Los 'fueguinos', Robert Lehmann-Nitsche y el estudio de los onas en la Exposición Nacional de Buenos Aires (1898)

Entre los primeros trabajos del antropólogo alemán Robert Lehmann-Nitsche como jefe del Departamento de Antropología del Museo de La Plata, Argentina, se cuentan las investigaciones sobre los habitantes de Tierra del Fuego, considerados como un 'relicto' evolutivo de la humanidad. Se repasa la importancia de las ferias y exposiciones como espacios de popularización científica y de 'trabajo de campo' para los estudiosos de fines del siglo XIX y principios del XX. Se examina la presentación de los 'fueguinos' en los espacios de las ferias y exposiciones europeas, los debates, los estudios realizados en Europa y el trabajo de Robert Lehmann-Nitsche en la Exposición Nacional de la Industria Argentina (Buenos Aires, 1898).Among the first projects of German anthropologist Robert Lehmann-Nitsche as head of the Museum de La Plata's Department of Anthropology in Argentina was his research on the inhabitants of Tierra del Fuego, deemed evolutionary 'relics' of humanity. The article explores the role of shows and exhibits as spaces where science was popularized and where late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century scholars could do field work. The focus is on the presentation of 'fueguinos' at European shows and exhibits, debates, and studies, especially the work of Robert Lehmann-Nitsche at the National Exhibit of Argentinean Industry, held in Buenos Aires, 1898

Violence, Selection and Infant Mortality in Congo

This paper documents the effects of the recent civil war in the Democratic Republic of Congo on mortality both in utero and during the first year of life. It instruments for conflict intensity using a mineral price index, which exploits the exogenous variation in the potential value of mineral resources generated by changes in world mineral prices to predict the geographic distribution of the conflict. Using estimates of civil war exposure on mortality across male and female newborn to assess their relative health, it provides evidence of culling effect (in utero selection) as a consequence of in utero shocks

Laminin-332 coordinates mechanotransduction and growth cone bifurcation in sensory neurons

Laminin-332 is a major component of the dermo-epidermal skin basement membrane and maintains skin integrity. The transduction of mechanical force into electrical signals by sensory endings in the skin requires mechanosensitive channels. We found that mouse epidermal keratinocytes produce a matrix that is inhibitory for sensory mechanotransduction and that the active molecular component is laminin-332. Substrate-bound laminin-332 specifically suppressed one type of mechanosensitive current (rapidly adapting) independently of integrin-receptor activation. This mechanotransduction suppression could be exerted locally and was mediated by preventing the formation of protein tethers necessary for current activation. We also found that laminin-332 could locally control sensory axon branching behavior. Loss of laminin-332 in humans led to increased sensory terminal branching and may lead to a de-repression of mechanosensitive currents. These previously unknown functions for this matrix molecule may explain some of the extreme pain experienced by individuals with epidermolysis bullosa who are deficient in laminin-332