Was there an alternative? European socialists facing capitalism in the long 1970s

This article examines Western European socialists’ attempt to assert a ‘socialist alternative’ to a crumbling world order during the long 1970s. In Western Europe, the 1968 uprisings inaugurated a decade of intense social contestation, which coincided with the heyday of social democracy and, arguably, with a new leftward tendency within the socialist milieu. The ‘crisis’ of the long 1970s – with its multiple economic, energy social, political, international and cultural facets – challenged the foundations of the ‘post-war consensus’ and to some extent pushed socialists to question their commitment to capitalism. This article explores the period of consolidation and renewal that Western European social democracy experienced during the early 1970s, their increasing confidence that they could use the European Community as a tool to realize democratic socialism, the attempt to formulate a common socialist alternative for Europe, the leftward tendency that was characterizing European socialists at the time and even their hope (at least for some of them) to surpass capitalism. Focusing on the attempt of the socialist parties of the EC to adopt a common European socialist programme in view of the first direct elections of the European Parliament, it argues that despite their divergences, European socialists did thoroughly discuss and envisage an alternative to capitalism at a European and global level during the 1970s, an option that was abandoned by the 1980s

3. Constituer et valoriser un fonds spécifique sur l’emploi : l’Infodoc de la médiathèque du Canal à Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines

Le réseau des médiathèques de Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (SQY) a pour mission de s’intégrer dans le tissu socio-économique de la Communauté d’agglomération de Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (CASQY), deuxième pôle économique de l’ouest parisien. Donner accès à des offres et services de documentation et d’information sur des problématiques d’emploi, d’insertion et de formation sont les principaux enjeux de services aux habitants. Le service Infodoc a été créé dans ce cadre en 1993, dès l’ouverture de..

Favoriser l’insertion professionnelle et l’accès à l’emploi

Cherchant à adapter leurs services à l’actualité sociale et aux besoins réels de leur public, de plus en plus de bibliothèques se préoccupent d’offrir des services orientés vers l’insertion professionnelle et la recherche d’emploi. Qu’elle soit universitaire ou publique, la bibliothèque constitue une ressource essentielle de la formation tout au long de la vie, élément primordial à l’adaptation permanente au monde du travail. Cet ouvrage aborde cette nouvelle problématique pour les établissements sous trois angles différents, selon les besoins des publics : travailler, se former, entreprendre. Les conditions d’accueil des publics concernés, l’adaptation de l’offre suivant la dimension de la bibliothèque, la constitution des collections spécialisées dans ce domaine, la qualité des propositions en matière d’autoformation, les atouts des différents partenariats dans le domaine de la recherche d’emploi, tels sont les éléments traités ici pour favoriser le succès de la mise en place et du développement d’une offre propre à élargir avec efficacité les champs d’intervention des bibliothèques aujourd’hui. Coordonné par Georges Perrin, inspecteur général honoraire des bibliothèques, ce volume collectif réunit des professionnels spécialisés dans le domaine éducatif, social et culturel

Rethinking European integration history in light of capitalism: the case of the long 1970s

This introduction outlines the possibilities and perspectives of an intertwining between European integration history and the history of capitalism. Although debates on capitalism have been making a comeback since the 2008 crisis, to date the concept of capitalism remains almost completely avoided by historians of European integration. This introduction thus conceptualizes ‘capitalism’ as a useful analytical tool that should be used by historians of European integration and proposes three major approaches for them to do so: first, by bringing the question of social conflict, integral to the concept of capitalism, into European integration history; second, by better conceptualizing the link between European governance, Europeanization and the globalization of capitalism; and thirdly by investigating the economic, political and ideological models or doctrines that underlie European cooperation, integration, policies and institutions. Finally, the introduction addresses the question of the analytical benefits of an encounter between capitalism and European integration history, focusing on the case of the 1970s. This allows us to qualify the idea of a clear-cut rupture, and better highlight how the shift of these years resulted from a complex bargaining that took place in part at the European level

Relatório de estágio em farmácia comunitária

Relatório de estágio realizado no âmbito do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, apresentado à Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbr

'Social Europe' in the long 1970s' : the story of a defeat

Defence date: 4 December 2017Examining Board: Prof Federico Romero, European University Institute; Prof Laura Lee Downs, European University Institute; Prof Eric Bussière, Université Paris-Sorbonne; Prof Lorenzo Mechi, Università degli Studi di Padova‘Social Europe’ is an elusive concept. Although largely forgotten today, it was a vibrant idea and project in the 1970s. Promulgated mostly by West European socialdemocratic forces, it was basically a European governance reform project. Its fundamental objective was to transform the nature of European cooperation and integration, by using the European Community as a vehicle to realise democratic socialism in Europe. ‘Social Europe’ took shape around the ideas of wealth redistribution, social and economic planning, economic democratisation, improved working and living conditions, regulation and control of economic forces, guarantee of the right to work, upward harmonisation of European social regimes, and access to social protection for all. It also included environmental concerns, democratisation of the European Community’s institutions, and claims to rebalance the international system to favour the development of the rising ‘South’. It made ambitious proposals to empower the Community in the social field and to increase social and economic coordination between its member states. It was, in short, a proposal for a radically different future than the one we actually inhabit today. This work investigates the rise and demise of ‘social Europe’ in the ‘long 1970s’. It highlights the socialist efforts to build a common European project, explores the concrete proposals it contained, traces its evolution and assesses the strategies and alliances envisaged between the different forces of the Left for its realisation. It sheds light on the reasons for the defeat of ‘Social Europe’, which had long-lasting, and arguably dramatic repercussions for the nature of European integration and European societies, for the relations of Western Europe with the rest of the world, for the history of capitalism and its shift to the ‘neoliberal’ paradigm, and for the ‘European Left’ itself

La lutte oubliée du mouvement syndical pour une réduction du temps de travail en Europe à l’heure du tournant néolibéral = The forgotten labour movement for reduced working hours in Europe during the neoliberal turn

This paper explores the forgotten history of the European labour movement’s struggle for a “workers’ Europe” during the 1970s and early 1980s, and in particular its efforts to build a European-wide trade unionism capable of supporting its proposals on employment and working time reduction. The paper first traces the emergence of the alternative project of European unity that the trade unions formulated in the 1970s, and the movement to build a unitary and combative trade unionism on a European scale. Secondly, the article reveals the struggle of the European trade union movement for a generalised reduction in working time in western Europe, through a twofold effort consisting of institutional lobbying and building a transnational mobilisation of workers – admittedly, on a fragile and limited basis. Thirdly, the paper sets out to examine the failure of this unprecedented struggle and to assess the main reasons for it in order to better understand the affirmation of another kind of Europe, that is, an increasingly neoliberal Europe in which full employment, economic solidarity, and the improvement in working and living conditions for the masses became, at best, a secondary objective

Social Europe, the Road not Taken

This book examines the European Left’s attempt to think and give shape to an alternative type of European integration—a ‘social Europe’—during the long 1970s. Based on fresh archival research, it shows that the western European Left—in particular, social democratic parties, trade unions, and to a lesser extent ‘Eurocommunist’ parties—formulated a broad project to turn ‘capitalist Europe’ into a ‘workers’ Europe’. This alternative model of European unity favoured coordinated measures for wealth redistribution, market regulation, a democratization of the economy and of European institutions, upward harmonization of social and fiscal systems, more inclusive welfare regimes, guaranteed employment, economic and social planning with greater consideration for the environment, increased public spending to meet collective needs, greater control of capital flows and multinational corporations, a reduction in working time, and a fairer international economic order favouring the global South. During the pivotal years following 1968, deeply marked by labour militancy, new social movements, economic crisis, and the unmaking of the ‘postwar compromise’, a window of opportunity opened in which European integration could have taken different roads. The defeat of ‘social Europe’ was a result of a decade-long social conflict which ended with the affirmation of a neoliberal Europe. Investigating this forgotten power struggle and the reasons of its defeat can be useful not just to scholars and students eager to understand the historical evolution of European integration, the European Left, and European capitalism, but also to anyone interested in building alternative European and global futures

Surcharges en fer : intérêt pour un nouveau chélateur oral ?

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