Kritische Betrachtung der Theorie der Selbsterschaffung und ihrer Anwendung auf lebende, gesellschaftliche, Organisations- und Informationssysteme

Autopoietic theory, a theory of complex, non-linear, autonomous and especially living systems, found its way from biology, through the social sciences to organization theory and information systems. It enjoys major attention from scientific audiences in lots of different disciplines. Still, there hasn\u27t been enough effort to establish a common foundation for a new theory. There are often contradictions in the very essence of the theory which are outlined in this article. By using a more simplistic conceptualization of autopoiesis, we are trying to give guidelines for a new foundation in this area.Teorija autopoiesisa ili samostvaranja, teorija o složenim, nelinearnim, autonomnim i prije svega živim sustavima, našla je svoj put iz biologije preko društvenih znanosti k organizacijskoj teoriji i informacijskim sustavima. Ovo je područje od velikog interesa za znanstvenu javnost te se obrađuje i iskorištava u relativno velikom broju disciplina. Ipak, čini se da još nisu učinjeni dovoljni napori kako bi se uspostavili temelji za novu teoriju. Često se može naići na kontradikcije u samim njezinim temeljima, kao što se pokušava pokazati u ovom članku. Koristeći se jednostavnijom konceptualizacijom autopoietične teorije, pokušavamo dati smjernice prema uspostavljanju novoga temelja.Die Theorie der Autopoiesis ist die Theorie der Selbsterschaffung von komplexen, nicht-linearen, autonomen und vor allem lebenden Systemen, die aus der Biologie stammt und über die Gesellschaftswissenschaften Eingang in die Organisationstheorie und Informationssysteme gefunden hat. Dieser Bereich ist von großem Interesse für die wissenschaftliche Öffentlichkeit und wird daher für eine relativ große Anzahl anderer Disziplinen fruchtbar gemacht. Dennoch fehlt es offensichtlich immer noch an den notwendigen Anstrengungen, um die Grundlagen dieser neuen Theorie zu festigen. Wie die Verfasser des Artikels zeigen, ist die Grundlagendiskussion häufig widersprüchlich. Ausgehend von einer einfacheren Konzeptualisierung der autopoietischen Theorie versuchen sie daher Richtlinien für eine neue Grundlegung vorzugeben

Enumerating super edge-magic labelings for the union of non-isomorphic graphs

A super edge-magic labeling of a graph G=(V,E) of order p and size q is a bijection f:V ∪E→{i}p+qi=1 such that: (1) f(u)+f(uv)+f(v)=k for all uv∈E; and (2) f(V )={i}pi=1. Furthermore, when G is a linear forest, the super edge-magic labeling of G is called strong if it has the extra property that if uv∈E(G) , u′,v′ ∈V (G) and dG (u,u′ )=dG (v,v′ )<+∞, then f(u)+f(v)=f(u′ )+f(v′ ). In this paper we introduce the concept of strong super edge-magic labeling of a graph G with respect to a linear forest F, and we study the super edge-magicness of an odd union of nonnecessarily isomorphic acyclic graphs. Furthermore, we find exponential lower bounds for the number of super edge-magic labelings of these unions. The case when G is not acyclic will be also considered.Preprin

A Multimodal Biometric System Based on an Active Database Paradigm

Today, on many occasions and in many different places, one must be authorised in order to use certain services or applications or to access protected data. A user (person) can be authorised in three different ways or combinations of ways: it is either information that the user knows, something that the user possesses or a measurement of some physical or psychological characteristics unique to that user, i.e. biometric characteristics. In this paper we emphasize this third possibility. When talking about biometrics we can distinguish two basic types of systems: unimodal and multimodal. The main difference is that the unimodal biometric system is based solely on a single biometric feature, while multimodal biometric systems combine several features. We intend to show how active databases could be used in order to implement a multimodal (unimodal) biometric system and reduce the time needed for authorisation (identification or verification). Specifically, the concept of reactivity upon which active databases rely could be the core of a multimodal biometric system, as will be shown in the paper. We will especially consider the use of complex events used in active databases for authorisation purposes. Key words: ADBMS, active database, complex events, biometrics, biometric systemDandanes se velikokrat dogodi, da ljudje, ki hočejo koristiti določene storitve ali aplikacije ali želijo dobiti pristop do zaščitenih podatkov itd., potrebujejo avtorizacijo. Uporabnik se lahko avtorizira na tri različne načine oziroma s kombinacijo teh treh načinov: s pomočjo nečesa, kar uporabnik pozna, s pomočjo nečesa, kar uporabnik poseduje, ali s pomočjo merjenja določenih fizičnih ali psihičnih značilnosti, ki so lastne in enkratne vsaki osebi, tj. tako imenovanih biometričnih značilnosti. V tem prispevku bo poudarek na tem zadnjem, tretjem načinu. Ko govorimo o biometriki, lahko razlikujemo med dvema osnovnima tipoma biometričnih sistemov - enomodalnim in večmodalnim biometričnim sistemom. Glavna razlika med njima je v tem, da enomodalni biometrični sistem temelji le na eni biometrični značilnosti, medtem ko večmodalni biometrični sistem za avtoriziranje posameznika kombinira več biometričnih značilnosti. V tem prispevku bomo pokazali, kako se lahko pri vgradnji večmodalnega (enomodalnega) biometričnega sistema uporabijo aktivne baze podatkov, s čimer se skrajša čas, ki je potreben za avtorizacijo (identifikacijo ali verifikacijo). Med drugim bomo pokazali, da je koncept reaktivnosti, na katerem temeljijo aktivne baze podatkov, lahko jedro večmodalnih biometričnih sistemov. Posebno pozornost bomo posvetili kompleksnim dogodkom za avtorizacijske namene, ki se v glavnem uporabljajo v aktivnih bazah podatkov. Ključne besede: ADBMS, aktivna baza podatkov, kompleksni dogodki, biometrika, biometrični siste

Active databases, business rules and reactive agents - what is the connection?

These three technologies were and still are mainly treated separately. Since not much work has been carried out in defining and combining them together, we are going to present what has been done and put accent on what could be done. Namely, they rely upon similar paradigms and concepts, as will be shown later on, and can be treated as complementary technologies. In this paper we will show that reactive agents react according to some set of business rules and active databases can be used as a suitable means for implementing business rules and in those way reactive agents as well. Since reactive agents have been well defined, recent improvements in the fields of active databases technology and especially business rules provide the reason to consider the benefits to be achieved from combining these fields