Climate change adaptation exertions on the use of alternative water resources in Antalya, Turkiye

This study presents the payback periods of applying rainwater harvesting (RWH) and/or graywater reuse (GWR) systems as alternative water resources in different building typologies, such as a hospital, shopping mall, and hotel. These buildings are under operation in the Antalya Province of Turkiye, which is a large city having the densest tourism activities. The significance of the work performed through the cost-benefit analyses for the selected case studies basically lies on the water savings while serving to four of the sustainable development goals, namely, clean water and sanitation, sustainable cities and communities, responsible consumption and production, and climate action. These efforts may be considered valuable urban-based solutions toward climate change effects. Thorough surveys on the existing selected typologies are conducted regarding their water consumption and probable water savings via reuse activities. As-built plumbing projects and plans are also investigated during the accomplishment of the comprehensive design work leading to the calculation of the total investment and operation costs of the rainwater harvesting and graywater reuse practices. The up-to-date prices are used in monetary terms, and euro currency is used to make the results more meaningful by the interested parties. All the selected typologies undergo cost-benefit analysis for both of the alternative water reuse systems. The payback periods are calculated as 6, 2, and 9 years for RWH and as 5, 6, and 9 years for GWR for the hospital, shopping mall, and the hotel, respectively. The water savings for RWH varied between 20% and 50% whereas for GWR, the range was 48%-99%. Both of the systems are performed for the shopping mall simultaneously, and the resulting payback period is found to be 5 years, and water saving reached 72%. Recent information on the amortization periods in the literature states that less than a decade demonstrates achievable and highly acceptable applications. As such, the design attempts in this study also correlated with these findings. However, feasibility of these practices may be increased by encouraging the public on their utility and benefit of water savings. As is the case in many of the developed countries, incentives like tax reductions and even exemptions may be realized to achieve better applicability of these alternative technologies

Bir Yaşından Küçük Bebeğe Sahip Annelerin Geleneksel Bakım Uygulamaları

Background: Mothers not equipped with sufficient knowledge about child care and using traditional child care methods may cause harm totheir children's health and even cause handicaps in their children. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine traditional child carepractices of women with infant less than one years age babies. Methods: The descriptive study was conducted in the four districts of Izmir,where health care is offered by the Primary Health Center. Data were collected by face to face with a questionnaire prepared by theresearchers in view of the relevant literature. The study sample included 70 mothers with infant less than one year old babies. Results:Turkish mothers had traditional child care practices pertinent to bathing and cutting nails of babies for the first time, swaddling, removal ofthe umbilical cord, the evil eye and "kırk basması". Conclusion: Some of these traditional health behaviors can cause health risks. Therefore,nurses should be aware of traditional behaviors which may pose health risks and attempt to change these behaviors. Giriş: Çocuk bakımı konusunda yeterli bilgiye sahip olmayan ve geleneksel çocuk bakım yöntemlerini kullanan anneler çocuklarınınsağlığına zarar verebilir ve hatta onlarda sakatlıklara yol açabilir. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı bir yaşından küçük bebeğe sahip olanannelerin geleneksel çocuk bakımı uygulamalarının belirlenmesidir. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte planlanan bu çalışma birinci basamak sağlıkhizmeti sunulan İzmir ilinde dört sağlık ocağı bölgesinde yürütülmüştür. Veriler literatüre dayanılarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanananket formu ile toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini bir yaşından küçük bebeği olan 70 anne oluşturmuştur. Bulgular: Türk anneler bebeğinilk tırnağını kesme, ilk banyosu, kundaklama, göbek bağının atılması, nazar ve kırk basması ile ilgili geleneksel çocuk bakımıuygulamalarına sahiptir. Sonuç: Bu geleneksel sağlık davranışlarından bazıları sağlık risklerine yol açabilir. Bu nedenle hemşireler sağlıkrisklerine yol açabilecek geleneksel uygulamaların farkında olmalı ve bu davranışları değiştirmeye çalışmalıdır

Setting Measures for Tackling Agricultural Diffuse Pollution of Küçük Menderes Basin

We explained the methodology used in setting the basic and supplementary measures for diffuse pollutants at Küçük Menderes Basin. As the majority of diffuse pollutants arise from livestock breeding and agricultural activities, we focused to propose measures regarded with tackling the pollution from agricultural activities. The types and distribution of diffuse loads were expressed by total nitrogen and phosphorous parameters. We used the results of a yearlong surface water quality monitoring involving physico-chemical, chemical and biological parameters with specific pollutants and priority substances, set in the European Union Water Framework Directive as the AquaTool input data. The AquaTool model was run for attaining the outcomes of a series of measures determined according to the ecological sensitivity of each water body. The removal efficiency of pollution loads provided by the best management practices in agricultural activities and livestock breeding were compiled from literature, and typical removal rates were further determined for the basin. We produced nine alternative scenarios at first cycle for determining compliance measures for mitigating point and diffuse sources of pollution in surface water bodies, and water quality improvements observed in the Model were reported. A number of exemptions were defined for some of the water bodies that could not achieve the environmental objectives at the end of first implementation cycle. 759 proposed measures for tackling diffuse pollution were 81% of the total measures considered. Additionally, the measures for mitigating diffuse agricultural pollution were almost equal to half of the diffuse pollutant measures, and 40% of the overall measures liste

Inhibition of the succinyl dehydrogenase complex in acute myeloid leukemia leads to a lactate-fuelled respiratory metabolic vulnerability

Metabolic programs can differ substantially across genetically distinct subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These programs are not static entities but can change swiftly as a consequence of extracellular changes or in response to pathway-inhibiting drugs. Here, we uncover that AML patients with FLT3 internal tandem duplications (FLT3-ITD+) are characterized by a high expression of succinate-CoA ligases and high activity of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex II, thereby driving high mitochondrial respiration activity linked to the Krebs cycle. While inhibition of ETC complex II enhances apoptosis in FLT3-ITD+ AML, cells also quickly adapt by importing lactate from the extracellular microenvironment. 13C3-labelled lactate metabolic flux analyses reveal that AML cells use lactate as a fuel for mitochondrial respiration. Inhibition of lactate transport by blocking Monocarboxylic Acid Transporter 1 (MCT1) strongly enhances sensitivity to ETC complex II inhibition in vitro as well as in vivo. Our study highlights a metabolic adaptability of cancer cells that can be exploited therapeutically.</p

Crosstalk between AML and stromal cells triggers acetate secretion through the metabolic rewiring of stromal cells

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cells interact and modulate components of their surrounding microenvironment into their own benefit. Stromal cells have been shown to support AML survival and progression through various mechanisms. Nonetheless, whether AML cells could establish beneficial metabolic interactions with stromal cells is underexplored. By using a combination of human AML cell lines and AML patient samples together with mouse stromal cells and a MLL-AF9 mouse model, here we identify a novel metabolic crosstalk between AML and stromal cells where AML cells prompt stromal cells to secrete acetate for their own consumption to feed the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and lipid biosynthesis. By performing transcriptome analysis and tracer-based metabolic NMR analysis, we observe that stromal cells present a higher rate of glycolysis when co-cultured with AML cells. We also find that acetate in stromal cells is derived from pyruvate via chemical conversion under the influence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following ROS transfer from AML to stromal cells via gap junctions. Overall, we present a unique metabolic communication between AML and stromal cells and propose two different molecular targets, ACSS2 and gap junctions, that could potentially be exploited for adjuvant therapy

The Glycolytic Gatekeeper PDK1 defines different metabolic states between genetically distinct subtypes of human acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia remains difficult to treat due to strong genetic heterogeneity between and within individual patients. Here, we show that Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) acts as a targetable determinant of different metabolic states in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). PDK1(low) AMLs are OXPHOS-driven, are enriched for leukemic granulocyte-monocyte progenitor (L-GMP) signatures, and are associated with FLT3-ITD and NPM1cyt mutations. PDK1(high) AMLs however are OXPHOS(low), wild type for FLT3 and NPM1, and are enriched for stemness signatures. Metabolic states can even differ between genetically distinct subclones within individual patients. Loss of PDK1 activity releases glycolytic cells into an OXPHOS state associated with increased ROS levels resulting in enhanced apoptosis in leukemic but not in healthy stem/progenitor cells. This coincides with an enhanced dependency on glutamine uptake and reduced proliferation in vitro and in vivo in humanized xenograft mouse models. We show that human leukemias display distinct metabolic states and adaptation mechanisms that can serve as targets for treatment

Early loss of Crebbp confers malignant stem cell properties on lymphoid progenitors.

Loss-of-function mutations of cyclic-AMP response element binding protein, binding protein (CREBBP) are prevalent in lymphoid malignancies. However, the tumour suppressor functions of CREBBP remain unclear. We demonstrate that loss of Crebbp in murine haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) leads to increased development of B-cell lymphomas. This is preceded by accumulation of hyperproliferative lymphoid progenitors with a defective DNA damage response (DDR) due to a failure to acetylate p53. We identify a premalignant lymphoma stem cell population with decreased H3K27ac, which undergoes transcriptional and genetic evolution due to the altered DDR, resulting in lymphomagenesis. Importantly, when Crebbp is lost later in lymphopoiesis, cellular abnormalities are lost and tumour generation is attenuated. We also document that CREBBP mutations may occur in HSPCs from patients with CREBBP-mutated lymphoma. These data suggest that earlier loss of Crebbp is advantageous for lymphoid transformation and inform the cellular origins and subsequent evolution of lymphoid malignancies

Besleyici film tekniği ile yetiştirilen hıyar bitkisinde kalsiyum-nitrat gübresi uygulamasının verim üzerine etkisi

Bu tezin, veri tabanı üzerinden yayınlanma izni bulunmamaktadır. Yayınlanma izni olmayan tezlerin basılı kopyalarına Üniversite kütüphaneniz aracılığıyla (TÜBESS üzerinden) erişebilirsiniz.VI ABSTRACT THE EFFECT OF CALCIUM-NITRATE APPLICATIONS ON CUCUMBER YIELD GROWN IN NUTRIENT FILM TECHNIQUE ERDEM, Ayşegül Msc in Agriculture Eng. Supervisor; Doç. Dr. Murat OKTAY April 1997, 97 pages This study was conducted in order to determine the effect of calcium on yield and growth of cucumbers grown in Nutrient Film Technique which is a widespread method of cultivation in recent years. In the experiment fruit firmness and mineral composition of cucumber plant parts as leaf lamina, petiol, stem, root and fruit were examined. Nutrient uptakes per plant is also evaluated. According to the results, optimum Ca level was found with respect to yield and fruit quality. The experiment was established in randomized complete plots design with 3 replications. Calcium was applied in 3 rate as 200, 100 and 50 ppm in the form of Ca(NOs)2. In the experiment tap water with about 90 ppm Ca was used (Tap water+200 ppm Ca, Tap water+100 ppm Ca, Tap water+50 ppm Ca). Cucumber plants were grown for an 85 days of vegetation period. Results put forth that 200 ppm of Ca was toxic and cucumber plants grown in such a Ca rate were able to stay alive only 17 days. When the other two Ca rates (100 and 50 ppm Ca) were evaluated, the highest marketable yield (7530 kg/da) was achieved from the lowest (50 ppm Ca) rate. Parcels that received 100 ppm Ca consisted 4.7% Ca in their leaf lamina, 2.7% in petiol, 0.83% in stem, 8.7% in root and 0.43% in fruits. In the other rate (50 ppm Ca), leaf lamine had 4.37% Ca, petiol 1.9% Ca, stem 0.67%, root 5.5% and fruit 0.33%.vu In parcels that receieved 100 ppm Ca, 11.004 kg N/da, 7.519 kg P205/da, 20.17 kg K20/da, 4.40kg Ca/da and 2.078 kg Mg/da were uptaken by 4161 kg/da yield. On the other hand, in 50 ppm Ca rate 25.281 kg N/da, 15.838 kg P205/da, 42.73 kg K20/da, 8.02 kg Ca/da and 5.805 kg Mg/da were uptaken by 7530 kg/da yield. Keywords: Nutrient Film Technique (NFI), cucumber, calcium, calcium-nitrate fertilizer.IV ÖZET BESLEYİCİ FİLM TEKNİĞİ İLE YETİŞTİRİLEN HIYAR BİTKİSİNDE KALSİYUM-NİTRAI GÜBRESİ UYGULAMASININ VERİM ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ ERDEM, Ayşegül Yüksek Lismw Tezi, Toprak Anabilim Dalı Tez Yömeticisi; Doç. Dr* Murat OKTAY Nisan 1997, 97 sayfa Bu araştırma, Özellikle su kültürünün hızla yaygınlaştığı zamanımı/da, hıyar yetiştiriciliğinde Ca(N03)2 formundaki kalsiyum uymamasının büyüme ve verim, meyve eti sertliği, bitkilerin farklı kısımlarındaki (yaprak ayası, yaprak sapı, gövde, kök ve meyve) % besin maddesi miktarları ve kaldırılan besin element miktarlarını belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma bulgularına göre, elde edilen sonuçların değerlendirilmesi yapılarak, hıyar bitkisinde verim ve meyve kalitesi üzerine en iyi sonuç veren Ca(NO$)2 gübresi dozu tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla, 3 tekerrürlü olmak üzere, tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre, 200, İflO ve 50 ppm Ca uygulamalarında hryar bitkisi 85 günlük bir üretim periyodu içerisinde yetiştirilmiştir. Besin solüsyonuna uygulanan 200, 100 ve 50 ppm Ca uygulamaları besin solüsyonunun hazırlanmasında kullanılan çeşme suyundaki kalsiyum (90 ppm Ca) miktarına ilave olarak verilmiştir, (Çeşme suyu+200 ppm Ca, Çeşme suyu+lOOppm Ca, Çeşme suya*50 ppm Ca). 200 ppm Ca uygulaması, kalsiyumun yüksek konsantrasyonundan dolayı yürütülememiş, bitkiler ancak 17 gün canlı kalabilmiştir. 100 ve 50 ppm Ca uygulamalarında en yüksek verim 85 günlük üretim sürecinde, 7530 kg/da ürün ile 50 ppm Ca uygulamasından elde edilmiştir.Her iki kalsiyum dozunun (100 ve 50 ppm Ca) uygulanması sonucunda yaprak ayası, yaprak sapı,.gövde, kök ve- meyve örneklerinde bulunan % Ca miktarı; 100 ppm Ca uygulamasında kuru madde'de, yaprak ayası'nda %4.7, yaprak sapı'nda %2.7, gövde'de %0.83, kök'te %8.7, meyve'de %0.43, 50 ppm Ca uygulamasında ise, kuru madde'de, yaprak ayası'nda %4.37, yaprak samanda %1.9, gövde'de %0.67, kök'te %5.5, meyve'de %0.33 olarak saptanmıştır. Besleyici Film Tekniği ile yetiştirilen hıyar bitkisinde, 100 ppm Ca uygulamasında 4161 kg/da ürün ile, 11.004 kg/da N, 7.519 kg/da P205, 20.17 kg/da K20, 4.40 kg/da Ca, 2.078 kg/da Mg, 50 ppm Ca uygulamasında ise, 7530 kg/da ürün ile, 25.281 kg/da N, 15.838 kg/da P2O5, 42.73 kg/da K20, 8.02 kg/da Ca, 5.805 kg/da Mg kaldırıldığı tespit edilmiştir

Proje tabanlı öğrenmenin ilköğretim yedinci sınıf öğrencilerinin bilgisayar dersi başarısına ve tutumuna etkisi

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Bu araştırma, bilgisayar öğretiminde proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımının ilköğretim yedinci sınıf öğrencilerinin bilgisayar dersine ilişkin tutumlarına ve bilgisayar dersi başarılarına etkisini sınamak üzere yapılmıştır. Araştırma kontrol gruplu öntest-sontest deneysel desende gerçekleştirilmiştir.Proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımının öğrencilerin akademik başarılarına ve bilgisayara yönelik tutumlarına etkilerini incelemek amacıyla bir deney, bir kontrol grubu oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmanın deney ve kontrol gruplarını yedinci sınıfa devam eden iki şube oluşturmuştur.Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen verilere göre, Proje Tabanlı Öğrenme yaklaşımının uygulandığı deney grubu öğrencileri ile geleneksel öğretim yönteminin uygulandığı kontrol grubu öğrencilerinin deneysel işlem öncesi, akademik başarı puanları açısından aralarında anlamlı bir farkın olmadığı, diğer yandan Proje Tabanlı Öğrenme yaklaşımının uygulandığı deney grubundaki öğrencileri ile geleneksel öğretim yönteminin uygulandığı kontrol grubu öğrencilerinin deneysel işlem sonrası, akademik başarı puanları açısından aralarında deney grubu lehine anlamlı bir farkın olduğu görülmüştür. Deney ve kontrol grubu öğrencilerinin ön test tutum puanları arasında anlamlı bir farkın bulunmadığı, deneysel işlem sonrasında da tutum puanları arasında anlamlı bir farkın bulunmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.This study has been conducted to test the effect of Project based learning approach on the actions of the students of grade seven towards the computer course and on their academic success in the computer teaching.An experimental group and a test group were made to analyse the effect of the project based learning approach on academic success of students and their attitude towards computer. The experimental and control groups of the research were constituted of students studying in two different classrooms in grade seven.According to the data obtained as a result of the research, it was deduced that the experimental group of students on which the Project Based Learning approach was applied was better than that of the students on which traditional teaching approach was applied after the empirical process. It was also deduced that there was not in important difference between pre-test grades of the experimental and control student groups and there was not an important difference between attitude grades of the experimental and control student groups

Gebe kadınlarda beden algısının gebelikte meydana gelen fiziksel değişikliklere göre incelenmesi

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the body perception in pregnant women according to physical changes occurring during pregnancy. Methods: This study was conducted with the pregnant women who applied to polyclinic of a government hospital at a city which in the middle of Turkey, as descriptive. Study was conducted with 300 pregnant women. Data were collected by using an Informative Form and Body Perception Questionnaire. Data were evaluated by using percentage, mean, One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Independent Samples Test and One-way Anova importance tests with Pearson correlation. Results: Pregnancy mask, abdominal striae, edema, body perception scores were higher in pregnant women and it was significant as statistically (p<0.05). Body perception scores were found to be higher in pregnant women with low income and those with health problems in pregnancy (p<0.05). In addition, body perception scores increased as the age increased [r(300)=0.166; p p<0.01]. Discussion and Conclusion: As a result, body perception scores of women, who experienced some physical changes during pregnancy, increased