Yong Zhou
- Yong-Jie Lu
- Yongzhan Nie
- Yosef E Maruvka
- Yosef E Maruvka
- Yoshiiku Kawakami
- Young Seok Ju
- Youngchoon Woo
- Youngil Koh
- Youngwook Kim
- Youyong Lu
- Yu Fan
- Yu Fan
- Yu Fan
- Yu-Jia Shiah
- Yuan Ji
- Yuan Yuan
- Yuichi Shiraishi
- Yulia Newton
- Yulia Rubanova
- Yumeng Wang
- Yupeng Cun
- Yussanne Ma
- Zachary Heins
- Zechen Chong
- Zechen Chong
- Zemin Zhang
- Zhaohong Chen
- Zhenggang Wu
- Zhenggang Wu
- Zhining Wang
- Zhongming Zhao
- Ziao Lin
- Zsofia Kote-Jarai
- Ólafur Andri Stefánsson
- Øystein Garred
- Publication venue
- Nature Communications
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
Funder: NCI U24CA211006Abstract: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) curated consensus somatic mutation calls using whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), respectively. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancers across 38 tumour types, we compare WES and WGS side-by-side from 746 TCGA samples, finding that ~80% of mutations overlap in covered exonic regions. We estimate that low variant allele fraction (VAF < 15%) and clonal heterogeneity contribute up to 68% of private WGS mutations and 71% of private WES mutations. We observe that ~30% of private WGS mutations trace to mutations identified by a single variant caller in WES consensus efforts. WGS captures both ~50% more variation in exonic regions and un-observed mutations in loci with variable GC-content. Together, our analysis highlights technological divergences between two reproducible somatic variant detection efforts
The new college physics: a spiral approach
- Author
- Publication venue
- Freeman
- Publication date
- 01/01/1967
- Field of study
Some Educational Implications of the World Conservation Strategy
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Cambridge University Press (CUP)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/1983
- Field of study
The Early Days of X-Ray Optics—A Personal Memoir
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'IOS Press'
- Publication date
- 01/01/1989
- Field of study