The Modify Version of Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm to solve Real Optimization problems

The Artificial Bee Colony(ABC) algorithm is one of the best applicableoptimization algorithm. In this work, we make some modifications toimprove the ABC algorithm based on convergence speed of solution. Inorder to, we add some conditions to selected food sources by bees. So, ifsolution have been enough near to optimal solution, then further search existaround the food sources. That, this is near to optimal solution because, wecan replace lower and upper bounds of food sources with smaller valuesrelate to last search. Therefore, the new search is near to optimal solution and after some iteration, optimal solution achieves. Finally, we illustrateconvergence speed of the MABC algorithm that is faster than ABCalgorithm. There are some examples.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v2i4.42

Cytogenetic Effects of Honey Contaminated With Fumagillin (Dicyclohexylamine) on Male Mice Mus Musculus Balb/C In Vivo

Cytogenetic effects of honey contaminated with fumagillin that collected from different sources in Duhok province was investigated in mouse bone-marrow cells using damaged cells%, (chromatids and chromosomal aberrations and mitotic index (M.I). A group of mice was orally administrated with honey that gave a positive result with qualitative chemical test. Fumagillin was administered to  another group of   mice by gavage, at doses of 25, 50, 75 mg/kg body weight (b.w) prepared with honey that give a negative result by   biochemical test  as artificially contaminant honey. All mice were treated for two different periods, 7 and 35 days at 24-hrs  intervals .The treated groups were compared with negative control and Cyclophosphamide (40 mg/kg bw) as a positive control. The biochemical test for all honey samples shows that 16.67% of honey samples were contaminated with fumagillin. The honey sample that give a positive result in the presence of fumagillin in biochemical test revealed its ability to increase the damage cell% and chromosomal aberrations in  bone marrow  cells after 7 and 35 days of treatment  .The ability of this sample equivalent to that of honey experimentally contaminated with fumagillin (25 mg/kg b.w).The result of the present study shows that the contaminated honey sample revealed its ability to reduce the M.I after 35 days of treatment in  bone marrow  cells as compared to negative controls

TGF-β–dependent CD103 expression by CD8+ T cells promotes selective destruction of the host intestinal epithelium during graft-versus-host disease

Destruction of the host intestinal epithelium by donor effector T cell populations is a hallmark of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. We demonstrate that CD8+ T cells expressing CD103, an integrin conferring specificity for the epithelial ligand E-cadherin, play a critical role in this process. A TCR transgenic GVHD model was used to demonstrate that CD103 is selectively expressed by host-specific CD8+ T cell effector populations (CD8 effectors) that accumulate in the host intestinal epithelium during GVHD. Although host-specific CD8 effectors infiltrated a wide range of host compartments, only those infiltrating the intestinal epithelium expressed CD103. Host-specific CD8 effectors expressing a TGF-β dominant negative type II receptor were defective in CD103 expression on entry into the intestinal epithelium, which indicates local TGF-β activity as a critical regulating factor. Host-specific CD8 effectors deficient in CD103 expression successfully migrated into the host intestinal epithelium but were retained at this site much less efficiently than wild-type host-specific CD8 effectors. The relevance of these events to GVHD pathogenesis is supported by the finding that CD103-deficient CD8+ T cells were strikingly defective in transferring intestinal GVHD pathology and mortality. Collectively, these data document a pivotal role for TGF-β–dependent CD103 expression in dictating the gut tropism, and hence the destructive potential, of CD8+ T cells during GVHD pathogenesis

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

THE PERCENTILES OF FUZZY NUMBERS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to find the percentiles of fuzzy numbers and to demonstrate their applications, which include finding weighted means, dispersion indices, and the percentile intervals of fuzzy numbers. The crisp approximations of fuzzy numbers introduced in this paper are new and interesting for the comparison of fuzzy environments, such as a variety of economic, financial, and engineering systems control problems

Blood pressure nomograms by age and weight for Iranian children and adolescents

Background: Normal standard references of blood pressure (BP) for children and adolescents have been suggested to be constructed based on anthropometric indices. Accordingly, we aimed to develop first BP reference percentiles by weight and age for Iranian children aged 3-18 years old. Materials and Methods: A total of 16,246 children and adolescents aged 3-18 years were included from 3 cross-sectional studies conducted in Tehran- Iran. Data on demographic characteristics, anthropometric indices and BP values of these subjects were gathered. Quantile regression model was used to assess the need for weight adjustment in different percentiles of systolic and diastolic BPs with age, gender, and the corresponding weight percentiles. Then, Age- and sex-specific BP nomograms were developed according to weight. Results: All the regression coefficients for weight percentiles were statistically significant in quantile regression of BPs, which confirms the positive effect of adjustment for weight (P < 0.05). The BP percentiles by age and weight are presented for each gender. All the BP percentiles rose steadily in all the weight percentiles with minor discrepancies between the two genders. Based on the weight-adjusted BP curves, lean subjects are estimated to have a higher prevalence of hypertension while this figure is lower among the overweight and obese children. Conclusion: This study presents the first Iranian BP references by age and weight for 3 to 18 year old children and adolescents. BMI-adjusted BP curves were found to be a better tool for assessing the prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents, on the basis of which a more reliable classification standard for hypertension could be obtained