Efeitos de um programa de educação infantil em famílias de catadores de papel de Belo Horizonte Efectos de un programa de educación infantil en familias de cartoneros de Belo Horizonte Effect of one program of infantile education in families of catadores of paper of Belo Horizonte

Este artigo apresenta os percursos teórico-metodológicos e os resultados de um estudo sobre a avaliação de impacto do Programa Primeira Escola da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Belo Horizonte sobre as famílias das crianças que se encontravam matriculadas na Unidade Municipal de Educação Infantil - UMEI - Carlos Prates - Danielle Mitterrand, no ano de 2004. A pesquisa buscou dados sobre a situação das crianças e suas famílias no ano de 2004, quando a UMEI foi inaugurada, e em 2008, quando foi realizado o trabalho de campo. Os dados empíricos possibilitaram avaliar o impacto da UMEI na renda e no orçamento familiar, nos hábitos de higiene, na saúde e no desenvolvimento cognitivo das crianças.<br>Este artículo presenta la trayectoria teórico-metodológica y los resultados del estudio respecto a la evaluación del impacto del Programa Primera Escuela de la Red Municipal de Enseñanza de Belo Horizonte hacia las familias de los niños que estabam matriculados en la Unidad Municipal de Educación Infantil - UMEI - Carlos prates - Danielle Miterrand, en el año 2004. La investigación buscó datos sobre la situación de los niños y sus famílias en el año 2004, cuando se puso en funcionamiento la UMEI y, también, 2008, cuando fue realizada la investigación de campo. Los datos empíricos posibilitaron que se evaluara el impacto de la UMEI en la renta y en el presupuesto familiar, en los hábitos de higiene, en la salud y en el desarrollo cognitivo de los niños.<br>This paper presents the theoretical-methodological paths and results of the study on assessment of the impact of the First School Program of Belo Horizonte's Municipal Education Network over the families of children that were enrolled in the Unidade Municipal de Educação Infantil [Municipal Unit of Early Childhood Education] - UMEI - Carlos Prates - Danielle Mitterrand in 2004. The survey collected data on the situation of children and their families in 2004, when UMEI was inaugurated, and in 2008, when the fieldwork was carried out. The empirical data made it possible to assess the impact of UMEI in the children's family income and budget, hygiene habits, health, and cognitive development

Employee Representatives in France: Employers’ Perceptions and Expectations Towards Improved Industrial Relations

International audienc

Left parties and trade unions in France

Historically, the supposed independence of unions from parties in France has been a myth, with the development of close relations between the CGT and the PCF, on the one hand, and looser ones between the CFDT in particular and the PS, on the other. These links weakened from the 1980s on, but appeared to be re-established, with some changes, when unions backed François Hollande in the 2012 presidential elections. The decline of the PCF and the rallying of unions behind Hollande appeared to signal the possibility of a social democratic bloc in France. However, in reality, this is a temporary and unstable phenomenon as few mutual benefits can be assured by either unions or the Socialist Party through the creation of more stable union–party links. The explanations for this are structural, ideational and contingent