CASE REPORT ON UNILATERAL SEGMENTAL CALCIFICATION OF STYLOHYOID LIGAMENT

An unusual case of a unilaterally elongated styloid process with a length of 6.8 cm was found on orthopantomogram (OPG) of male patient. The patient reported with ipsilateralotalgia presumably due to nerve compression from the elongated styloid process. The symptomatology appeared by such an anatomical variant as well as relative literature is discussed in the present case. KEYWORDS: Styloid process; Otalgia; Stylohyoid ligament; orthopantomogram

CASE REPORT ON UNILATERAL SEGMENTAL CALCIFICATION OF STYLOHYOID LIGAMENT

An unusual case of a unilaterally elongated styloid process with a length of 6.8 cm was found on orthopantomogram (OPG) of male patient. The patient reported with ipsilateralotalgia presumably due to nerve compression from the elongated styloid process. The symptomatology appeared by such an anatomical variant as well as relative literature is discussed in the present case. KEYWORDS: Styloid process; Otalgia; Stylohyoid ligament; orthopantomogram

Prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) provide prognostic value in invasive breast cancer and guidelines for their assessment have been published. This study aims to evaluate: (a) methods of TILs assessment, and (b) their prognostic significance in breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Hematoxylin and eosin sections from two clinically annotated DCIS cohorts; a training set (n = 150 pure DCIS) and a validation set (n = 666 comprising 534 pure DCIS and 132 cases wherein DCIS and invasive breast carcinoma were co-existent) were assessed. Seven different scoring methods were applied to the training set to identify the most optimal reproducible method associated with strongest prognostic value. Among different methods, TILs touching ducts' basement membrane or away from it by one lymphocyte cell thickness provided the strongest significant association with outcome and highest concordance rate [inter-cluster correlation coefficient = 0.95]. Assessment of periductal TILs at increasing distances from DCIS (0.2 , 0.5 , and 1 mm) as well as percent of stromal TILs were practically challenging and showed lower concordance rates than touching TILs. TILs hotspots and lymphoid follicles did not show prognostic significance. Within the pure DCIS validation set, dense TILs were associated with younger age, symptomatic presentation, larger size, higher nuclear grade, comedo necrosis and estrogen receptor negativity as well as shorter recurrence-free interval (p = 0.002). In multivariate survival analysis, dense TILs were independent predictor of shorter recurrence-free interval (p = 0.002) in patients treated with breast conservation. DCIS associated with invasive carcinoma showed denser TILs than pure DCIS (p = 9.0 × 10-13). Dense TILs is an independent prognostic variable in DCIS. Touching TILs provides a reproducible method for their assessment that can potentially be used to guide management

Novel immunohistochemistry-based signatures to predict metastatic site of triple-negative breast cancers

Background: Although distant metastasis (DM) in breast cancer (BC) is the most lethal form of recurrence and the most commonunderlying cause of cancer related deaths, the outcome following the development of DM is related to the site of metastasis.Triple negative BC (TNBC) is an aggressive form of BC characterised by early recurrences and high mortality. Athough multiplevariables can be used to predict the risk of metastasis, few markers can predict the specific site of metastasis. This study aimed atidentifying a biomarker signature to predict particular sites of DM in TNBC.Methods: A clinically annotated series of 322 TNBC were immunohistochemically stained with 133 biomarkers relevant to BC, todevelop multibiomarker models for predicting metastasis to the bone, liver, lung and brain. Patients who experienced metastasisto each site were compared with those who did not, by gradually filtering the biomarker set via a two-tailed t-test and Coxunivariate analyses. Biomarker combinations were finally ranked based on statistical significance, and evaluated in multivariableanalyses.Results: Our final models were able to stratify TNBC patients into high risk groups that showed over 5, 6, 7 and 8 times higher riskof developing metastasis to the bone, liver, lung and brain, respectively, than low-risk subgroups. These models for predictingsite-specific metastasis retained significance following adjustment for tumour size, patient age and chemotherapy status.Conclusions: Our novel IHC-based biomarkers signatures, when assessed in primary TNBC tumours, enable prediction of specificsites of metastasis, and potentially unravel biomarkers previously unknown in site tropism

Web Forum Crawling Techniques

The web contains large data and it contains innumerable websites that is monitored by a tool or a program known as Crawler. The main goal of this paper is to focus on the web forum crawling techniques. In this paper, the various techniques of web forum crawler and challenges of crawling are discussed. The paper also gives the overview of web crawling and web forums

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Not AvailableBrucellosis is a zoonotic and economically important disease of livestock. Pen side diagnostics are the need of the hour for the rapid diagnosis of brucellosis. The present study aimed to evaluate blood based lateral flow assay (LFA) with serum based LFA and rose bengal plate test (RBPT) for diagnosis of brucellosis. Sera/blood samples [792: cattle, 153; buffalo, 55; sheep, 140; goats, 219; and pigs, 225] were collected from Karnataka, India with history of repeat breeding, retention of placenta and abortion.The seropositivity of brucellosis in cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats and pigs was 7.84, 3.63, 12.85, 2.73 and 39.11% by RBPT; 5.88, 3.63, 8.57, 2.73 and 31.1% by blood- LFA; and 7.18, 3.63, 10.71, 3.19 and 32.88% by serum-LFA. Relative specificity of blood based LFA was between 98.97 to 99.53% and 97.42 to 100% in comparison to serum-LFA and RBPT, respectively in all the species. The relative sensitivity for all the species ranged from 64.29 to 83.33% by blood-LFA and 57.14 to 84.09% by serum- LFA. The diagnostic accuracy of blood-LFA to RBPT and serum- LFA ranged from 91 to 99% among the species studied. It is opined that blood based LFA can serve as diagnostic test in place of serum based LFA for brucellosis screening in multiple livestock species and suggested for adaptation on-farm, slaughter, market, clinical and prepurchase surveillance of brucellosis in the country.Not Availabl

Exploring the Multi-Seasonal Relationships between Yield Traits with Natural Screening of Rice Blast Disease Under Hot Spot Conditions

The experiment was conducted to study the comparative performance and blast disease screening  80 diverse rice cultivars including land races, obsolete varieties, modern cultivars and released varieties, local prevailing cultivars and advanced breeding/varietal lines as AICRIP testing trials for two successive seasons during Kharif-2021 and Kharif-2022 at AHRS Ponnampet, Karnataka- India, The results from ANOVA revealed that, MSS due to genotypes, were significant (p<0.01 and p<0.05) for all the yield traits studied. GYKH was varied from 270.65-6039.89, while 940.17-6039.88 with mean grain yield Kg/ha of 3596.01 and 3483.92 kg/ha during Kh-21 and Kh-22. High GCV and PCV with high heritability coupled with high GAM were observed for GYKH, while the remaining traits revealed low to medium GCV and PCV, heritability coupled with low to medium GAM. Correlation analysis revealed that significant and positive association was observed for PH, DFF, PL and GYKH. PCAs revealed that PC1, PC2 and PC3 showed 32.45%, 29.66% and 14.83% of contribution with 76.94% of total variation during Kharif-21 and 33.20%, 29.67% and 14.33% of contribution with 77.20% of variation for the studied traits during Kharif-22 respectively. Field screening of leaf and neck blast under natural hot spot area among 80 diverse genotypes resulted in identification of resistant sources as KPR-1, KPR-2, KHP-5, Mud-1014, IET-28515 and Kajajaya with promising yield performances

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Not AvailableBrucella abortus strain S99 is widely used for the preparation of colored, plain, recombinant and smooth lipopolysaccharide antigens for the preparation of Brucella diagnostic kits. The genome of this strain was sequenced and the length of the genome was 3,253,175 bp, with 57.2% G+C content. A total of 3,365 protein coding genes and 53 RNA genes were predicted.Not Availabl