Kombinirani učinci smjenskog rada i faktora okoline (vrućina, buka, toksični agensi)

The paper deals with the results of studies or discussions concerning the problem of nightwork combined with other adverse working conditions. Special emphasis is laid on the untoward effect of high temperature during nightwork, as well as on noise and exposure to chemicals. It is shown that there is no substantial influence of heat stress on the circadian rhythm of adrenaline excretion under sitting working conditions with the subject performing a difficult mental task at warm climates up to 30 °C BET. Shiftwork and noise induce independent different effects which can be explained in terms of activation for shiftwork and in terms of tension for noise. The combination of both adverse exposures is therefore partly subtractive but partly additive as night work and noise negatively affect daysleep. Practical experience in the field of combined effects of shiftwork and chemical agents is lacking, but theoretical speculations lead to the conclusion that there may exist a time of day dependence of some chemicals, used at workplaces.U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja i iznesena je teorijska rasprava o problemu smjenskog rada povezanim s drugim nepovoljnim uvjetima rada. Naročito je naglašeno moguće negativno djelovanje visoke temperature za vrijeme smjenskog rada, kao i utjecaj buke i izloženost kemikalijama. Nađeno je da nema značajnog utjecaja toplinskog stresa na dnevni ritam izlučivanja adrenalina pri sjedećem teškom mentalnom radu sve dok temperatura ne pređe 30 ° BET. Smjenski rad i buka imaju neovisno djelovanje koje se može razjasniti aktivnošću u smjenskom radu i napetošću uzrokovanom bukom. Stoga je djelovanje ovih dvaju negativnih utjecaja djelomično suprotno, a djelomično aditivna, budući da noćni rad i buka negativno utiču na san slijedećeg dana. Nedostaju iskustva o kombiniranom djelovanju smjenskog rada i kemijskih spojeva u radnoj okolini, no teorijske pretpostavke dovode do zaključka da bi mogle postojati razlike u toksičnosti pojedinih kemikalija s obzirom na doba dana

Earth matter density uncertainty in atmospheric neutrino oscillations

That muon neutrinos $\nu_{\mu}$ oscillating into the mixture of tau neutrinos $\nu_{\tau}$ and sterile neutrinos $\nu_{s}$ has been studied to explain the atmospheric $\nu_{\mu}$ disappearance. In this scenario, the effect of Earth matter is a key to determine the fraction of $\nu_{s}$. Considering that the Earth matter density has uncertainty and this uncertainty has significant effects in some neutrino oscillation cases, such as the CP violation in very long baseline neutrino oscillations and the day-night asymmetry for solar neutrinos, we study the effects caused by this uncertainty in the above atmospheric $\nu_{\mu}$ oscillation scenario. We find that this uncertainty seems to have no significant effects and that the previous fitting results need not to be modified fortunately.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Enabling the classroom and the curriculum: higher education, literary studies and disability

In this article the tripartite model of disability is applied to the lived experience of twenty-first-century higher education. The tripartite model facilitates a complex understanding of disability that recognises assumptions and discrimination but not at the cost of valued identity. This being so, not only the normative positivisms and non-normative negativisms but also the non-normative positivisms of the classroom and the curriculum are explored. Inclusion is taken as the starting point and the argument progresses to a profound and innovational appreciation of disability. The problem addressed is that inclusion, as shown in The Biopolitics of Disability, constitutes little more than inclusion-ism until disability is recognised in the context of alternative lives and values that neither enforce nor reify normalcy. Informed by this understanding, the article adopts the disciplinary example of literary studies and refers to Brian Friel’s Molly Sweeney as a primary text. The conclusion is that, despite passive and active resistance, disability enters higher education in many ways, most of which are beneficial to students and educators alike

Differential response to various stimulants in the body and antrum of the canine stomach

This study was initiated to evaluate gastric motility with the use of extraluminal force transducers in unanesthetized dogs. The contractile activity of the circular and longitudinal muscle in both antrum and body of the canine stomach was monitored in the interdigestive state and under the influence of food, acetylcholine, and 5-hydroxytryptophane. The latter two chemicals were infused for a 30-min. period. Each of the two muscle layers in antrum and body had a maximum frequency of 5 contractions per minute. This activity was continuous during 30 min. only under the influence of food and 5-hydroxytryptophane. Acetylcholine stimulant effects did not persist beyond the initial 10 min. of infusion. Amplitude of contractions under spontaneous or induced activity varied. The height of these contractions were circular antrum > longitudinal antrum > circular body > longitudinal body. This method of recording muscle contractility is believed to be useful for quantitatively assaying gastric activity without compromise of physiologic environment.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44365/1/10620_2005_Article_BF02232956.pd

Early diagnosis of temporomandibular joint involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a pilot study comparing clinical examination and ultrasound to magnetic resonance imaging

Objectives. To study the validity of both rheumatological and orthodontic examinations and ultrasound (US) as screening methods for early diagnosis of TMJ arthritis against the gold standard MRI. Methods. Thirty consecutive juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients were included in this pilot study. Rheumatological and orthodontic examinations as well as US were performed within 1 month of the MRI in a blinded fashion. Joint effusion and/or increased contrast enhancement of synovium or bone were considered signs of active arthritis on MRI. Results. A total of 19/30 (63%) patients and 33/60 (55%) joints had signs of TMJ involvement on MRI. This was associated with condylar deformity in 9/19 (47%) patients and 15/33 (45%) joints. Rheumatological, orthodontic and US examinations correctly diagnosed 11 (58%), 9 (47%) and 6 (33%) patients, respectively, with active TMJ arthritis, but misdiagnosed 8 (42%), 10 (53%) and 12 (67%) patients, respectively, as having no signs of inflammation. The best predictor for active arthritis on MRI was a reduced maximum mouth opening. Conclusion. None of the methods tested was able to reliably predict the presence or absence of MRI-proven inflammation in the TMJ in our cohort of JIA patients. US was the least useful of all methods tested to exclude active TMJ arthriti

Silicones in experimental peptic ulceration

In the search for a silicone as uniformly successful as the one used earlier, in preventing and treating experimental peptic ulceration in animals, 30 different silicones were used in pylorus-ligated rats, Mann-Williamson dogs and histamine ulcerated dogs. None were found to be uniformly effective and the initial encouraging results reported by us could not be reproduced with subsequent silicone preparations.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44435/1/10620_2005_Article_BF02232022.pd

High Speed Photometry of SDSS J013701.06-091234.9

We present high speed photometry of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey cataclysmic variable SDSS J013701.06-091234.9 in quiescence and during its 2003 December superoutburst. The orbital modulation at 79.71\pm0.01 min is double humped; the superhump period is 81.702\pm0.007 min. Towards the end of the outburst late superhumps with a period of 81.29\pm0.01 min were observed. We argue that this is a system of very low mass transfer rate, and that it probably has a long outburst interval.Comment: 5 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA

CIRCULAR DICHROISM OF LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEXES FROM PURPLE PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA

The CD spectra of a range of antenna complexes from several different species of purple photosynthetic bacteria were recorded in the wavelength range of 190 to 930 nm. Analysis of the far UV CD (190 to 250 nm) showed that in each case except for the B800-850 from Chr. vinosum the secondary structure of the light-harvesting complexes contains a large amount of α-helix (50%) and very little 0-pleated sheet. This confirms the predictions of the group of Zuber of a high a-helical content based upon consideration of the primary structures of several antenna apoproteins. The CD spectra from the carotenoids and the bacteriochlorophylls show considerable variations depending upon the type of antenna complex. The different amplitude ratios in the CD spectrum for the bacteriochlorophyll Qy, Qx and Soret bands indicate not only different degrees of exciton coupling, but also a strong and variable hyperchromism (Scherz and Parson, 1984a, b)