Histologic and biochemical research of trifluraline effects on rat duedonum and liver

Çalışmamızda tarım alanlarında yoğun bir şekilde kullanılan dinitroanniline türevi bir herbisit, Trifluralin'in (TRF) karaciğer ve duodenum üzerine olası toksik etkileri histolojik ve biyokimyasal olarak incelendi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Etik Kurulu'nun 21.11.2008 gün ve 128 sayılı kararı ile çalışmaya başlandı. Araştırmamızda yaklaşık 200-250 gr ağırlığında 30 adet Wistar suşu erkek sıçanlar kullanıldı. Sıçanlar her grupta 7 hayvan olacak şekilde 4 gruba ayrıldı. Birinci grup herhangi bir şey uygulanmamış Kontrol grubu. İkinci grup mısır yağı verilen Sham grubu. Üçüncü grup 2 g/kg/gün TRF+mısır yağı verilen Yüksek Doz(YD) grubu. Dördüncü grup 0.8 g/kg/gün TRF+mısır yağı verilen Düşük Doz (DD) grubu. Uygulanan maddeler 21 gün süreyle intragastrik gavaj yoluyla verildi. Deney sonunda sıçanlar sakrifiye edildi. Deneklerin karaciğer ve duodenumları rutin histolojik doku takibinden sonra immunhistokimya TUNNEL pozitif hücre sayımı ve H&E ile boyanarak histolojik değerlendirme ve morfometrik ölçümler yapıldı. Diğer kısım doku örnekleri ise MDA, GPx ve SOD değerlendirmeleri için ayrıldı. Deney sonu alınmış olan kan örnekleriylede, AST, ALT, ALP ve Albumin seviyeleri değerlendirildi. Ayrıca sıçanların deney başında ve deney sonundaki vücut ağırlıkları da ölçülüp değerlendirildi. Histolojik ve morfometrik değerlendirmeye göre, TRF uygulanmış YD ve DD gruplarının, kontrol ve sham gruplarına göre karaciğer ve duodenum dokularında hasarın olduğu, Tunel pozitif hücrelerin YD ve DD gruplarında Kontrol ve Sham gruplarına göre fazla sayıda olduğu gözlendi. Gruplar arası MDA, SOD ve GPx değerleri kıyaslandığında karaciğer dokusunda YD ve DD grubunda Kontrol ve Sham grubuna oranla MDA düzeyinin artığı ve GPx düzeyinin ise azaldığı gözlenirken SOD değeri sadece YD grubunda anlamlı düzeyde azalma göstermiştir. Duodenum dokusunda MDA ve SOD değerleri YD grubunda anlamlı düzeyde değişiklik gösterirken diğer gruplarda farklılığa rastlanmamıştır. Ancak GPx düzeyleri değerlendirildiğinde gruplar arası bulunan fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir. Elde ettiğimiz bulgular doğrultusunda TRF' nin karaciğer ve duodenum dokularında oksidatif stresi arttırdığı, histolojik hasar oluşturduğu ve biyokimyasal değişikliklere neden olduğunu düşünmekteyiz. Anahtar kelimeler: Trifluralin, Karaciğer, Duodenum, Apopitoz, Oksidatif stres In our study, we examined toxicologic effects of Trifluralin, a dinitroanniline derive which has a wide usage area in agriculture worldwide, on duedonum and liver tissues histologically and biochemically. Study started with the decision of Dokuz Eylül Medical Sciences Institude Ethics Commission dated on 21.11.2008, no. 128. In our investigation, approximately 200-250 grams were used 30 Wistar strain male rats. Rats in each group to be 7 animals were divided into 4 groups. Anything applied to the first group, the control group. The second group given corn oil Sham group. The third group, 2 g / kg / day given TRF + corn oil, High-Dose (HD) group. The fourth group, 0.8 g / kg / day given TRF + corn oil, low-dose (LD) group. Applied substances for a period of 21 days was given by intragastrik gavaj. Rats were sacrified after the application. Fragments of collected tissues from duedonum and liver were embedded in paraffin blocks and sectioned after routine histologic technics for counting TUNEL positive cells and stained for histologic and morfometric examining with H&E. Other parts of tissues were used for MDA, GPx and SOD examination. Blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment for examining AST, ALT, ALP and Albumin levels. And body weights of rats were recorded before and after the experimental process. According to histologic and morfometric assesmentæ HD and LD group liver and duedonum tissues were found damaged than sham and control groups. In HD and LD groups TUNEL positive cell numbers were comperatively more than sham and control groups. According to MDA, SOD and GPx assesmentæ HD and LD groups' MDA rates were found higher and GPx levels were found lower than sham and control groups in liver tissue. SOD levels were found significantly lower in only LD group. In duedonum tissueæ MDA and SOD levels showed differences significantly only in LD grup. GPx level assesment didn't give significant statistical datas. According to our study resultsæ we can say that TRF induces oxidative stress, causes histological damages and biochemical changes in liver and duedonum tissues. Key words: Trifluraline, Liver, Duodenum, Apoptosis, Oksidative stres

The effects of PPAR gamma agonist rosiglitazone on neointimal hyperplasia in rabbit carotid anastomosis model

Background: Neointimal hyperplasia involving smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, migration and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation is an important component of atherosclerosis. It develops as a response to vascular injury after balloon angioplasty and vascular graft placement. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) induce SMC proliferation, migration and contribute to intimal hyperplasia by degrading ECM. PPAR. agonists inhibit SMC proliferation, migration and lesion formation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of PPAR. agonist rosiglitazone on neointimal hyperplasia and gelatinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) expressions in rabbit carotid anastomosis model

The effects of PPAR-gamma agonist pioglitazone on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats

WOS: 000318616500033PubMed ID: 22981741Background: Acute renal failure due to renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is a significant clinical problem in cardiovascular surgery. Reactive oxygen species and inflammation play essential roles in the pathophysiology of IR injury. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes that play important roles in inflammation and mediate extracellular matrix degradation. It is known that peroxisome proliferatoreactivated receptor-gamma agonists have antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of pioglitazone, a synthetic peroxisome proliferatoreactivated receptor-gamma agonist, on MMPs and oxidative stress in a renal IR injury model in rats. Materials and methods: Male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: control (n = 7), placebo (n = 7; saline/p.o.), and pioglitazone (n = 7; 5 mg/kg/day/p.o.). In the control group, a right nephrectomy was conducted without left renal IR injury. In the placebo and pioglitazone groups, pretreatments were started 3 d before operation. In both groups, left renal pedicles were clamped for 60 min and then reperfused for 60 min. Paraffinized renal sections were evaluated histopathologically. Furthermore, expressions of MMP-2, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and p47-phox/p67-phox subunits of NADPH oxidase were determined by immunostaining and scoring. Results: In the placebo group, renal IR injury induced diffuse tubular necrosis and intense acute inflammation, but pioglitazone inhibited these effects. MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-2 expression increased in the placebo group. However, while MMP-2 and -9 expression decreased, TIMP-2 expression did not change in the pioglitazone group. p47-phox/p67-phox expression increased in the placebo group, but SOD1 expression did not change. Pioglitazone diminished p47-phox/p67-phox expression, whereas it enhanced SOD1 expression. Conclusion: Our results suggest that pioglitazone might be helpful to reduce renal IR injury because of its antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Effect of Tadalafil on Neointimal Hyperplasia in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Anastomosis Model

Purpose: Intimal thickening, which results from the response to arterial damage caused by therapeutic interventions or other reasons, is usually called as neointima. Neointimal hyperplasia is a main step in the pathogenesis of late-term restenosis, which is developed after vascular interventions. Reduction in nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling plays a substantial role in the pathogenesis of neointima formation. Phosphodiesterase V is detected in the peripheral coronary and pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells and in the cardiac tissue. Based on the effects of phosphodiesterase V inhibitors on vascular smooth muscle cells, in the present study, the effect of tadalafil, a new member of phosphodiesterase V inhibitors, on neointimal hyperplasia was investigated in the rabbit carotid artery anastomosis model

Effect of Tadalafil on Neointimal Hyperplasia in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Anastomosis Model

Purpose: Intimal thickening, which results from the response to arterial damage caused by therapeutic interventions or other reasons, is usually called as neointima. Neointimal hyperplasia is a main step in the pathogenesis of late-term restenosis, which is developed after vascular interventions. Reduction in nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling plays a substantial role in the pathogenesis of neointima formation. Phosphodiesterase V is detected in the peripheral coronary and pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells and in the cardiac tissue. Based on the effects of phosphodiesterase V inhibitors on vascular smooth muscle cells, in the present study, the effect of tadalafil, a new member of phosphodiesterase V inhibitors, on neointimal hyperplasia was investigated in the rabbit carotid artery anastomosis model

Maternal hypothyroidism and its role in the placenta: A morphometric and immunohistochemical study Maternal hipotiroidizm ve plasentadaki rolü: Morfometrik ve i̇mmünohistokimyasal çalişma

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the structure and mechanism of apoptosis in placentas with maternal hypothyroidism. Material and Methods: Seven normal and eight hypothyroidic mothers were selected. Tissues were prepared for histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay for detection of apoptosis and structural changes. Results: Increased TUNEL-positive staining in the cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast and mesenchymal cells was shown in the placentas of the hypothyroid group in comparison to the control group. In the control group, positive immunostaining for Caspase-3 was moderate in the syncytiotrophoblast cells, while it was mild in the cytotrophoblast cells and it was negative in the mesenchymal cells. Immunostaining for Bcl-2 was moderate in the syncytiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast and mesenchymal cells. Bax immunostaining was negative in the cytotrophoblast and mesenchymal cells, while immunostaining was mild in the syncytiotrophoblast. In the hypothyroid group, Caspase-3 immunostaining was strong in the syncytiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast and mesenchymal cells, whereas Bcl-2 immunostaining was absent in the cytotrophoblasts, and mild in the syncytiotrophoblasts and mesenchymal cells. Bax immunostaining was moderate in the syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts, however it was mild in the mesenchymal cells. The mean number of syncytial knots was significantly lower in the control group than the hypothyroid group (p< 0.05). Mean thickness of medium size blood vessels was significantly lower in the hypothyroid group than the control group (p< 0.05). Mean area of stromal fibrosis demonstrated in the hypothyroid group was higher than the control group (p< 0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that significant histological changes occur in the placentas of hypothyroid mothers with associated high incidence of apoptotic marker response. © 2010 by Türkiye Klinikleri

The Beneficial Effects of Tadalafil on Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Acute renal failure due to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common complication in cardiovascular surgery. We determined the influence of tadalafil on renal injury in a renal I/R model in rats. For this purpose, 21 male Wistar albino rats were separated into 3 groups: sham, placebo and tadalafil. A right nephrectomy was performed, and the left renal pedicles were occluded for 60 min and reperfused for 60 min in the placebo and tadalafil groups. A single dose of tadalafil (10 mg/kg) through an orogastric tube was administered to the tadalafil group. Tubular atrophy with acute inflammation in renal histology, total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were determined in tissue homogenates. Compared to the tadalafil group, tubular atrophy and acute inflammation was significant in the placebo group. TAS levels were significantly higher in the tadalafil group compared to the placebo (p = 0.01) and sham groups (p = 0.04). While TOS levels were significantly higher in the placebo group (p = 0.03), tadalafil did not significantly alter the TOS levels. The beneficial effects of tadalafil can be attributed to its protective effects on renal tubular cells and inhibition of leukocyte infiltration in renal tissue. We think that tadalafil treatment has an important role in reducing renal injury resulting from renal I/R. Copyright (c) 2010 S. Karger AG, Base

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Postpyelonephritic Renal Scarring in Rats

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells in ameliorating renal scarring in a rat pyelonephritis model