The measurand in ISO GPS verification

A clear definition of the measurand is an essential precondition for measuring. When verifying conformity to ISO GPS tolerances (verification), the measurand is often unclear, particularly for geometrical tolerances. The tolerance zone is a portion of space whereas the measurand is a scalar quantity, and many such quantities may be derived from the same portion of space. We propose a unified derivation of the measurand in ISO GPS verification matching the designer’s intent. Different types of tolerances are considered, from the easiest to the least obvious as to the derivation of the measurand

Run-time Energy and Time Management for Intermittent LoRaWAN Communications

Intermittent computing, utilising non-volatile memory (NVM) to maintain system state during power outages, addresses the unpredictability of energy harvesting (EH) in Internet of Things (IoT) systems. However, challenges persist, notably in ensuring energy-aware task-based operations and accurate timekeeping during system shutdowns, which impede real-time data collection. To address this, the paper presents an energy and time management unit (ETMU) for intermittent systems, which facilitates task-based operations and timekeeping capabilities using multi-harvest energy sources. This ETMU adjusts energy storage and operating voltage at run-time, meeting the energy needs of specific tasks and startup times while preserving crucial system information during power outages. Furthermore, this ETMU incorporates an ultra-low power real-time clock (RTC), ensuring independent and accurate timekeeping during system power outages.The proposed ETMU is integrated into an intermittent system designed for ultrasonic water flow measurements to demonstrate its functionality. This system incorporates three energy harvesters and utilizes the LoRaWAN communication protocol for data transmission and time synchronization. Experimental results demonstrate the efficient management of intermittent LoRaWAN communications and precise timekeeping for data collection

A solar photothermocatalytic approach for the CO2 conversion: Investigation of different synergisms on CoO-CuO/brookite TiO2-CeO2 catalysts

The photoactive features of the least common polymorph of TiO2, i.e. brookite, were combined with the thermocatalytic redox ones of cerium oxide, focusing on the effects of the addition of small amounts of Co-Cu oxides for the solar CO2 conversion. By considering the characterization data, a surface segregation of the hosted metal oxides on the TiO2-CeO2 composite was evidenced, and their presence increased the amount of oxygen vacancies and improved the charge carriers separation. The bimetallic oxides-based sample was the most performing one in the photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction at room temperature. The formation of carbon monoxide and methane was 5 and 0.5 μmol g−1h−1, respectively, i.e. about 10 times higher than that found with bare brookite. A further enhancement was obtained with the same CoO-CuO/TiO2-CeO2 catalyst applying the photothermal approach. The CO2-TPD and the FTIR measurements highlighted the high interaction between CO2 and the surface sites

Ecotoxicological assessment of irrigation water for vegetables in a watershed region of Greater São Paulo

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the quality of irrigation water for vegetables in a Greater São Paulo watershed region. Acute and chronic ecotoxicity bioassays with Dugesia tigrina and Selenastrum capricornutum and geno/mutagenicity assays with Allium cepa were performed, as well as microbiological assays for total and thermotolerant coliforms, according to the legislation. The ecotoxicological data did not show significant toxicity in any of the samples. However, surface water genotoxic effect was detected in 2 out of the 3 points and mutagenic effect in all three sampled points, as well as in the sediment, in the Allium cepa test. Such high prevalence of total and thermotolerant coliforms in all samples at the three points indicates a compromised environmental integrity of the basin due to high loads of organic pollution, probably of clandestine origin. No emissions of industrial origin were detected in the region. Thus, taken together, the results suggest that agricultural activity itself may account for the impacts in these water bodies. The present study represents a contribution to the scarce data available in the literature about this important Greater São Paulo region

Controle biológico e químico de Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) na cultura do tomateiro em ambiente protegido no Distrito Federal, Brasil.

o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a eficiência da utilização conjunta de Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) e agrotóxicos seletivos para o controle de T. absoluta

An integrated structural and magnetic fabric study to constrain the progressive extensional tectonics of the Rio do Peixe Basin, Brazil

We constrained the tectonic evolution of the intracratonic Cretaceous Rio do Peixe Basin (RPB) in NE Brazil, combining structural and Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) data. We analyzed the structural features of four sites along two major faults bordering the basin, the NE-striking Portalegre Fault and the E-W-striking Malta Fault. AMS data from 42 sites in the syn-rift sandstone suggest two stretching directions driving the opening of the RPB. The early syn-rift phase I resulted from N-S to NNE-SSW stretching direction with vertical sigma 1, producing normal fault displacement along the E-W-striking Malta Fault and right-lateral transtension along the NE-striking Portalegre Fault, Sitio Sagui and Lagoa do Forno faults. The syn-rift phase II resulted from NW-SE stretching direction with vertical sigma 1, causing normal displacement on NE-striking major faults and left-lateral transtension on E-W-striking major faults. Additionally, the NW-SE extension was responsible for forming NE-striking extensional faults and deformation bands in sedimentary units. The RPB developed due to the intraplate deformation of the Borborema Province during the early stage of the Pangea Breakup and recorded two stretching directions that gradually shifted from NNE-SSW to NW-SE as a consequence of the South America clockwise rotation. The extensional stress orthogonal to the main E-W-striking and NE-striking Precambrian shear zones facilitated the opening and evolution of the RPB

The role of social networks in students’ learning experiences

The aim of this research is to investigate the role of social networks in computer science education. The Internet shows great potential for enhancing collaboration between people and the role of social software has become increasingly relevant in recent years. This research focuses on analyzing the role that social networks play in students’ learning experiences. The construction of students’ social networks, the evolution of these networks, and their effects on the students’ learning experience in a university environment are examined