66 research outputs found
Turning the Tables on RDS: Racially Revealing Questions Asked by White Judges
In the 1997 RDS case, the Supreme Court of Canada deliberated on the concept of judicial race bias. The decision subjected the oral ruling of a lower court trial judge in a busy Youth Court to close scrutiny. The majority of the nine-person, all-white bench reprimanded Canadaâs first Black female judge, whose words about police officers who âoverreactâ in dealing with racialized youth they found âtroublingâ and âworrisome.â This article places the same close scrutiny on the words of the white judges who were most critical of the trial judge. It examines their informal interjections and comments at the Supreme Court oral hearing. Making use of the appellate transcript and video-recording of the oral argument, it concludes that the informal comments of the top court judges exemplified many of the patterns that anti-racist educators describe as indicative of a lack of understanding of racism.
Dans lâaffaire RDS de 1997, la Cour supreÌme du Canada a deÌlibeÌreÌ sur le concept de partialiteÌ raciale judiciaire. La deÌcision a soumis aÌ un examen minutieux la deÌcision prononceÌe oralement par une juge de premieÌre instance dans un tribunal pour adolescents treÌs freÌquenteÌ. La majoriteÌ des neuf juges, tous de race blanche, ont reÌprimandeÌ la premieÌre juge de race noire au Canada, dont les propos sur les agents de police qui « reÌagissent de façon excessive » lorsquâils traitent avec des jeunes racialiseÌs ont eÌteÌ jugeÌs « inquieÌtants ». Le preÌsent article examine avec la meÌme attention les propos des juges blancs qui ont le plus critiqueÌ la juge de premieÌre instance. Il examine leurs interjections et commentaires informels lors de lâaudience de la Cour supreÌme. Sâappuyant sur la transcription de lâappel et lâenregistrement videÌo de la plaidoirie, il conclut que les commentaires informels des juges de la Cour supreÌme illustrent bon nombre des modeÌles que les eÌducateurs antiracistes deÌcrivent comme reÌveÌlateurs dâun manque de compreÌhension du racisme
"I Was Unable to Identify with Topsy" Carrie M. Best's Struggle Against Racial Segregation in Nova Scotia, 1942
This paper reports on an eventful court case that has been
buried in Canadian legal archives for fifty-six years. In 1942, Carrie Best
brought an action against a Nova Scotia theatre, charging the owners with racist
discrimination. Dr. Best, an African-Canadian who was a former teacher,
journalist, and founder of The Clarion (a newspaper which she began publishing
in 1945) has been a tireless advocate for human rights and has fought against
racial discrimination and segregation in Nova Scotia. At the age of 95, she
lives in her home community of New Glasgow, Nova Scotia. We dedicate this
article to Dr. Best and her pioneering struggle against racial
segregation.Cet article rapporte une cause celebre,qui etait enfouie
dans les archives judiciaires canadiennes durant les cinquante-six dernieres
annees. En 1942. Carrie Best intenta une actioncontre le Nova Scotia Theatre,
accusant les proprietaires de discrimination raciale. Dr. Best, une Canadienne
d'origine africaine, enseignante, journaliste et fondatrice du journal The
Clarion (journal qu'elle commenca a publier en 1945), fut une championne des
droits de la personne et lutta contre la discrimination et la segregation
raciale en Nouvelle- Ecosse. Age de 95 ans, elle vit chez elle a New-Glasgow, en
Nouvelle-Ecosse. Nous dedions cet article au Dr. Best et a sa lutte pionniere
contre la segregation raciale
Nineteenth-Century Canadian Prostitution Law: Reflection of a Discriminatory Society
The History of nineteenth-century Canadian Law reveals that legislators and social reformers took three distinct approaches to the problem of prostitution. They attempted to regulate the trade in sexuality through a Canadian Contagious Diseases Act which sought to control venereal disease in prostitutes. They attempted to prohibit the commercial sale of sex through systematic criminal enactments meant to abolish all features of prostitution, from the selling and buying of sexual services to the procuring, pimping and profiteering from the business. They attempted to rehabilitate prostitutes and would-be prostitutes by establishing asylums, women's prisons and juvenile detention institutions. None of these approaches was ultimately successful and each worked substantial injustice upon individual prostitutes. Discrimination on the basis of class, race, ethnic origin and sex featured predominantly in the formulation and application of each approach, and served as a hallmark of the Canadian legal response to prostitution.
Lâhistoire de la lĂ©gislation canadienne au XIXe siĂšcle rĂ©vĂšle que les lĂ©gislateurs et les rĂ©formateurs sociaux adoptĂšrent trois approches distinctes face au problĂšme de la prostitution. Ils sâefforcĂšrent de rĂ©glementer le commerce de la sexualitĂ© au moyen de lâActe canadien des maladies contagieuses, afin de contrĂŽler les maladies vĂ©nĂ©riennes des prostituĂ©es. Ils tentĂšrent aussi dâinterdire la commercialisation du sexe par des mesures systĂ©matiques concernant le crime, en vue dâabolir toutes les manifestations de la prostitution, de la vente et achat de services sexuels, ou proxĂ©nĂštisme et aux profits tirĂ©s de ce travail. Et ils tentĂšrent Ă©galement de rĂ©habiliter les prostituĂ©es et celles qui voulaient se prostituer en crĂ©ant des asiles, des prisons pour femmes et des institutions de dĂ©tention juvĂ©nile. Aucune de ces approches nâeut, en fin de compte, de succĂšs. Chacune dâelles engendra par contre de rĂ©elles injustices envers les prostituĂ©es. Les discriminations de classe, de race, dâorigine ethnique et de sexe furent Ă©videntes dans la formulation et lâapplication de chacune des approches, et servirent pour ainsi dire de « marque de fabrique » de la rĂ©ponse juridique du Canada en matiĂšre de prostitution
Justice Bertha Wilson and the Politics of Feminism
Justice Bertha Wilson did not self-identify as a feminist, and yet there is much in her judicial decisions, writing, speeches and life to indicate great solidarity with feminist principles. This paper explores Justice Wilsonâs uneasy relationship with the feminist movement and considers the influence of different generational cohorts on the shaping of feminist identities among Canadian lawyers and judges
Racial Segregation in Canadian Legal History: Viola Desmond\u27s Challenge, Nova Scotia, 1946
Viola Desmond\u27s courageous efforts to eliminate racial segregation are not as well known to Canadians in general. However, the legal response to Viola Desmond\u27 s challenge provides one of the best examples of the historical role of law in sustaining racism in Canada
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