TIC Organizações Sem Fins Lucrativos 2014: pesquisa sobre o uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação em organizações sem fins lucrativos brasileiras

O Centro Regional de Estudos para o Desenvolvimento da Sociedade da Informação (Cetic) apresenta, nesta segunda edição da pesquisa TIC Organizações Sem Fins Lucrativos, resultados que contribuem para mapear a infraestrutura, o uso, as capacidades e as habilidades acumuladas sobre as TIC. O objetivo é gerar dados que ajudem a compreender a penetração dessas tecnologias, as melhorias para a gestão das instituições e os benefícios para as comunidades em que estas entidades atuam

Using a Digital Divide Index among Enterprises in the Context of Public Policies in Brazil

The aim of the present paper is to discuss the relevance of an index capable of measuring the digital divide among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and discuss its importance in the context of public policies. The contention is that the digital divide mainly affects SMEs, and that this phenomenon is related to the low productivity and high mortality rates of these organizations. The methodology for creating the index is replicated here in order to discuss the quality criteria necessary for the index, within the scope of its utility for public managers

Using soft computing tools for piezometric level prediction

The safety assessment of dams is a complex task that is made possible thanks to a constant monitoring of pertinent parameters. Once collected, the data is processed by statistical analysis models in order to describe the behaviour of the structure. The aim of those models is to detect early signs of abnormal behaviour so as to take corrective actions when required. Because of the uniqueness of each structure, the behavioural models need to adapt to each of these structures, thus flexibility is required. Simultaneously, generalisation capacities are sought, so a trade-off has to be found. This flexibility is even more important when the analysed phenomenon is characterised by non-linear features, as it is the case for the piezometric levels (PL) monitored at the rockconcrete interface of the arch dam that this study focuses on. In that case, the linear models that are classically used by engineers show insufficient performances. Consequently, interest naturally grows for the advanced learning algorithms known as machine learning techniques. In this work, the aim is to compare the predictive performances and generalization capacities of three different Data Mining algorithms that are likely to be used for monitoring purposes: Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Multiple Regression (MR). The achieved results show that SVM and ANN stand out as the most efficient algorithms, when it comes to analysing non-linear monitored phenomenon. Through a global sensitivity analysis, the influence of the models’ attributes was measured, evidencing a high impact of Z (relative trough) in PL prediction.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Educação tutorial: contributos as práticas curriculares

A educação tutorial caracteriza-se como uma metodologia de ensina com sérios compromissos, epistemológicos, pedagógicos, éticos e sociais. A tutoria configura-se no acompanhamento e orientação, sistemático de grupos de alunos, por pessoa experiente nas áreas de formação dos acadêmicos. Nesse sentindo, pretendese relatar a experiência da disciplina do programa tutorial I do curso de enfermagem do Instituto Federal de Educação Ciências, e Tecnologia de Pernambuco. Trata-se de um relato de experiência da vivência do docente. A disciplina do Tutorial I acontece semestralmente com carga horária de 36 h, com um encontro semanal. Cada grupo tutorial é formado por no máximo dez discentes e tem o suporte de um docente. Essa disciplina tem por ementa o processo grupal envolvendo docentes e discentes na discussão das dificuldades de vinculação e adaptação do (a) estudante à universidade e de construção de uma identidade profissional individual e coletiva. A disciplina possibilita construção da identidade de grupo, permitir apoio para uma boa adaptação dos estudantes aos estudos universitários, momento esse de muitas mudanças para a vida acadêmica do graduando. Cada grupo tutorial tem liberdade para identificar qual grupo/temática lhe desperta o interesse. Todos os membros precisam esta comprometida para o diálogo do grupo. A prática do tutorial fortalece a capacidade de trabalho em grupo, a compreensão de características e dinâmica individuais. A educação Tutorial consiste em um espaço de construção de conhecimento, que extrapolam o aprendizado individual e produz modo próprio e coletivo de pensar.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Combined effects of ultrasound and immobilization protocol on butyl acetate synthesis catalyzed by CALB

It is well established that the performance of lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) as catalyst for esterification reactions may be improved by the use of ultrasound technology or by its immobilization on styrene-divinylbenzene beads (MCI-CALB). The present research evaluated the synthesis of butyl acetate using MCI-CALB under ultrasonic energy, comparing the results against those obtained using the commercial preparation, Novozym 435. The optimal conditions were determined using response surface methodology (RSM) evaluating the following parameters: reaction temperature, substrate molar ratio, amount of biocatalyst, and added water. The optimal conditions for butyl acetate synthesis catalyzed by MCI-CALB were: Temperature, 48.8 °C; substrate molar ratio, 3.46:1 alcohol: Acid; amount of biocatalyst, 7.5%; and added water 0.28%, both as substrate mass. Under these conditions, 90% of conversion was reached in 1.5 h. In terms of operational stability, MCI-CALB was reused in seven cycles while keeping 70% of its initial activity under ultrasonic energy. The support pore size and resistance are key points for the enzyme activity and stability under mechanical stirring. The use of ultrasound improved both activity and stability because of better homogeneity and reduced mechanical stress to the immobilized system.This work was supported by grants from CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), and CTQ2013-41507-R from Spanish MINECO. We would like to thank Novozymes Spain for its comprehensive support of this research, in special Ramiro Martínez (Novozymes, Spain) for kindly supplying the enzymes used in the work. We also thank CNPq (Brazil) for a fellowship to A.M. Silva and FAPERGS (Brazil) for a fellowship to J.S. Alves. A Ph D. fellowship from Spanish Goberment to Miss Garcia-Galan is also acknowledged The help and suggestions from Ángel Berenguer-Murcia (Instituto de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante) are gratefully recognized. We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI)Peer Reviewe

A Neutral Polyampholyte in an ionic solution

The behavior of a neutral polyampholyte ($PA$) chain with $N$ monomers, in an ionic solution, is analyzed in the framework of the full Debye-H$\ddot u$ckel-Bjerrum-Flory $(DHBjF)$ theory. A $PA$ chain, that in addition to the neutral monomers, also contains an equal number of positively and negatively charged monomers, is dissolved in an ionic solution. For \underline{high} concentrations of salt and at high temperatures, the $PA$ exists in an extended state. As the temperature is decreased, the electrostatic energy becomes more relevant and at a $T=T_{\theta}$ the system collapses into a dilute globular state, or microelectrolyte. This state contains a concentration of salt higher than the surrounding medium. As the temperature is decreased even further, association between the monomers of the polymer and the ions of the salt becomes relevant and there is a crossover from this globular state to a low temperature extended state. For \underline{low} densities of salt, the system is collapsed for almost all temperatures and exhibits a first-order phase transition to an extended state at an unphysical low temperature.Comment: 10 pages, Revtex with epsf, 9 Postscript figures. Submitted to PR

Sine-Gordon mean field theory of a Coulomb Gas

Sine-Gordon field theory is used to investigate the phase diagram of a neutral Coulomb gas. A variational mean field free energy is constructed and the corresponding phase diagrams in two (2d) and three dimensions (3d) are obtained. When analyzed in terms of chemical potential, the Sine-Gordon theory predicts the phase diagram topologically identical with the Monte Carlo simulations and a recently developed Debye-H\"uckel-Bjerrum (DHBj) theory. In 2d we find that the infinite order Kosterlitz-Thouless line terminates in a tricritical point, after which the metal-insulator transition becomes first order. However, when the transformation from chemical potential to the density is made the whole of the insulating phase is mapped onto zero density.Comment: 5 pages, Revtex with twocolumn style, 2 Postscript figures. Submitted to PR

Extragalactic Foregrounds of the Cosmic Microwave Background: Prospects for the MAP Mission

(Abridged) While the major contribution to the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies are the sought-after primordial fluctuations produced at the surface of last scattering, other effects produce secondary fluctuations at lower redshifts. Here, we study the extragalactic foregrounds of the CMB in the context of the upcoming MAP mission. We first survey the major extragalactic foregrounds and show that discrete sources, the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect, and gravitational lensing are the most dominant ones for MAP. We then show that MAP will detect (>5 sigma) about 46 discrete sources and 10 SZ clusters directly with 94 GHz fluxes above 2 Jy. The mean SZ fluxes of fainter clusters can be probed by cross-correlating MAP with cluster positions extracted from existing catalogs. For instance, a MAP-XBACs cross-correlation will be sensitive to clusters with S(94GHz)>200mJy, and will thus provide a test of their virialization state and a measurement of their gas fraction. Finally, we consider probing the hot gas on supercluster scales by cross-correlating the CMB with galaxy catalogs. Assuming that galaxies trace the gas, we show that a cross-correlation between MAP and the APM catalog should yield a marginal detection, or at least a four-fold improvement on the COBE upper limits for the rms Compton y-parameter.Comment: 27 LaTeX pages, including 5 ps figures and 2 tables. To appear in ApJ. Minor revisions to match accepted version. Color figures and further links available at http://www.astro.princeton.edu/~refreg

Processo de priorização de pragas quarentenárias ausentes: hierarquia, critérios e lista final.

Foi solicitado aos especialistas que indicassem critérios que pudessem ser relevantes para determinação da importância e prioridade de uma PQA. Avaliaram-se os critérios em busca de similitudes, sombreamentos e duplicatas.Na publicação: Francisco Ferraz Laranjeira