7,521 research outputs found
Influence of the degree of adherence to the mediterranean diet and its components on cardiometabolic risk during pregnancy. The GESTAFIT project
The study was funded by the Regional Ministry of Health of the Junta de Andalucia (PI-0395-2016) and the University of Granada, Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES) . MFA was additionally funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (Grant number FPU17/03715) . The funders of the study had no role in the design of the study, data collection, data analysis or data interpretation. This study is included in the thesis of MFA enrolled in the Doctoral Programme in Nutrition and Food Sciences of the University of Granada.Background and aims: Studies regarding dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk
markers during pregnancy are scarce. The aim of the present study was to analyse whether
different degrees of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and the MD components were
associated with cardiometabolic markers and a clustered cardiometabolic risk during pregnancy.
Methods and results: This study comprised 119 pregnant women from the GEStation and FITness
(GESTAFIT) project. Dietary habits were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire at the 16th
and 34th gestational weeks (g.w.). The Mediterranean Diet Score was employed to assess MD
adherence. The following cardiometabolic markers were assessed: pre-pregnancy body mass index
(BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting glucose, triglycerides
and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). A greater MD adherence was associated
with a better cardiometabolic status in cross-sectional (16th g.w. and 34th g.w.) and prospective
analyses (MD adherence at the 16th g.w. and cardiometabolic markers at the 34th g.w.; SBP, DBP
and HDL-C; all, p < 0.05). Participants with the highest MD adherence (Tertile 3) had a lower
clustered cardiometabolic risk than those with the lowest MD adherence (Tertile 1) at the
16th and 34th g.w. (both, p < 0.05). A higher intake of fruits, vegetables and fish and a lower
intake of refined cereals and red meat and subproducts were associated with a lower cardiometabolic
risk during pregnancy (all, p < 0.05).
Conclusion: A higher MD adherence, a greater intake of fruits, vegetables and fish and a lower
intake of refined cereals and red meat and subproducts showed a cardioprotective effect
throughout gestation.Regional Ministry of Health of the Junta de Andalucia PI-0395-2016University of Granada, Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES)Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports FPU17/0371
Lepton flavor violating signals of a little Higgs model at the high energy linear colliders
Littlest Higgs model predicts the existence of the doubly charged
scalars , which generally have large flavor changing couplings
to leptons. We calculate the contributions of to the lepton
flavor violating processes and , and compare our numerical results with the current
experimental upper limits on these processes. We find that some of these
processes can give severe constraints on the coupling constant and the
mass parameter . Taking into account the constraints on these free
parameters, we further discuss the possible lepton flavor violating signals of
at the high energy linear collider
experiments. Our numerical results show that the possible signals of
might be detected via the subprocesses in the future experiments.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures. Discussions and references added, typos
correcte
Multiphase characterization of AGN winds in five local type-2 quasars
SWe present MEGARA integral field unit (IFU) observations of five local type-2 quasars (QSO2s, z 0:1) from the Quasar Feedback (QSOFEED) sample. These active galactic nuclei (AGN) have bolometric luminosities of 045:546 erg s1 and stellar masses of 1011 M. The LR-V grating of MEGARA allows us to explore the kinematics of the ionized gas through the [O III]5007Å emission line. The nuclear spectra of the five QSO2s, extracted in a circular aperture of 1:200 (2.2 kpc) in diameter, matching the resolution of these seeing-limited observations, show signatures of high velocity winds in the form of broad (full width at half maximum, 1300 FWHM 2240 km s1) and blueshifted components. We found that four out of the five QSO2s present outflows that we can resolve with our seeing-limited data, and they have radii ranging from 3.1 to 12.6 kpc. In the case of the two QSO2s with extended radio emission, we found that it is well aligned with the outflows, suggesting that low-power jets might be compressing and accelerating the ionized gas in these radio-quiet QSO2s. In the four QSO2s with spatially resolved outflows, we measured ionized mass outflow rates of 3.3–6.5 M yr1 when we used [S II]-based densities, and of 0.7–1.6 M yr1 when trans-auroral line-based densities were considered instead. We compared them with the corresponding molecular mass outflow rates (8–16 M yr1), derived from CO(2–1) ALMA observations at 0.200 resolution. The cold molecular outflows carry more mass than their ionized counterparts. However, both
phases show lower outflow mass rates than those expected from observational scaling relations where uniform assumptions on the outflow properties were adopted. This might be indicating that the AGN luminosity is not the only driver of massive outflows and/or that these relations need to be rescaled using accurate outflow properties (i.e., electron density and radius).We did not find a significant impact of the outflows on the global star formation rates when considering the energy budget of the molecular and ionized outflows together. However, spatially resolved measurements of recent star formation in these targets are needed in order to evaluate this fairly,
considering the dynamical timescales of the outflows, of 3–20 Myr for the ionized gas and 1–10 Myr for the molecular gas
Individual rules for trail pattern formation in Argentine ants (Linepithema humile)
We studied the formation of trail patterns by Argentine ants exploring an
empty arena. Using a novel imaging and analysis technique we estimated
pheromone concentrations at all spatial positions in the experimental arena and
at different times. Then we derived the response function of individual ants to
pheromone concentrations by looking at correlations between concentrations and
changes in speed or direction of the ants. Ants were found to turn in response
to local pheromone concentrations, while their speed was largely unaffected by
these concentrations. Ants did not integrate pheromone concentrations over
time, with the concentration of pheromone in a 1 cm radius in front of the ant
determining the turning angle. The response to pheromone was found to follow a
Weber's Law, such that the difference between quantities of pheromone on the
two sides of the ant divided by their sum determines the magnitude of the
turning angle. This proportional response is in apparent contradiction with the
well-established non-linear choice function used in the literature to model the
results of binary bridge experiments in ant colonies (Deneubourg et al. 1990).
However, agent based simulations implementing the Weber's Law response function
led to the formation of trails and reproduced results reported in the
literature. We show analytically that a sigmoidal response, analogous to that
in the classical Deneubourg model for collective decision making, can be
derived from the individual Weber-type response to pheromone concentrations
that we have established in our experiments when directional noise around the
preferred direction of movement of the ants is assumed.Comment: final version, 9 figures, submitted to Plos Computational Biology
(accepted
Acute myelogenous leukemia switch lineage upon relapse to acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case report
Acute leukemia, the most common form of cancer in children, accounts for approximately 30% of all childhood malignancies, with acute lymphoblastic leukemia being five times more frequent than acute myeloid leukemia. Lineage switch is the term that has been used to describe the phenomenon of acute leukemias that meet the standard French-American-British system criteria for a particular lineage (either lymphoid or myeloid) upon initial diagnosis, but meet the criteria for the opposite lineage at relapse. Many reports have documented conversions of acute lymphoblastic leukemia to acute myeloid leukemia
TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives
Heavy quarkonium: progress, puzzles, and opportunities
A golden age for heavy quarkonium physics dawned a decade ago, initiated by
the confluence of exciting advances in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and an
explosion of related experimental activity. The early years of this period were
chronicled in the Quarkonium Working Group (QWG) CERN Yellow Report (YR) in
2004, which presented a comprehensive review of the status of the field at that
time and provided specific recommendations for further progress. However, the
broad spectrum of subsequent breakthroughs, surprises, and continuing puzzles
could only be partially anticipated. Since the release of the YR, the BESII
program concluded only to give birth to BESIII; the -factories and CLEO-c
flourished; quarkonium production and polarization measurements at HERA and the
Tevatron matured; and heavy-ion collisions at RHIC have opened a window on the
deconfinement regime. All these experiments leave legacies of quality,
precision, and unsolved mysteries for quarkonium physics, and therefore beg for
continuing investigations. The plethora of newly-found quarkonium-like states
unleashed a flood of theoretical investigations into new forms of matter such
as quark-gluon hybrids, mesonic molecules, and tetraquarks. Measurements of the
spectroscopy, decays, production, and in-medium behavior of c\bar{c}, b\bar{b},
and b\bar{c} bound states have been shown to validate some theoretical
approaches to QCD and highlight lack of quantitative success for others. The
intriguing details of quarkonium suppression in heavy-ion collisions that have
emerged from RHIC have elevated the importance of separating hot- and
cold-nuclear-matter effects in quark-gluon plasma studies. This review
systematically addresses all these matters and concludes by prioritizing
directions for ongoing and future efforts.Comment: 182 pages, 112 figures. Editors: N. Brambilla, S. Eidelman, B. K.
Heltsley, R. Vogt. Section Coordinators: G. T. Bodwin, E. Eichten, A. D.
Frawley, A. B. Meyer, R. E. Mitchell, V. Papadimitriou, P. Petreczky, A. A.
Petrov, P. Robbe, A. Vair
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